The archive / Profiles
The people.
The institutions.
The record.
Who ran the programs. Who built the systems. Who followed the money. Start with a name, then follow the documents behind it.
Browse every profile 60 profiles labeled ControversialRelated sections Court filings by case · Prosecutions by district · PPP lenders · Articles
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BY ROLE ↓A place in this directory describes a role in the record. It does not imply wrongdoing.
Four ways into the record
Beyond the lenders.
The archive reaches from loan origination to the software, identity checks and platforms behind the pandemic economy.
Cross River Bank
A New Jersey community bank operating as a bank of record for fintech companies.
Read the profile 02 / PUBLIC SYSTEMSDeloitte
A private builder and operator of state unemployment-insurance claims systems.
Read the profile 03 / IDENTITYID.me
The digital identity wallet and remote identity-proofing provider.
Read the profile 04 / PLATFORMSDoorDash
The local-commerce and food-delivery marketplace, including Caviar.
Read the profileThe Controversial label
60 profiles labeled Controversial
Individuals and companies whose conduct was challenged or called into question during or after the pandemic.
The records behind the label range from criminal convictions to civil settlements, agency investigations, congressional reports and allegations that were dismissed or are still pending. The label is not a legal finding. Each labeled profile links the documents behind its label.
What each kind of record can and cannot establish is set out in the methodology.
42 people, 18 companies and groups.
Show only these profiles in the directoryCompanies & entities 18
- Benworth Capital Partners
- Biz2Credit
- Blueacorn
- BlueVine
- Capital Plus Financial / Crossroads Systems
- Celtic Bank
- Cross River Bank
- Customers Bank
- Deloitte
- Fountainhead
- Harvest Small Business Finance
- ID.me
- Kabbage / K Servicing
- MBE Capital Partners
- Pondera Solutions (Thomson Reuters)
- Prestamos CDFI / Chicanos Por La Causa
- RER Solutions, Inc.
- Womply
Principals 11
Government officials 1
Oversight 15
The complete directory
Find the name.
Follow the record.
Search all 611 profiles by name or keyword.
Narrow by role, then by category.
The directory includes the fraud defendants (108) and reporters (13), each also on its own page.
Defendant
Hamza Abbas
One of six men sentenced for roles in a $20 million COVID-19 relief fraud ring led by Amir Aqeel — drew the longest sentence of the six, 44 months in federal…
PPP
Defendant
Elias Santino Acereto
One of seven Las Vegas men indicted separately in June 2026 over PPP and EIDL loans that, by prosecutors' count, total $205,639 across all seven; he is…
Executive
David Adame
President and CEO of Chicanos Por La Causa (CPLC) from 2015 until his resignation in October 2023.
PPP
Official · Treasury
Adewale O. "Wally" Adeyemo
Treasury's number two under Secretary Yellen; helped oversee implementation of American Rescue Plan relief — State and Local…
Other programs
Other company
ADP
The payroll giant's professional employer organization, ADP TotalSource, filed its clients' Employee Retention Credit claims on aggregate returns under its…
ERC
Other company
Agoda
Booking Holdings' Asia-Pacific hotel-booking brand laid off about 1,500 people, a quarter of its staff, in May 2020, the year its parent's revenue fell 54.9%.
Other company
Airbnb
Its hosts are the small-business / self-employed population that PPP and EIDL targeted.
Vendor or contractor
AirBoss Defense Group
Maryland maker of protective gear, owned by Canada's AirBoss of America, that won $456.9 million in no-bid federal COVID-19 orders for respirators and nitrile…
Defendant
Minister Zakar Ali
One of four men a federal jury in the Eastern District of Wisconsin convicted in October 2023 of schemes against the SBA, state unemployment agencies and…
PPPEIDLUnemployment insurance
Defendant
Syed Ali
A Sugar Land, Texas man in the Amir Aqeel PPP ring who, the indictment says, told a borrower trying to return a loan to "use it and then return." He was…
PPP
Lobby or trade group
American Bankers Association / BankPac
The principal trade association for U.S. banks and its federal political committee, BankPac (FEC C00004275).
PPP
Lender or loan platform
American Express
Made 6,954 PPP loans of its own in 2020, then bought the fintech lender Kabbage for about $750 million while leaving Kabbage's PPP loans behind.
PPP
Defendant
Shan Anand
A Queens man charged in March 2025 as the first-named of six defendants in a check-fraud ring that, prosecutors allege, tried to cash about $80 million in…
ERC
Executive
Rebecca Andino
Founder of Highlight Technologies, the Fairfax, Virginia contractor that staffed SBA's pandemic loan processing.
PPPEIDL
Defendant
Lonnise Janelle Andrews
A Macon, Georgia woman who invented a company with 957 employees, asked the IRS for a $3,086,325 advance on COVID employer credits, and filed false income tax…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Russell M. Anello
Deputy Staff Director and Chief Counsel of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis; later in the White House Counsel's Office.
Defendant
Muhammad Anis
A Houston man sentenced in February 2024 to 21 months in prison for his part in the Amir Aqeel PPP ring, with $483,333 in restitution owed jointly with Aqeel…
Lobby or trade group
App-Based Work Alliance
Washington advocacy group formed in November 2020 by Uber, Lyft, DoorDash, Instacart and Postmates, the five largest donors to California's Proposition 22, to…
Defendant
Controversial
Amir Aqeel
Described by federal prosecutors as the leader of a $20 million COVID-19 relief fraud ring — sentenced in October 2023 to 15 years in federal prison.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Nicole Argentieri
Head of the DOJ Criminal Division after Kenneth Polite, through the later pandemic-fraud cases; later joined Cravath.
PPP
Executive
Yuval Ariav
A co-founder of Fundbox, a PPP lender of record; no enforcement action naming him is on the public record.
PPP
Executive
Brian Armstrong
Coinbase co-founder and chief executive since 2012.
Executive
Ramit Arora
Co-founder and President of Biz2Credit.
PPP
Executive
Rohit Arora
Co-founder and CEO of Biz2Credit, whose subsidiary Itria Ventures was a PPP lender of record.
PPP
Defendant
Controversial
Vivian Arriaga
Defendant in a prosecution related to the Blueacorn founders' case: pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud…
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Arvest Bank
Fayetteville, Arkansas bank that made 27,522 PPP loans for $1.66 billion, most of them small, to borrowers in Arkansas, Oklahoma and Missouri.
PPP
Executive
L. Scott Askins
L. Scott Askins was Kabbage's General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer and Corporate Secretary when Kabbage was an American Express company.
PPP
Other company
Away
The New York luggage brand's sales fell more than 90% in the spring of 2020; it furloughed about half its staff, saying government assistance would keep their…
Executive
Johnny Ayers
Co-founder and CEO of Socure, an identity-verification and fraud-scoring company with state unemployment-agency and other government customers; Socure took no…
Unemployment insurance
Defendant
Artur Ayvazyan
Encino man convicted at trial in June 2021 in the Los Angeles PPP and EIDL fraud ring run by his brother, Richard Ayvazyan, and his wife, Tamara Dadyan…
PPPEIDL
Defendant
Richard Ayvazyan
Encino man convicted at trial in June 2021 as one of the two principal organizers of an eight-defendant Los Angeles ring that used fake, stolen and synthetic…
PPPEIDL
Official · HHS
Alex Azar
Health and Human Services Secretary in 2020, whose department sent the Provider Relief Fund's first $30 billion to hospitals and doctors by a Medicare-billing…
Other programs
Oversight and enforcement
Funmi Olorunnipa Badejo
General Counsel of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis; later Special Assistant to the President and Associate Counsel; Head of Compliance…
Lobbyist
Greg Baer
Large-bank policy advocate on regulation, supervision, AML/BSA, payments, fintech, and financial stability.
PPP
Defendant
Sherril Baez
A Freeport, New York woman charged in the $14.7 million Glenroy Walker PPP scheme who pleaded guilty in October 2024 to misprision of a felony.
Lender or loan platform
Bank of America, N.A.
The PPP's biggest lender by count, with 491,034 loans for $34.4 billion, and the bank whose prepaid cards carried California's jobless benefits.
PPP
Executive
Sam Bankman-Fried
Co-founder and chief executive of FTX, which opened its U.S. exchange in 2020 and collapsed in November 2022 owing customers, investors and lenders about $11…
Defendant
Controversial
Yasha Barjona
A defendant who pleaded guilty in July 2023 to one count of bank fraud conspiracy in a multi-state PPP and EIDL fraud case in New Jersey.
PPPEIDL
Defendant
Sheyland Juakeen Barnett
One of seven Las Vegas men indicted separately in June 2026 over PPP and EIDL loans that, by prosecutors' count, total $205,639 across all seven; he is…
Defendant
Zachary Bassett
A co-founder of COS Accounting & Tax (1099 Tax Pros) in Provo, Utah, indicted in February 2023 with fellow co-founder Mason Warr and the firm over more than…
ERC
Executive
Ed Bastian
Delta Air Lines chief executive since May 2016.
Other programs
Official · Treasury
Andy P. Baukol
Career Treasury official who, performing the delegable duties of the Deputy Secretary, co-signed the Feb 5, 2021 SBA–Treasury PPP…
PPP
Defendant
Allison Marie Baver
A Taylorsville, Utah woman and former Olympic speed skater found guilty at trial of seeking $10 million in PPP loans.
PPP
Official · HHS
Xavier Becerra
Confirmed 50 to 49 in March 2021, the Health and Human Services Secretary oversaw the Provider Relief Fund's later payouts and ended the COVID-19 public…
Other programs
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Alvaro M. Bedoya
FTC Commissioner (Democrat), May 2022 – June 2025; one of the three commissioners seated when the Commission authorized the Womply and Biz2Credit complaints…
Defendant
Apocalypse Bella
An Oregon man sentenced to 40 months in prison and ordered to pay $4,088,084.42 in restitution as the first-named defendant in a Southern District of New York…
PPP
Official · SBA
Controversial
Eric S. Benderson
The SBA lawyer who co-signed the FTC/SBA joint COVID warning letters.
PPP
Defendant
Robert Benlevi
An Encino, California man convicted by a federal jury of submitting 27 fraudulent PPP loan applications seeking roughly $27 million.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Benworth Capital Partners
Non-bank SBA 7(a) lender of record.
PPPEIDLPPPLF
Defendant
Augusto A. Lemus Berríos
A defendant in a Puerto Rico PPP and EIDL ring, alias "Primo," who the indictment says prepared fake supporting documents for loan applications; by April 2025…
PPPEIDL
Official · Treasury
Gavin A. Beske
Political Deputy Assistant Secretary at Treasury over the Community & Economic Development portfolio — the CDFI /…
PPP
Defendant
Wayne Bessant
A Hamilton Township, New Jersey man charged in November 2025 as the organizer of a ring that took over or imitated the identities of businesses whose Treasury…
ERC
Official · Treasury
Scott Bessent
Treasury Secretary since Jan. 28, 2025; not part of the 2020–2021 relief programs, he presides over Treasury in the era of pandemic-relief fraud recovery and…
Defendant
Aziz Hassan Bey
One of four men convicted by a federal jury for a scheme to defraud the Small Business Administration and a state agency of $9.5 million.
Defendant
Letez Osiris Bey
One of four men convicted at trial in a Milwaukee EIDL, PPP and unemployment-fraud case; he filed jobless claims in other people's names in Illinois and…
EIDL
Official · SBA
Brittany Whitesell Biles ("Britt Biles")
SBA's General Counsel during the peak of PPP/EIDL rulemaking — she supervised the drafting of the PPP regulations…
PPPEIDL
Other company
Bird
The scooter-rental company laid off 406 of its 1,387 employees in March 2020, later restated its pandemic-year revenue, and filed for bankruptcy in December…
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Biz2Credit
Online small-business finance company.
PPPPPPLF
Executive
Brock Blake
Founder and CEO of Lendio, a small-business loan marketplace that reports facilitating about $9.8 billion in PPP loans…
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Blue Flame Medical LLC
A mask broker formed by two political consultants on March 23, 2020.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Blueacorn
PPP lender service provider (LSP) / agent — not a lender of record.
PPP
Other company
Blueground
Travel and hospitality
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
BlueVine
Small-business fintech — invoice factoring, then lines of credit, then digital business banking.
PPP
Executive
Sam Bobley
Co-founder and CEO of Ocrolus, a document-automation and fraud-detection vendor used by Cross River, Square, BlueVine and Womply in PPP processing; Ocrolus…
PPP
Official · Federal Reserve
Felton C. Booker
Felton C. Booker is a banking-policy official.
PPPPPPLF
Official · SBA
Jason Bossie
Acting Chief Financial Officer of SBA — signed the FY2021 Agency Financial Report and authored the agency's formal response to the auditors'…
PPPEIDLOther programs
Defendant
Keyaira Bostic
Pembroke Pines, Florida woman convicted by a federal jury in November 2021 of obtaining an $84,515 PPP loan on false payroll figures, paying a kickback to…
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Bottom Line Concepts, LLC
Consulting firm; "a Florida limited liability company," in the words of its own client agreement.
ERC
Official · Federal Reserve
Lael Brainard
Federal Reserve governor when the Board set up its 2020 emergency lending facilities, including the one that financed PPP loans; later Fed vice chair and…
PPPLFOther programs
Executive
Noah Breslow
Noah Breslow was chairman and CEO of OnDeck Capital, which organized the March 24, 2020 fintech coalition letter he signed as OnDeck's CEO.
PPP
Official · SBA
William J. ("Bill") Briggs
As Acting Associate Administrator of the Office of Capital Access, he stood up the $800B PPP and helped manage COVID-EIDL…
PPPEIDL
Vendor or contractor
Brillient Corporation
Reston, Virginia contractor that SBA used to staff disaster-loan processing in 2020: an order whose ceiling rose to $205.8 million and closed with $85.6…
Official · Treasury
Francis Brooke
Although Brooke was at the NEC during the Trump I administration (the period overlapping CARES Act enactment), no first-party source places him in a role…
Executive
Kevin M. Burke (Centuria Corporation)
Founder and CEO of Centuria Corporation, a Reston, Virginia IT contractor that worked on SBA's Shuttered Venue Operators Grant system; the firm took a…
PPPOther programs
Executive
Ronan Burke
Co-founder and CEO of Inscribe, a document-fraud-detection company used in Womply's PPP application flow.
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Business Warrior Corporation
Publicly-traded small-business marketing and lending-software company (OTC Pink: BZWR, currently flagged "CE" — caveat emptor).
PPPEIDL
Executive
Alexander Bykhovsky
A telemarketing defendant, also named as "Alex Gold," who, with his Nevada company Alex Gold Holdings, was among the five parties found liable by default for…
ERC
Executive
Controversial
Barry Calhoun
Chief Executive Officer of Blueacorn from March 2021.
PPP
Official · Treasury
Brian Callanan
Treasury's top lawyer (General Counsel) for the CARES Act legal architecture — the legal structuring of the ~$500B Title IV / Exchange…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Ashley Callen
Lead Republican staffer on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (117th Congress); later General Counsel to the Speaker of the House…
Official · Treasury
Charles W. Calomiris
The OCC's chief economist from July 2020 — the senior economics official at the national-bank regulator whose supervisory perimeter…
Executive
Thomas Capasse
Co-founder, chairman, CEO and chief investment officer of Ready Capital, a publicly traded mortgage REIT whose ReadyCap Lending was a large first-round PPP…
PPPPPPLF
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Capital Plus Financial, LLC, and its parent, Crossroads Impact Corp.
SBA-approved Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI) + B-Corp residential-mortgage lender owned by a…
PPPPPPLF
Executive
Controversial
Cory Capoccia
Former President of Womply, who ran the partner channel and lender relationships behind its PPP work.
PPP
Official · Congress
Ben Cardin
Senate Small Business Democrat who co-authored PPP, pushed underserved-borrower access and transparency, and chaired the committee during the Biden-era PPP…
PPPEIDL
Oversight and enforcement
Craig Carpenito
U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey (2018–2020) who led DOJ's COVID-19 Hoarding and Price Gouging Task Force; later King & Spalding.
Oversight and enforcement
Elizabeth Carr
A DOJ trial attorney on the Blueacorn prosecution.
PPP
Official · SBA
Jovita Carranza
SBA Administrator in the pandemic's first year, when SBA launched PPP and approved 5.1 million loans worth $526 billion in 2020.
PPPEIDL
Official · SBA
Barbara E. Carson
As Deputy Associate Administrator of the Office of Disaster Assistance — the office that ran COVID-EIDL and the Shuttered Venue Operators…
EIDLOther programs
Other company
Carta
The cap-table software company laid off 161 people, 16% of its staff, on April 15, 2020, eight days after the first sale in an equity round that raised $210…
Lender or loan platform
CDC Small Business Finance
The nonprofit SBA lender made nearly 6,000 PPP loans worth about $275 million.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Celtic Bank
Bank — PPP lender of record.
PPPPPPLF
Vendor or contractor
Central Research, Inc.
Federal records, collections, and improper-payments contractor; SBA 8(a)/HUBZone-eligible firm.
PPPEIDLOther programs
Official · Congress
Steve Chabot
Ohio Republican who was ranking member of the House Small Business Committee in 2020, when PPP and COVID-19 EIDL were written, amended and first examined.
PPPEIDL
Lender or loan platform
Chain Bridge Bank, N.A.
A McLean, Virginia bank whose deposits come mostly from political committees.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Kevin Chambers
The Justice Department's first Director of COVID-19 Fraud Enforcement (appointed March 2022) and addressee of the Select Subcommittee's December 1, 2022…
Defendant
Carlos Manfredo Pentzke Chamorro
A defendant in a Puerto Rico PPP and EIDL ring, alias "El Doctor," who took two $20,800 PPP loans and a $104,000 EIDL loan, pleaded guilty to three wire-fraud…
PPPEIDL
Defendant
Ross Charno
A Fort Lauderdale, Florida man charged as part of a nationwide PPP fraud scheme that sought more than $24 million and disbursed over $17 million.
PPP
Lawyer or judge
Alexander L. Cheney
Willkie Farr & Gallagher litigation partner; counsel for claimant OTO Analytics (Womply) in the JAMS arbitration against Benworth and the related federal cases.
PPP
Executive
Brian Chesky
Airbnb co-founder and chief executive.
Oversight and enforcement
Rohit Chopra
Democratic FTC commissioner during the early pandemic who left to run the CFPB before the PPP-fintech complaints were filed, and later returned to a…
Other company
Chris Biz Services
A call-center company that advertised "Ringless Voicemail" and pre-recorded "Voice Broadcasting," and whose name was in the footer of a Bottom Line…
ERC
Lender or loan platform
Citibank, N.A.
Citi made 47,765 PPP loans for $4.8 billion and limited them to existing customers after an internal presentation warned the policy "might create heightened…
PPP
Lender or loan platform
City National Bank
The Los Angeles bank owned by Royal Bank of Canada made 25,541 PPP loans averaging $233,598.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
City National Bank of Florida
Miami bank that made 371 of the Federal Reserve's 1,830 Main Street loans, $2.0 billion of the $17.5 billion lent, more than any other lender, and 14,140 PPP…
PPPOther programs
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Molly Claflin
Chief Counsel for Investigations of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis after Carlos Uriarte; previously Gibson Dunn and Senate Judiciary…
PPPOther programs
Defendant
Andre Clark
A Miramar, Florida man who got a $488,565 PPP loan for his company and was sentenced in July 2021 to 33 months in prison.
PPP
Other company
ClassPass
Fitness and wellness
Reporter
Lalita Clozel
Lalita Clozel is a former Wall Street Journal banking reporter whose work has covered fintech-bank partnerships and bank-regulatory enforcement.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
James E. Clyburn
Chairman of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (2020–2022), which issued the December 1, 2022 staff report "We Are Not the Fraud Police."
PPP
Lobby or trade group
Coalition for Workforce Innovation (CWI)
A business coalition that led the suit over the Labor Department's withdrawal of the 2021 independent-contractor rule.
Unemployment insurance
Official · IRS
Erin M. Collins
The National Taxpayer Advocate from March 2020, whose office took the side of businesses waiting on Employee Retention Credit claims: in May 2025 she reported…
ERC
Official · Congress
Susan Collins
Maine's Republican senator was one of the four senators who drafted the Paycheck Protection Program in March 2020.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
James Comer
Chair of the House Committee on Oversight and Accountability; Ranking Member of the committee from June 2020 to December 2022 (R-KY).
Unemployment insurance
Other company
Compass
The New York brokerage cut 15% of its staff in March 2020 while modeling a 50% revenue drop; its 2020 revenue instead rose 56%, to $3.72 billion.
Official · SBA
Martin "Sparky" Conrey
SBA's standing Office of General Counsel point-of-contact for the agency's regulatory agenda and the OGC reviewer copied on the…
Other company
Convene
Events, venues, and creator marketplaces
Oversight and enforcement
Kadeem Cooper
Counsel on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis; previously Covington & Burling and House Oversight; Senior Counsel for Policy at Airbnb…
Executive
Jon Coss
Founder and CEO of Pondera Solutions, a government fraud-detection company acquired by Thomson Reuters in March 2020; California's EDD used its software when…
Unemployment insurance
Defendant
Controversial
Michael Cota
Defendant in a prosecution related to the Blueacorn founders' case: pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Rachel F. Cotton
Counsel on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis; later Deputy Counsel to the President; partner at Arnold & Porter.
Reporter
Stacy Cowley
Cowley co-authored the April 2020 Times story on large bank customers receiving "concierge treatment" during the first PPP round.
PPP
Official · Commerce
Donald Cravins Jr.
Cravins' role was post-ARP minority-business administration, not PPP or EIDL.
Lender or loan platform
Credibly
Non-bank small-business finance platform (merchant cash advances, working-capital loans, lines of credit).
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Cross River Bank
State-chartered, FDIC-insured New Jersey community bank operating as fintech bank-of-record ("banking-as-a-service" / "Marketplace Lending").
PPPPPPLF
Executive
Christopher Gutierrez Cuenza
The managing member of Chris Biz Services, a call-center company sued twice over Employee Retention Credit calls marketing Bottom Line Concepts.
ERC
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Customers Bank
Bank / bank holding company — PPP lender of record, fintech sponsor bank, and operator of a white-label PPP platform licensed to other banks.
PPPPPPLF
Defendant
Tamara Dadyan
Encino woman the Ninth Circuit named one of the two principal organizers of a Los Angeles PPP and EIDL fraud ring; she pleaded guilty in June 2021, was…
PPPEIDL
Executive
John Dancu
President and CEO of IDology for fifteen years; Blueacorn used IDology's knowledge-based authentication in its PPP process until April 2021, per the House…
PPP
Reporter
David Dayen
Executive editor of The American Prospect; his 2020 "Unsanitized" series covered PPP design, bank incentives and transparency.
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Controversial
Deloitte
Global professional-services partnership; here, the dominant private builder and operator of state unemployment-insurance (UI) claims systems during…
Unemployment insurance
Reporter
Lydia DePillis
The May 2021 ProPublica story found 378 PPP loans, about $7 million, to fake farms in implausible places — potato fields in Palm Beach, orange groves in…
PPP
Executive
Samir Desai
The founder of Funding Circle, the UK-listed marketplace lender that became an SBA-accredited PPP lender in the…
PPP
Executive
Sapan Desai
Chief executive of Surgisphere, whose hospital database underlay COVID-19 studies that The Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine retracted in June…
PPP
Defendant
Meelad Dezfooli
A Nevada man, also known as "James Dez," convicted of fraudulently obtaining over $11.2 million in PPP loans across three shell companies.
Executive
Jamie Dimon
Chairman and chief executive of JPMorgan Chase, the largest PPP lender: 452,892 loans for $44.1 billion in the SBA's data.
PPP
Official · GAO
Gene L. Dodaro
Comptroller General who led GAO through the CARES Act oversight mandate and the recurring pandemic-response reports Congress used to track program failures…
Executive
Matt Doka
Matt Doka co-founded FiveStars in 2011 and served as its chief technology officer.
PPP
Executive
Arnold Donald
Carnival Corporation chief executive from July 2013 to August 2022.
Executive
Eric Donnelly
Chief executive of Capital Plus Financial, LLC since 2014 and of its parent, Crossroads Systems, Inc. (later Crossroads Impact Corp.), since December 2017.
PPP
Executive
Rhett Doolittle
Chairman and CEO of Business Warrior Corporation (OTC: BZWR), which provided supplemental PPP application review for Blueacorn, per the House report; the…
PPPEIDL
Other company
DoorDash
Local-commerce and food-delivery marketplace (includes Caviar).
PPP
Executive
Jack Dorsey
Co-founder and "Block Head" of Block, formerly Square.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
James Doty
The New York bar counsel of record on the Biz2Credit complaint.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
East West Bank
Pasadena bank that made 12,964 PPP loans for $2.7 billion and eleven Main Street loans for $233.6 million, and later extended credit to the CDFI Lendistry.
PPPOther programs
Executive
Joe Ehrhardt
Founder and CEO of Teslar Software (3E Software, Inc.), a Springdale, Arkansas maker of community-bank loan software used by PPP lenders; the company took a…
PPP
Defendant
Divine-Seven El
The longest sentence among four Milwaukee-area men convicted at trial of chasing more than $9.5 million in EIDL and PPP loans: 150 months in prison, imposed…
EIDL
Defendant
Kendra Michelle Eley
A Norfolk, Virginia woman who filed eight quarterly payroll returns reporting 18 employees who did not exist, using the employer ID of her cleaning business…
ERC
Executive
Caroline Ellison
Former chief executive of Alameda Research, the trading firm that borrowed FTX customer money.
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Emergent BioSolutions
Publicly traded contract development and manufacturing organization (CDMO) and biodefense company.
Official · HHS
Tom Engels
As HRSA administrator from November 2019 to January 2021, Engels directed the $175 billion COVID-19 Provider Relief Fund; he returned to run the agency in…
Other programs
Other company
ERC Mills
ERC mills were private firms that sold small businesses access to the Employee Retention Credit for a cut of the refund, reported at 10 to 25 percent, and…
PPPERC
Other company
ERC Specialists
An Orem, Utah firm that sold only one thing, Employee Retention Credit claims, for a share of the refund, and found customers through paid affiliates…
ERC
Other company
ERC Today
An Employee Retention Credit firm paid a percentage of what its clients recovered, which in late 2024 joined Stenson Tamaddon in suing the IRS over the…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Joni Ernst
Chair of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship (R-IA); has pressed the SBA on unrecovered COVID-relief fraud.
PPPEIDLOther programs
Other company
ERTC Express
An Employee Retention Credit processor that charged 15 to 30 percent of a client's credit and, on its default plan, had the IRS send the refund to a lockbox…
ERC
Defendant
Controversial
Lisa Evans
An Olive Branch, Mississippi tax-preparation business owner who pleaded guilty to defrauding COVID-19 relief programs of more than $5 million, and was…
PPP
Other company
Eventbrite
The ticketing company cut about 45% of its staff in April 2020, lost 68% of its revenue that year, and borrowed $125 million at 12.5% from a private credit…
PPP
Other company
ezCater
The Boston office-catering marketplace lost 85% of its revenue at the start of the pandemic and laid off more than 400 of its 900 employees in April 2020.
Executive
Andy Fang
DoorDash co-founder and director; Head of Consumer Engineering when the company went public in December 2020.
Defendant
Abdul Fatani
A 57-year-old Richmond, Texas man convicted at trial for a scheme that sought over $35 million through more than 80 fraudulent PPP loans — sentenced to 36…
PPP
Official · Treasury
Michael Faulkender
Treasury co-signatory of the Jan 14, 2021 PPP Interim Final Rule and lead author of Treasury's PPP job-preservation working paper…
PPP
Reporter
Zeke Faux
Faux and Surane reported that Kabbage cut off small-business credit lines as cash needs mounted in early 2020.
Defendant
Controversial
Maurice Fayne
Owner of Flame Trucking and a cast member of "Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta"; pleaded guilty in N.D. Ga.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Andrew N. Ferguson
Republican commissioner who joined the FTC after the PPP-fintech cases were filed and became Chair in 2025.
Oversight and enforcement
Cassie Fields
Senior Investigative Counsel on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis, by way of Williams & Connolly and House Oversight, now General…
Lender or loan platform
Fifth Third Bank
Fifth Third made about 66,000 PPP loans worth $7.4 billion.
PPPOther programs
Lobby or trade group
Financial Innovation Now (FIN)
Policy coalition of Square (Block), PayPal, Stripe and Intuit that wrote to congressional leaders on March 19, 2020 urging that non-bank lenders be allowed to…
PPP
Lawyer or judge
Richard Finneran
Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner partner and former Assistant U.S. Attorney; trial counsel for Stephanie Hockridge in United States v. Reis and Hockridge (N.D. Tex.
PPP
Defendant
Leland Fishback
A St. George, Utah businessman who filed 22 false payroll returns for four of his own businesses, including one called Circle CPA, and collected $482,058.46…
ERC
Reporter
Emily Flitter
Flitter co-authored the April 2020 Times story on banks giving richer clients "concierge treatment" in the first PPP round.
PPP
Executive
Controversial
James "Jimmy" Flores
Co-founder of Blueacorn, who by his own plea papers received at least $24 million for his stake.
PPP
Executive
John Foley
Peloton co-founder and chief executive through the lockdown boom.
Executive
Marwan Forzley
Co-founder and CEO of Veem, a cross-border payments network for small businesses; an advocacy signatory whose company built a free PPP application front-end…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Bill Foster
Member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis and of the House Financial Services Committee (D-IL-11); physicist.
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Fountainhead
Nonbank Small Business Lending Company (SBLC) with SBA Preferred Lender Program (PLP) authority.
PPPPPPLF
Executive
Josh Fox
Founder and chief executive of Bottom Line Concepts, the Miami-area firm that sold Employee Retention Credit filings for a percentage of the refund.
ERC
Lobbyist
Dayna Frank
President and CEO of First Avenue Productions in Minneapolis and co-founder and first president of the National Independent Venue Association, which led the…
PPPEIDLOther programs
Defendant
James Sean Freeman II
One of seven Las Vegas men indicted separately in June 2026 over PPP and EIDL loans that, by prosecutors' count, total $205,639 across all seven; he is…
Executive
Controversial
Robert Frohwein
Co-founder and former CEO of Kabbage.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Fundbox
Small-business working-capital fintech; PPP lender of record in its own name.
PPPPPPLF
Lender or loan platform
Fundera
Online marketplace that matched small businesses with lenders and loan products.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Funding Circle
SME marketplace lender; London-listed parent with a U.S. lending arm that was a direct PPP lender of record.
PPPPPPLF
Executive
Gilles Gade
Founder, chairman, president and CEO of Cross River Bank, which per SBA loan-level data originated 478,866 PPP…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Michael Galdo
Director for COVID-19 Fraud Enforcement and Director of the COVID-19 Fraud Enforcement Strike Forces at the Justice Department; later joined King & Spalding.
PPPEIDL
Executive
Randy Garutti
Shake Shack chief executive in April 2020, when the company received and returned a $10 million PPP loan.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Jennifer Naomi Gaspar
Chief Investigative Counsel of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis; later staff director of the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on…
Defendant
Kenneth Gaughan
A Washington, D.C. man who defrauded the Archdiocese of Washington and small-business pandemic relief programs of more than $2.5 million.
Vendor or contractor
General Motors
Detroit automaker that the President ordered, under the Defense Production Act, to build ventilators; its HHS contract for 30,000 of them was worth $476.1…
Vendor or contractor
Geographic Solutions
Private software vendor supplying state and local governments with labor-exchange, workforce-development, and unemployment-insurance (UI).
Unemployment insurance
Oversight and enforcement
Alastair Gesmundo
DOJ attorney credited on the Kabbage bankruptcy proceeding tied to the PPP False Claims Act resolution.
PPP
Defendant
Norma Getten
A Bronx woman who pleaded guilty in May 2024 to conspiracy in Glenroy Walker and Howard Levy's PPP scheme.
Vendor or contractor
GIACT / LSEG Account Verification
Bank-account, payment, identity and fraud-verification provider.
PPP
Executive
Dan Gilbert
Founder and chairman of Rocket Companies.
EIDL
Executive
Jonathan S. Gitlin
Jonathan S. Gitlin is Biz2Credit's General Counsel (FTC stipulated order signature block).
PPP
Defendant
Ryan Glidewell
A Kingsport, Tennessee man who led a ring that set up at least eleven phony businesses with no employees and filed employment tax returns for them, claiming…
ERC
Other company
Globalization Partners
A Boston employer-of-record company that took a $2,553,300 PPP loan in April 2020, reporting 87 jobs, and had $2,582,750.39 forgiven in June 2021.
PPP
Lawyer or judge
Craig T. Goldblatt
U.S. Bankruptcy Judge for the District of Delaware; presides over In re KServicing Wind Down Corp. (No. 22-10951) and its adversary proceedings.
PPP
Executive
Phil Goldfeder
Cross River Bank's senior vice president of global public affairs through the PPP years, and its public voice when the SBA said it would investigate the bank…
PPP
Executive
Marc Goldschmitt
Owner of Goldschmitt and Associates, a service-disabled-veteran-owned firm whose joint venture Goldschmitt-CRI built SBA's PPP platform and forgiveness…
PPPEIDLOther programs
Executive
Zach Goldstein
Founder and CEO of Thanx; signatory of the March 24, 2020 fintech letter; advocated delivery-fee caps during the pandemic.
Executive
Adam Goller
Executive Vice President and Head of Fintech Banking at Cross River Bank.
PPP
Executive
Sasan Goodarzi
Intuit's chief executive since January 2019, whose QuickBooks Capital became an SBA-approved PPP lender on April 10, 2020 and, by Intuit's count, helped more…
PPP
Defendant
Candies Goode-McCoy
A Las Vegas business owner who filed about 1,227 false employment tax returns claiming COVID-19 credits for herself and others, seeking more than $98 million…
ERC
Official · Federal Reserve
Austan Goolsbee
University of Chicago economist whose June 2020 study found that shutdown orders explained 7 of a 60-point fall in consumer traffic; president of the Federal…
PPP
Executive
Marc Gorlin
Co-founder of Kabbage; founded Roadie in 2014.
Executive
Jim Granat
Enova International's head of small business, who signed the March 24, 2020 fintech letter for Enova; after Enova acquired OnDeck in October 2020 he became…
PPP
Executive
Jonathan Grandperrin
Co-founder and CEO of Mindee, a French document-parsing company whose OCR was used in Womply's PPP application flow.
PPP
Executive
Errin Green
Chair and CEO of RER Solutions, the Herndon, Virginia 8(a) firm that was prime contractor on SBA's COVID-EIDL loan-recommendation contract; SBA OIG report…
EIDL
Executive
Logan Green
Lyft co-founder and CEO through the pandemic; Lyft's drivers were independent contractors eligible for PPP sole-proprietor loans and Pandemic Unemployment…
Oversight and enforcement
Mark Green
Minority member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (R-TN); physician.
Other company
Greenhouse
Labor-market and HR software
Official · Treasury
Jonathan Greenstein
A Treasury Deputy Assistant Secretary for Financial Institution Policy during the Trump first term, Greenstein is thanked by name "for…
PPP
Defendant
Kevin J. Gregory
A Hollywood man who claimed about $65 million in COVID-19 employment tax credits for a Beverly Hills "farming-and-transportation company" that employed nobody.
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Christi A. Grimm
The HHS Inspector General who flagged hospital shortages early in the pandemic, oversaw Provider Relief Fund accountability, and was removed in January 2025.
Other programs
Other company
Groupon
Local commerce
Other company
Grubhub
Its restaurants were the small-business class that PPP and the Restaurant Revitalization Fund targeted.
Vendor or contractor
Guidehouse
McLean, Virginia consultancy, formerly PwC's U.S. public-sector practice, that SBA hired without competition in April 2020; its five pandemic orders obligated…
PPPEIDLOther programs
Other company
Gusto
A venture-backed payroll company that in April 2020 pulled PPP paperwork for more than 70,000 customers, said they "qualified for $3.4 billion," and sent them…
PPPERC
Official · SBA
Isabella Casillas Guzman
27th SBA Administrator — the agency's top official during the back half of the pandemic relief effort; oversaw PPP forgiveness, the…
PPPEIDLOther programs
Executive
Blake Hall
Founder and CEO of ID.me, the identity-verification company that about 30 states used for pandemic unemployment claims and that the IRS planned to require for…
Unemployment insurance
Executive
Yvette Hanner
President and chief executive of Advanced Technology Leaders, the Georgia contractor SBA hired in December 2022 for its Unified Lending Platform and Disaster…
Executive
Ethan Hanson
Lendio's in-house legal chief, named alongside CEO Brock Blake on the May 2020 FTC/SBA PPP warning…
PPP
Official · Treasury
Benjamin Harris
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy from November 15, 2021 to March 30, 2023.
Official · Treasury
Jodie Harris
As Director of Treasury's CDFI Fund (the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund), Harris reported in a Dec 9, 2020 director's update…
PPP
Defendant
Yves Garry Harrison-Pierre
One of seven Las Vegas men indicted separately in June 2026 over PPP and EIDL loans that, by prosecutors' count, total $205,639 across all seven; he is…
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Harvest Small Business Finance
Nonbank SBA 7(a) and commercial real estate lender.
PPPPPPLF
Reporter
Drew Harwell
In February 2022 Harwell reported for The Washington Post that ID.me, the identity contractor 30 states paid to check people seeking unemployment insurance…
PPP
Defendant
Leon Haynes
A Teaneck, New Jersey tax preparer who filed more than 1,900 false employment tax returns claiming COVID-19 credits, sought more than $170 million and got…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Julia Heald
An FTC staff attorney who signed the Womply complaint.
PPP
Executive
Jared Hecht
Jared Hecht is a New York technology founder.
PPP
Executive
Taylor Hendricksen
Co-founder of Paynerd and Chief Marketing Officer of Blueacorn.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Paola Henry
An FTC Bureau of Consumer Protection staff attorney, one of three FTC lawyers named on the 2024 Womply complaint, which ended in a $26 million stipulated…
PPP
Executive
Daniel Hernandez
A former South Florida bank market manager sentenced in 2023 to 120 months in prison for a PPP conspiracy that submitted more than 90 fraudulent applications…
PPPEIDL
Oversight and enforcement
David J. Hickton
Founding Staff Director of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis; former U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania; founding…
Defendant
Controversial
David T. Hines
A 29-year-old Miami man sentenced to more than six years in prison for fraudulently obtaining approximately $3.9 million in PPP loans, part of which bought…
PPP
Executive
Victor Ho
Co-founder and CEO of FiveStars; signatory of the March 24, 2020 fintech letter; SumUp acquired FiveStars in October 2021 for $317 million.
PPP
Executive
William Hockey
Plaid co-founder who moved to an advisory role in June 2019 and later bought a California bank that became Column; Plaid's account-verification service was…
Executive
Controversial
Stephanie Hockridge (Reis)
Co-founder of Blueacorn and former Phoenix television news anchor.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Melissa Holyoak
Republican FTC commissioner who joined after the PPP-fintech settlements were filed and later became U.S. Attorney for the District of Utah.
Other company
Homebase Profile: Hourly-Work Software, Pandemic Data, and Current Status
PPP and small-business finance
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Michael Horowitz
Department of Justice Inspector General and Chair of the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee.
PPPEIDLUnemployment insurance
Executive
Reese Howell Jr.
Founder, chairman and CEO of Celtic Bank, a Utah industrial bank and SBA lender that originated 167,201 PPP loans worth about $4.49 billion per SBA loan-level…
PPP
Defendant
Austin Hsu
A Washington man charged, then convicted, in a COVID-19 relief fraud scheme — sentenced to two years in prison and ordered to pay over $709,000 in restitution.
Official · White House
Glenn Hubbard
A former chair of the Council of Economic Advisers who, with Michael R. Strain, published one of the first econometric evaluations of the Paycheck Protection…
PPP
Lobbyist
Richard Hunt
President and CEO of the Consumer Bankers Association, 2009–2022; CBA statements under him addressed PPP forgiveness, extension and member banks' role.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Huntington National Bank
Huntington funded $6.6 billion of PPP loans in 2020.
PPP
Executive
Controversial
Chris Hurn
Founder and CEO of Fountainhead, a non-bank SBA lender that originated 272,227 PPP loans, largely through Womply's Fast Lane; Fountainhead sued Womply in…
PPP
Defendant
Casie Hynes
A Los Angeles woman who got about $2.26 million from more than 80 fraudulent PPP and EIDL applications in the names of about 20 companies, including Nasty…
ERC
Other company
Icarus Fund
A business-finance company that says it buys delayed Employee Retention Credit refunds for cash and wrote marketing pages aimed at businesses whose claims…
ERC
Vendor or contractor
Controversial
ID.me
Digital identity wallet and remote identity-proofing provider.
Unemployment insurance
Vendor or contractor
IDology / GBG
Identity-verification and fraud-prevention provider, known for knowledge-based authentication and identity data checks.
PPP
Other company
iHub Global
An affiliate-marketing network that recruited people to refer businesses to Bottom Line Concepts for Employee Retention Credit filings.
ERC
Defendant
Ashley Clark Ingram
The finance and operations director of Habitat for Humanity of Central South Carolina, who applied for the charity's Employee Retention Credit without its…
ERC
Defendant
Controversial
William Ingram
A defendant who pleaded guilty in July 2023 to one count of bank fraud conspiracy in a multi-state PPP and EIDL fraud case in New Jersey.
PPPEIDL
Other company
Innovation Refunds
A Des Moines-area Employee Retention Credit firm that took 25 percent of its clients' refunds, advertised with Modern Family's Ty Burrell, sold through…
ERC
Vendor or contractor
Inscribe
Document-fraud detection and risk software for lenders, banks and fintech companies.
PPP
Other company
Instacart
Instacart was too large for PPP, but its "full-service shoppers" were independent contractors (the Schedule-C / PUA population), and its gross transaction value rose 303% from 2019 to 2020 (Maplebear IPO prospectus, 2023).
Lender or loan platform
Intuit / QuickBooks Capital
Public financial-software company (TurboTax, QuickBooks, Mint, later Credit Karma and Mailchimp).
PPP
Defendant
Tarik Jaafar
An Ashburn, Virginia man who, with his wife, applied for 18 PPP loans worth $6.6 million for four companies with no employees.
PPP
Official · Treasury
Robert Jackman
Career Treasury economist who co-authored Treasury's own empirical defense of the Paycheck Protection Program — the Office of Economic Policy…
PPP
Defendant
Brandon Jackson
A Texas man sentenced to 33 months in prison and $1,772,453 in restitution for an EIDL fraud run alongside a larger Southern District of New York PPP case.
EIDL
Defendant
Dantavious Jackson
A Union City, Georgia truck-company owner who ran a side business as a "ghost" tax preparer and filed 35 payroll returns for himself and two clients claiming…
ERC
Lobbyist
Mary Jackson
Mary Jackson was CEO of the Online Lenders Alliance, a fintech/nonbank-lending trade association.
PPP
Defendant
Controversial
Nadine Consuelo Jackson
A Dayton, Ohio "investigation and security" business owner sentenced to 24 months in prison after admitting to a COVID-relief fraud scheme involving an SBA…
PPPEIDL
Defendant
Sniders Jean-Jacques
A Miami tax preparer indicted with three others in Boston on a PPP wire-fraud conspiracy that, prosecutors say, obtained about $7 million in loans and took…
PPP
Other company
Jetty
Renters insurance and housing fintech
PPP
Lobbyist
Lindsey Johnson
President and CEO of the Consumer Bankers Association since July 5, 2022; CBA issued a statement on the House fintech PPP report in December 2022.
PPP
Defendant
Rudolph Johnson
A New Jersey man, also known as "Bishop Salis Shwade," charged in March 2024 with two others over 131 tax filings for sham entities that claimed about $2.92…
ERC
Defendant
Tonye Johnson
A Pennsylvania towing-company owner who got a $389,627 PPP loan on falsified records in a $24 million South Florida scheme; he pleaded guilty and was…
PPP
Lobbyist
Travis Johnson
Founder and managing principal of 1607 Strategies, a government-affairs firm whose lobbying clients include Cross River Bank.
PPP
Defendant
Tyrone Tatrice Johnson
One of seven Las Vegas men indicted separately in June 2026 over PPP and EIDL loans that, by prosecutors' count, total $205,639 across all seven; he is…
Oversight and enforcement
Jim Jordan
Minority member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (R-OH); his pandemic-oversight work concerned COVID origins and related matters…
Lawyer or judge
Sean D. Jordan
U.S. District Judge for the Eastern District of Texas; assigned United States ex rel.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
The PPP's biggest lender by dollars: $41.6 billion in 438,565 loans of its own.
PPP
Other company
Justworks
A professional employer organization that filed Employee Retention Credit claims for its small-business customers as an IRS-certified PEO, charged nothing for…
ERC
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Kabbage / K Servicing
Atlanta-based fintech small-business lender.
PPP
Executive
Cory Kampfer
OnDeck's Chief Operating Officer and General Counsel through its 2020 sale to Enova, where he now co-leads Enova Small Business.
PPP
Official · Federal Reserve
Neel Kashkari
The Minneapolis Fed's PPPLF materials describe the facility as term financing backed by PPP loans.
PPPLF
Executive
Husayn Kassai
Co-founder and former CEO of Onfido, the identity-verification company Blueacorn made its primary PPP identity check in April 2021, per the House report…
PPP
Official · SBA
Patrick Kelley
Associate Administrator for the SBA Office of Capital Access (OCA) — the official who ran PPP forgiveness operations and led the launch of the…
PPPEIDLOther programs
Lender or loan platform
KeyBank
KeyBank called itself the seventh-largest PPP lender of 2020.
PPPOther programs
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Lina Khan
FTC Chair, June 2021 – January 2025, when the agency brought the Womply and Biz2Credit cases (2024).
PPP
Executive
Dara Khosrowshahi
Uber's CEO through the pandemic; Uber's drivers were independent contractors eligible for PPP sole-proprietor loans and Pandemic Unemployment Assistance.
Other company
Kickstarter
Events, venues, and creator marketplaces
Oversight and enforcement
Alex Kiles
Counsel on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis in its first year, by way of Covington and House Oversight, now Lead Counsel for Policy at…
Executive
Alex Kinnier
Co-founder and CEO of Upside (formerly GetUpside), a cash-back retail-promotions platform; an advocacy signatory whose company was a PPP borrower but not a…
PPP
Executive
Nir Klar
A co-founder and continuing CTO of BlueVine.
PPP
Official · SBA
John W. Klein
SBA's institutional authority on the size-standard and affiliation rules that defined who counted as a "small business" eligible for PPP and…
PPPEIDL
Executive
Robert Kramer
Emergent BioSolutions chief executive when its Baltimore Bayview plant made COVID-19 vaccine for Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca.
Official · Treasury
Michael Kipp Kranbuhl
Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets at Treasury, the senior Office-of-Financial-Markets seat over the office…
Other programs
Oversight and enforcement
Raja Krishnamoorthi
Member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis in the 117th Congress (D-IL).
PPPEIDL
Executive
Luke LaHaie
Executive of The Loan Source, which purchased and serviced PPP loans originated by other lenders.
PPPPPPLF
Oversight and enforcement
Brian M. LaMacchia
Assistant U.S. Attorney in Massachusetts named on the Kabbage PPP False Claims Act resolution.
PPP
Lobbyist
Larry C. Lavender
Registered lobbyist (Lavender Consultants) on Enova-related Senate Lobbying Disclosure Act filings, including 2022 filings that list pandemic-relief statutes.
PPP
Executive
Doug Lebda
LendingTree founder who built the largest U.S. online loan marketplace, pledged its net PPP proceeds to charity, and died in a 2025 accident.
PPP
Official · Treasury
David A. Lebryk
As Fiscal Assistant Secretary he oversaw the Bureau of the Fiscal Service, the bureau that operates the federal government's payment systems…
Executive
Albert Lee
Economist who founded Summit Consulting, the Washington analytics firm Treasury hired in April 2020 to support CARES Act programs such as the airline payroll…
Executive
Bastian Lehmann
Co-founder and CEO of Postmates, which Uber acquired in 2020.
Defendant
Manfred A. Pentzke Lemus
Guaynabo, Puerto Rico man described in court documents as the principal organizer of a COVID-19 relief fraud scheme charged with at least 272 fraudulent PPP…
PPPEIDL
Lender or loan platform
Lendio
Small-business loan marketplace / facilitator — not a lender of record.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Lendistry
Minority-led, technology-enabled Community Development Financial Institution and SBA small-business lender — lender of record on its own PPP book…
PPPPPPLFOther programs
Oversight and enforcement
Glenn Leon
Chief of the DOJ Criminal Division's Fraud Section during the PPP prosecutions; later a partner at Jenner & Block.
PPPEIDL
Other company
Lever
Labor-market and HR software
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Samuel Levine
Director of the FTC's Bureau of Consumer Protection when the agency filed the Womply and Biz2Credit cases.
PPP
Defendant
Howard Levy
A Bronx man who, prosecutors said, ran a $14.7 million PPP application scheme with Glenroy Walker; he pleaded guilty in August 2024 and was sentenced in May…
Vendor or contractor
LexisNexis Risk Solutions
Data, analytics, identity-verification and fraud-screening provider to government agencies, lenders and insurers; part of RELX.
PPPUnemployment insurance
Official · Treasury
J. Nellie Liang
Under Secretary for Domestic Finance — oversaw Treasury's Domestic Finance bureaus (recovery programs, financial institutions, Fiscal…
Executive
Eyal Lifshitz
Founder and CEO of Bluevine, which reports facilitating roughly $8.9 billion in PPP loans through partner banks; Bluevine is one of the companies examined in…
PPP
Executive
Brent Lillard (GovSmart, Inc.)
Co-founder and CEO of GovSmart, Inc., a Charlottesville IT reseller that received SVOG-related follow-on contract work and took a $580,300 PPP loan.
PPPOther programs
Executive
Jason Lloyd
President and CEO of WebBank, a Salt Lake City industrial bank that originated 119,182 PPP loans worth about $3.18 billion (SBA loan-level data as compiled in…
PPP
Official · SBA
Kelly Loeffler
SBA Administrator since Feb. 20, 2025, and, as a 2020 senator, a vote for the CARES Act; under her the SBA has announced suspensions of PPP and EIDL borrowers…
PPPEIDL
Lawyer or judge
Stuart R. Lombardi
Willkie Farr & Gallagher litigation partner who tried Womply's JAMS arbitration against the PPP lender Benworth, which ended in a corrected award of about…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Sarah E. Loucks
DOJ Fraud Section trial attorney named on the Kabbage False Claims Act resolution.
PPP
Official · Congress
Blaine Luetkemeyer
The Missouri congressman led House Small Business Committee Republicans in 2021 and 2022.
PPPEIDL
Executive
Tobi Lutke
Shopify chief executive through the pandemic e-commerce surge.
Other company
Lyft
Rideshare platform that guided drivers to public benefits but did not build a PPP lender funnel.
Unemployment insurance
Defendant
Hardell Mack
A New Orleans man who pleaded guilty in March 2026 to four fraudulent PPP loans, a mail-fraud conspiracy that got $625,310 in Employee Retention Credit money…
PPPERC
Executive
Kyle Mack
Co-founder and CEO of Middesk, a business-identity verification company; signatory of the March 24, 2020 fintech letter.
PPP
Other company
Magic Leap
Augmented-reality hardware
Executive
Chip Mahan
Founder, chairman and chief executive of Live Oak Bancshares, the Wilmington, North Carolina parent of Live Oak Bank.
PPP
Executive
Howard Makler
Chief executive of Innovation Refunds, an Employee Retention Credit firm that charged clients a share of their refunds; in December 2022 he warned businesses…
ERC
Defendant
Raheel Malik
A Sugar Land, Texas man who pleaded guilty in November 2021 in the Amir Aqeel PPP ring, waited more than two years for sentencing and received 18 months in…
Oversight and enforcement
Nicole Malliotakis
Minority member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (R-NY) and of its 118th-Congress successor.
Oversight and enforcement
Carolyn Maloney
Chair of the House Committee on Oversight and Reform, 2019–2023, and a member of the Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (D-NY-12; in the House…
Executive
Matt Maloney
Grubhub co-founder and chief executive through the pandemic and the company's $7.3 billion sale to Just Eat Takeaway.com.
Executive
Matthew "Matt" Mandell
Co-founder, with Taylor Hendricksen, and chief executive of Paynerd, the marketing firm that, per Blueacorn's…
PPP
Official · SBA
William Manger
Ran/oversaw the operational launch of the Paycheck Protection Program in April 2020; frequent SBA spokesperson on PPP.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Ed Markey
Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship in the 119th Congress (D-MA).
PPP
Executive
Bernardo Martinez
Career small-business-lending executive who ran Funding Circle's U.S. arm when it became a PPP lender of record…
PPP
Executive
Jose Martinez
President of Prestamos CDFI, LLC and Executive Vice President for Economic Development at Chicanos Por La Causa.
PPPPPPLF
Executive
Controversial
Rafael Martinez
CEO and primary owner of MBE Capital Partners, a New York nonbank PPP lender.
PPPPPPLF
Other company
Matterport
The 3D-scanning company laid off about a third of its staff in April 2020, took and repaid a $4.3 million PPP loan within weeks, and grew revenue 87% that year.
PPP
Defendant
Alvin Maxwell
A Texas business owner sentenced to 18 months in prison, the shortest term of the five defendants in a Southern District of New York PPP fraud case…
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
MBE Capital Partners
MBE Capital Partners, LLC ("MBE"), a non-bank SBA-approved lender, originated 36,633 PPP loans worth about $823 million and collected roughly $70 million in…
PPPPPPLF
Official · Treasury
Brent J. McIntosh
Treasury's General Counsel until 2019 and then its nominee and Under Secretary for International Affairs — a senior Treasury principal on…
Oversight and enforcement
Jeffrey Ryan McLaren
A DOJ trial attorney on the Blueacorn prosecution.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Stanton McManus
Justice Department bankruptcy lawyer for the United States in Kabbage's Chapter 11, where the government kept its False Claims Act options open while the PPP…
PPP
Defendant
Marcus Dushun McMillian-Bonner
One of seven Las Vegas men indicted separately in June 2026 over PPP and EIDL loans that, by prosecutors' count, total $205,639 across all seven; he is…
Executive
Doug McMillon
Walmart chief executive from February 2014 to January 2026.
Lawyer or judge
Terry R. Means
Senior U.S. District Judge for the Northern District of Texas; accepted James Flores's guilty plea and sentenced him in United States v. Flores (No…
PPP
Defendant
Halee Ann Mehlbauer
A Tooele, Utah woman the U.S. Attorney's Office called the ringleader of a PPP loan scheme run through businesses that did not exist; sentenced in December…
PPP
Executive
Apoorva Mehta
Instacart founder and chief executive through the 2020 grocery surge, when the company set out to add 300,000 contract shoppers in three months.
PPP
Reporter
Renae Merle
Merle covered the early PPP rollout, including stories about the rocky launch, emergency-loan delays, and community-bank implementation.
PPP
Executive
Tomer Michaeli
A co-founder of Fundbox, a PPP lender of record; no enforcement action naming him is on the public record.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Brian D. Miller
Special Inspector General for Pandemic Recovery from June 2020 until the office's statutory term ended on March 27, 2025.
Other programs
Official · SBA
John Miller
Deputy Associate Administrator in SBA's Office of Capital Access during PPP — the career official supporting the Associate Administrator on…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Linda Miller
Deputy Executive Director of the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee; later anti-fraud practitioner and recurring congressional witness.
PPPEIDLUnemployment insuranceOther programs
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Wendy Miller
An FTC consumer-protection attorney who signed the Biz2Credit complaint.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Mariannette Miller-Meeks
Minority member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (R-IA) and of its 118th-Congress successor; physician.
Other company
Mindbody
Fitness and wellness software
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Mindee
Document-processing and OCR software sold as an API to developers.
PPP
Official · Treasury
Stephen I. Miran
Political Senior Advisor in Treasury's Office of Economic Policy who supported SBA's PPP implementation and was the corresponding author of…
PPP
Official · Treasury
Steven T. Mnuchin
Treasury Secretary holding the statutory CARES Act Title IV / Exchange Stabilization Fund authority ($500B) over Federal Reserve…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Lisa Monaco
Deputy Attorney General who stood up DOJ's COVID-19 Fraud Enforcement Task Force.
PPPEIDL
Official · SBA
Rafaela Monchek
A career disaster-recovery executive in the SBA office that ran COVID-EIDL — signing the disaster declarations that open EIDL lending and…
PPPEIDL
Executive
Joel Montaniel
Co-founder and CEO of SevenRooms, which DoorDash acquired for about $1.2 billion in 2025; signatory of the March 24, 2020 fintech letter.
Official · Treasury
Brian P. Morrissey Jr.
Treasury's #2 lawyer (Principal Deputy General Counsel until April 2021), who by his own account and Sidley's "led multiple…
PPP
Executive
Brian Moynihan
Bank of America chair and chief executive during PPP, unemployment-benefit card disputes, and the large-bank pandemic-relief hearings.
PPPUnemployment insurance
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Beth Mueller
Investigations counsel — later Chief Counsel — on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis who arrived from Kirkland & Ellis and is now…
PPP
Reporter
Caitlin Mullen
Banking Dive senior editor; her May 2024 story covered the Kabbage / KServicing False Claims Act settlements.
PPP
Defendant
Amos Mundendi
A Texas man sentenced to 42 months in prison for his part in a Southern District of New York PPP fraud conspiracy that, according to prosecutors, tried to…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Allison Friedrich Murphy
Chief Oversight Counsel of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis from 2020; partner at Kirkland & Ellis since June 2021.
Official · Treasury
Justin G. Muzinich
Treasury's day-to-day lead on the CARES Act Title IV / Exchange Stabilization Fund support for the Federal Reserve's Section 13(3)…
Other company
Namely
Labor-market and HR software
Lobby or trade group
NAPEO
The trade association for professional employer organizations, the payroll firms that filed Employee Retention Credit claims for their clients on single…
ERC
Executive
Controversial
Bernardo Navarro
Founder of Benworth Capital Partners, which originated 311,022 PPP loans worth about $4.23 billion in 2021 through Womply's Fast Lane platform.
PPPEIDLPPPLF
Lender or loan platform
Navy Federal Credit Union
The military credit union made 10,723 PPP loans averaging $22,327.
PPP
Other company
NCTC (National Content & Technology Cooperative, formerly National Cable Television Cooperative)
A Kansas purchasing cooperative that said it represented more than 700 independent cable and broadband operators.
ERC
Lender or loan platform
Newtek Small Business Finance
A non-bank SBA lender owned by Newtek Business Services, now NewtekOne.
PPP
Lobbyist
Rob Nichols
President and CEO of the American Bankers Association during PPP.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Northeast Bank
Northeast Bank of Portland, Maine originated $3.3 billion of PPP loans, sold them on and used its charter to help The Loan Source buy $11.24 billion more.
PPP
Official · Treasury
Eric A. Van Nostrand
Acting / "performing the duties of" Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy through the late recovery phase — led the Treasury office…
Vendor or contractor
Numerated
Bank-facing commercial lending and loan-origination software company.
PPP
Lawyer or judge
Reed O'Connor
U.S. District Judge for the Northern District of Texas; presided over United States v. Reis and Hockridge (No. 4:24-cr-287-O) and granted emergency relief in…
PPPOther programs
Executive
Kevin O'Leary
The "Shark Tank" investor whom Bottom Line Concepts' chief executive called one of its "brand ambassadors" for Employee Retention Credit filings.
ERC
Executive
Dan O'Malley
CEO of Numerated, whose software banks used to process PPP applications.
PPP
Other company
Ola
Mobility
Other company
Omega Accounting Solutions
An Orange County accounting firm that turned into an Employee Retention Credit processor: 24 employees about two years before March 2023, 175 by then, with…
ERC
Lender or loan platform
OnDeck
Online small-business lender; formerly independent public company, now a brand of Enova International.
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Onfido / Entrust
Document and biometric identity-verification provider.
PPP
Other company
OnPay
An Atlanta payroll company that took a $657,832 PPP loan in April 2020, reporting 46 jobs, and had it forgiven that December.
PPP
Other company
Opendoor
Opendoor laid off 600 people, 35 percent of its staff, on April 15, 2020, while stay-at-home orders shut most of the country.
Lawyer or judge
William H. Orrick III
Senior U.S. District Judge for the Northern District of California; assigned FTC v. OTO Analytics, Inc. and Toby Scammell (No. 3:24-cv-01661).
PPP
Defendant
Vinath Oudomsine
Georgia man who pleaded guilty to wire fraud over an $85,000 Economic Injury Disaster Loan, $57,789 of which bought a 1999 first-edition Charizard Pokémon…
EIDL
Defendant
Brian T. Owen
The president of a bankrupt Bossier City, Louisiana oilfield consulting company who intercepted its Employee Retention Credit checks, about $3.8 million, and…
ERC
Executive
Allison Page
Allison Page co-founded SevenRooms in 2011 and is its chief product officer.
Lobbyist
Liz Pancotti
Economic-policy analyst whose March 20, 2020 plan for Employ America asked states to replace 100% of lost wages for most unemployed workers.
Other company
Pared
Restaurant staffing
Executive
Doug Parker
Chairman and chief executive of American Airlines Group through the pandemic, when the airline took Payroll Support Program money and a Treasury loan, and…
Other programs
Official · Labor
Douglas L. Parker
Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health in the Biden administration.
Official · Treasury
Bimal V. Patel
Treasury's Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions during PPP's first round; his May 20, 2020 Exchequer Club remarks on PPP and CARES…
PPP
Defendant
Nishant Patel
The manager of a Houston trucking company that got a $474,993 PPP loan on false payroll figures; he supplied about 195 fake payroll checks, paid Amir Aqeel a…
Executive
Rushi Patel
Co-founder of Homebase; signatory of the March 24, 2020 fintech letter.
Official · Congress
Rand Paul
Kentucky's Republican senator tested positive for the coronavirus days before the CARES Act vote and missed it.
PPP
Other company
Paychex
The payroll company sold an "Employee Retention Tax Credit Service" that found credits in wages already paid and filed amended returns to claim them; for its…
ERC
Other company
Paynerd
Marketing / lead-generation company (not a lender; not a lender service provider).
PPP
Lender or loan platform
PayPal
Public digital-payments company.
PPP
Defendant
Lakisha Pearson
Owner of Unity Tax Express in Holly Springs, Mississippi, who filed Employee Retention Credit claims totaling nearly $47 million for people who, prosecutors…
PPPERC
Other company
Peek
Travel and hospitality
PPP
Other company
Peerspace
The venue-booking marketplace laid off most of its staff in March 2020, then took a $1,502,007 PPP loan, of which $528,788.42 was forgiven.
PPP
Defendant
Ligia María Lemus De Pentzke
A defendant in a Puerto Rico PPP and EIDL ring who, the indictment says, collected kickbacks and passed them on.
PPPEIDL
Defendant
Jesus Acosta Perez
A Houston diesel-repair and trucking owner whose two companies received $391,300 in PPP loans in 2020; he passed half of one loan to a co-conspirator and used…
Executive
Zach Perret
Plaid co-founder and CEO; Plaid's account-verification API was used in fintech PPP lending, and the Justice Department sued in 2020 to block Visa's…
PPP
Official · SBA
Tami Perriello
SBA Chief Financial Officer; Acting Administrator of the SBA from January 20 to March 17, 2021.
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Persona
Identity-verification software company (Persona Identities, Inc.), selling government-ID, selfie, database and watchlist checks through an API.
PPP
Executive
Controversial
Kathryn Petralia
Co-founder and former president of Kabbage.
PPP
Official · Congress
Dean Phillips
Minnesota Democrat who wrote the PPP Flexibility Act in May 2020 and chaired the House Small Business oversight subcommittee's hearings on PPP, the pandemic…
PPPOther programs
Defendant
Jaleel Phillips
A 25-year-old Capitol Heights, Maryland man sentenced to 30 months in federal prison over fraudulent COVID-19 loans and unemployment benefits.
Oversight and enforcement
Noah Phillips
Republican FTC Commissioner during the early pandemic period; left the Commission before the Womply matter and joined Cravath.
Defendant
Joff Stenn Wroy Philossaint
A 25-year-old Fort Lauderdale man, born in Haiti, who ran a $3.8 million COVID-19 relief fraud scheme while concealing it during his naturalization interview…
Lawyer or judge
Jorge L. Piedra
Managing partner of Kozyak Tropin & Throckmorton; counsel for respondent Benworth Capital Partners in the JAMS arbitration and in Benworth's petition to…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Paul Pietschner
Paul Pietschner is the relator in United States ex rel.
PPP
Official · SBA
Christopher M. Pilkerton
SBA's General Counsel and, until Jovita Carranza was confirmed, its Acting Administrator — but he moved to the White House in March…
Vendor or contractor
Plaid
Financial-data network that connects bank accounts to apps and verifies account details for fintechs and lenders.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
PNC Bank, N.A.
The PPP's third-largest lender by dollars, $17.3 billion in 119,352 loans.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Kenneth Polite
Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division, 2021–2023, whose Fraud Section prosecuted PPP cases; later a partner at Sidley Austin.
PPPEIDL
Vendor or contractor
Controversial
Pondera Solutions (Thomson Reuters)
Fraud-analytics vendor to government benefit programs; a Thomson Reuters business since March 2020.
Unemployment insurance
Defendant
Controversial
Adrienne Ponzo
A Bear, Delaware woman who prepared fraudulent PPP and EIDL applications in a multi-state COVID-19 relief fraud scheme — at large when charged in July 2023…
PPPEIDL
Other company
Postmates
Delivery platform with internal courier relief, merchant acquisition relief, and no loan-access platform.
PPPUnemployment insurance
Executive
Nader Pourhassan
Former CytoDyn chief executive; charged by the SEC and indicted by DOJ over statements about the drug leronlimab, including as a COVID-19 treatment; convicted…
PPP
Defendant
Donnat Powell
A Paterson, New Jersey man charged in the $14.7 million Glenroy Walker PPP scheme and sentenced in November 2023 to time served.
Official · Federal Reserve
Jerome H. Powell
Jerome H. Powell chaired the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System during the 2020 pandemic shock.
PPPLF
Defendant
Kelli Prather
A Cincinnati woman who sought more than $1.2 million in PPP and EIDL loans, received about $19,800 and was sentenced to 84 months in prison; three of her EIDL…
PPPEIDL
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Prestamos CDFI / Chicanos Por La Causa
Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI); lending arm of a large Hispanic nonprofit.
PPPPPPLF
Official · Federal Reserve
Randal K. Quarles
Board voting records show Quarles voting with Chair Jerome H. Powell and the other governors on the April 8, 2020 establishment of the PPPLF.
PPPPPPLF
Official · White House
Natalie Quillian
Quillian's role was pandemic-response operations, not PPP administration.
Defendant
Damian R. Raby
A Gonzales, Louisiana man who invented Baton Rouge-area businesses, got them employer ID numbers and bank accounts, and collected more than 30 IRS checks…
ERC
Defendant
Carnell Ragan
A Philadelphia man who recruited more than 20 people with idle or employee-less businesses and used their information to file payroll returns seeking over $20…
ERC
Executive
Sean Rahilly
Enova's senior in-house legal officer since 2013.
Lobbyist
Rebeca Romero Rainey
President and CEO of the Independent Community Bankers of America; ICBA statements in 2020 addressed PPP relaunch, extension, simplified forgiveness and…
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Rapid Finance
A Bethesda small-business lender built the system that screened COVID-EIDL applications for SBA "in less than a second." As the second-tier subcontractor it…
EIDL
Oversight and enforcement
Jamie Raskin
Member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis in the 116th and 117th Congresses (D-MD).
PPPEIDL
Lender or loan platform
Ready Capital
Public multi-strategy real estate finance company (mortgage REIT) with a nonbank SBA-lending arm.
PPPPPPLF
Other company
Redfin
On April 7, 2020 Redfin sent 41 percent of its agents home, most on furlough until September 1, and laid off 7 percent of its staff.
Unemployment insurance
Lender or loan platform
Regions Bank
Regions says it made about $6.2 billion of PPP loans.
PPP
Executive
Controversial
Nathan "Nate" Reis
Co-founder and first CEO of Blueacorn.
PPP
Other company
Remote Year
Travel and hospitality
Vendor or contractor
Controversial
RER Solutions, Inc.
Federal services contractor, Herndon, Virginia.
EIDL
Executive
Jacqueline Reses
Head of Square Capital from October 2015 to October 2020; Square reported facilitating more than $820 million in PPP loans to more than 76,000 small…
PPP
Official · IRS
Charles Rettig
IRS Commissioner during the pandemic filing seasons and the Economic Impact Payments. Pandemic-program role: 49th Commissioner of Internal Revenue — the…
Other programs
Executive
Max Rhodes
Co-founder and CEO of Faire, a wholesale marketplace for independent retailers; an advocacy signatory whose company was not a PPP lender or processor.
Lobbyist
Clarine Nardi Riddle
Kasowitz Benson Torres lawyer and lobbyist whose Senate Lobbying Disclosure Act filings list her on Biz2Credit's CARES Act and PPP-related work.
PPP
Other company
RigUp / Workrise
Labor-market and HR software
PPPEIDLUnemployment insurance
Other company
Ritual
Ritual, a Toronto-based app for ordering lunch and coffee ahead from restaurants near offices, laid off 196 people, 54 percent of its staff, on April 2, 2020.
Defendant
Controversial
Eric Rivera
A Norcross, Georgia man charged as the orchestrator of a multi-state COVID-19 relief fraud scheme, accused of recruiting businesses into the fraud and taking…
PPP
Official · SBA
James Rivera
Career head of the SBA office that ran the COVID-19 EIDL program; as Acting Administrator during the 2021 transition, signed the American Rescue…
PPPEIDL
Executive
Jason Robins
DraftKings co-founder, chief executive and controlling shareholder.
Defendant
Timmy G. Robinson Jr.
The founder and owner of Addiction Recovery Care, an eastern Kentucky drug-treatment chain, indicted in June 2026 on charges that he sold the company's two…
ERC
Lawyer or judge
Jennifer L. Rochon
U.S. District Judge for the Southern District of New York; assigned FTC v. Biz2Credit, Inc. and Itria Ventures LLC (No. 1:24-cv-02001).
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Rocket Loans
Detroit personal-loan company in Dan Gilbert's Rocket group that sat between RER Solutions and Rapid Finance on SBA's COVID-EIDL processing contract and kept…
EIDL
Reporter
Tony Romm
Economic policy correspondent at The New York Times; at The Washington Post (2018–2025) he reported the December 1, 2022 story on the House fintech PPP report…
PPP
Official · Federal Reserve
Eric S. Rosengren
Boston Fed materials identify Rosengren as president of the Reserve Bank that administered the Main Street Lending Program.
Other programs
Executive
Ryan Rosett
Founder and co-CEO of Credibly, a Michigan non-bank small-business finance company; signatory of the March 24, 2020 fintech letter.
PPP
Official · SBA
Michael Roth
SBA senior advisor from mid-January to late March 2021, as the Paycheck Protection Program ran its last round.
PPP
Executive
Rodolpho R. Pagesy Roussel
A San Juan business banker the indictment calls "El Banquero," who pleaded guilty in September 2024.
PPPEIDL
Other company
Rover
Rover, the Seattle pet-sitting marketplace, got an $8,123,540 PPP loan approved April 15, 2020 that SBA lists as paid in full on August 21, 2021.
PPP
Official · Congress
Marco Rubio
Senate Small Business chairman who helped turn the emergency small-business bill into PPP, then publicly defended PPP as the central payroll bridge of the…
PPPEIDL
Reporter
Patrick Rucker
Capitol Forum reporter on bank regulation whose July 20, 2020 story, "Senate Democrats Ask Banking Regulator to Explain Handling of 'Redlining'…
PPP
Executive
Mark Ruddock
CEO of BFS Capital from November 2018; signed the March 24, 2020 fintech letter and later said publicly why BFS Capital did not make PPP loans.
Defendant
Dinesh Sah
A Texas man who submitted 15 fraudulent PPP loan applications to eight lenders using 11 companies, obtaining roughly $17.3 million of a $24 million scheme —…
PPP
Other company
Samsara
Samsara, a Bay Area maker of connected sensors and cameras for fleets, laid off 300 employees, about 18 percent of its staff, in May 2020.
Other company
Sandbox VR
Location-based entertainment
PPP
Executive
Everett Sands
Founder and CEO of Lendistry (B.S.D. Capital, Inc.), a CDFI lender that originated 206,724 PPP loans and later administered state relief-grant programs…
PPPOther programs
Defendant
Controversial
Sieff Robert Sargeant
One of five people charged by complaint on July 19, 2023, in a multi-state COVID-19 relief program bank-fraud conspiracy in New Jersey, accused of signing PPP…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Steve Scalise
Ranking Member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (R-LA).
Executive
Controversial
Toby Scammell
Chief executive of Womply, the small-business software company that argued in March 2020 for sending emergency relief…
PPP
Lobbyist
Audrey Fix Schaefer
Communications director of the Washington, D.C. venue company I.M.P., who ran communications for the National Independent Venue Association through the Save…
Other programs
Official · Treasury
Laurie S. Schaffer
Treasury's senior career lawyer during the 2021 relief-oversight phase — appointed Principal Deputy General Counsel (Feb 2021) and…
PPPOther programs
Executive
Charlie Scharf
Wells Fargo chief executive since October 2019.
PPP
Defendant
Richard Dean Schiele Jr.
An Independence, Missouri man who formed a company in April 2023 and that same month filed nine quarterly payroll returns claiming $1,392,716 in COVID credits…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Zachary Schram
Former chief counsel on a Senate fraud-oversight staff; later in intelligence-agency and oversight-policy roles.
PPPEIDLUnemployment insurance
Lawyer or judge
Lisa M. Schweitzer
Cleary Gottlieb senior counsel; counsel for the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco in its suit against Benworth.
PPPLF
Defendant
Nathan Jeffry Scott
One of seven Las Vegas men indicted separately in June 2026 over PPP and EIDL loans that, by prosecutors' count, total $205,639 across all seven; he is…
Official · SBA
Dianna L. Seaborn
As Director of the Office of Financial Assistance she owned SBA's 7(a)/PPP loan policy and was the named signatory on the PPP Procedural…
PPP
Executive
Adam Seery
Co-founder, president and CEO of Harvest Small Business Finance, a non-bank SBA lender that originated 408,173 PPP loans worth about $8.19 billion (SBA…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Diane Seol
District of Massachusetts attorney named on the Kabbage PPP False Claims Act resolution.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
ServisFirst Bank
An Alabama business bank that made 7,395 PPP loans averaging $198,967 and became the lead defendant in the first agents' lawsuit over PPP fees.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Jeanne Shaheen
Chair of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship in the 118th Congress (D-NH).
Lawyer or judge
Gregg Shapiro
Boston False Claims Act lawyer and former federal prosecutor; counsel of record on three PPP qui tam suits filed in 2024–2025, including Integra Research…
PPP
Executive
Moti Shatner
A co-founder of BlueVine, which facilitated PPP loans through partner banks.
PPP
Executive
Tia Sherringham
DoorDash's General Counsel and Secretary since January 2022, in the role through the company's 2025 acquisition of SevenRooms.
Defendant
Eric Shibley
Former Seattle doctor convicted by a jury in November 2021 on fifteen counts of wire fraud, bank fraud and money laundering over 26 PPP and 13 EIDL…
PPPEIDL
Executive
Eyal Shinar
Founder of Fundbox, a PPP lender of record (13,505 loans per SBA data); now at Black Ore.
PPP
Official · SBA
Sheldon Shoemaker
Oversight continuity only.
Executive
Jay Sidhu
Founder and executive chairman of Customers Bancorp, one of the larger PPP lenders; previously built Sovereign Bancorp.
PPP
Executive
Sam Sidhu
CEO of Customers Bancorp since January 1, 2026 and president and CEO of Customers Bank; led the bank's PPP lending.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Signature Bank
New York bank, closed by state regulators on March 12, 2023, that made 9,614 PPP loans for $3.09 billion and five Main Street loans for $113.4 million.
PPPOther programs
Defendant
Shawn Michael Simmerer
The founder of a Florida "leadership training" company, Your 10 Life Foundation, who got more than $344,000 in forgiven PPP loans and more than $680,000 in…
PPPERC
Oversight and enforcement
Joseph Simons
Chairman of the FTC, 2018–2021, during the agency's early pandemic-relief consumer-protection cases; later returned to Paul, Weiss.
Oversight and enforcement
Leigha Simonton
U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Texas during the Blueacorn prosecution; later in private practice.
PPP
Executive
Evan Singer
CEO of SmartBiz, the SBA-lending marketplace that routed billions in PPP through partner banks.
PPP
Official · Federal Reserve
Daleep Singh
Head of the New York Fed's Markets Group from February 2020 to February 2021, when it ran the Fed's corporate-bond buying; later deputy national security…
Defendant
Harjeet Singh
Sentenced in January 2024 to five years of probation and $486,083 owed to the SBA: the one non-prison sentence among the nine Amir Aqeel PPP ring defendants…
Defendant
Oumar Sissoko
A Riverside County, California man convicted by a federal jury of misappropriating a $7.25 million PPP loan obtained for his company, Road Doctor California…
Executive
Aleya Siyaj
Co-owner and manager of the Center for COVID Control, named with Akbar Syed in state consumer-protection cases that ended in consent judgments in Arizona and…
Oversight and enforcement
Jon Skladany
Republican oversight counsel on the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis; previously House Oversight, House Financial Services and the IMF…
Defendant
Christopher Slater
A California man indicted in Harrisburg in July 2026 on charges that he recruited business owners and used their information to file at least 280 false…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Rebecca Kelly Slaughter
FTC Commissioner (Democrat); one of the three commissioners seated when the Commission authorized the Womply and Biz2Credit complaints 3-0, filed March 18…
Official · White House
Andy Slavitt
Slavitt's pandemic role was public-health response and communications, not PPP or EIDL administration.
Executive
Barry Sloane
Chairman and CEO of Newtek (now NewtekOne), whose Newtek Small Business Finance was a non-bank SBA 7(a) lender and PPP lender of record.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
SmartBiz
Online SBA-loan marketplace and bank-enabling technology platform; later an SBA lender under the SmartBiz Bank identity.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Andrew Smith
Director of the FTC Bureau of Consumer Protection, 2018–2020; Covington & Burling partner before and after.
Defendant
Diamond Blue Smith
A 36-year-old Miramar, Florida recording artist charged, alongside a Pennsylvania man, in a $24 million PPP fraud scheme that saw his Ferrari seized.
PPP
Official · Congress
Jason Smith
The Missouri Republican who chairs the House Ways and Means Committee.
ERC
Defendant
Controversial
Lisa Smith
A Cornelius, North Carolina woman who admitted, in a New Jersey federal case, to a multimillion-dollar COVID-19 relief fraud scheme involving at least 29 PPP…
PPP
Defendant
Thomas Smith
A Pewaukee, Wisconsin man sentenced to 57 months in prison and $960,000 in restitution after admitting he sought more than $1.2 million in PPP loans for eight…
PPP
Vendor or contractor
Socure
Socure sells the check that decides whether an online applicant is who they claim to be.
Unemployment insurance
Other company
Sojern
Sojern, a San Francisco company that sells advertising aimed at people planning trips, cut 300 employees, about half its staff, by April 6, 2020.
Other company
Sonder
Sonder, which leased apartments and small hotels to rent by the night, laid off or furloughed 400 employees, a third of its staff, in March 2020.
Executive
Rick Song
Co-founder and CEO of Persona, an identity-verification company used in Square Capital's and Womply's PPP application flows; Persona took no PPP loan.
PPP
Official · White House
Gene Sperling
As White House American Rescue Plan Coordinator (2021–2024) his work was implementation of the American Rescue Plan, including emergency rental assistance…
Other programs
Executive
Noah Spirakus
Co-founder and Chief Technology Officer of Blueacorn.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
Square
Public payments and financial-services company.
PPP
Defendant
Controversial
David Staveley
Pleaded guilty on May 17, 2021 to conspiracy to commit bank fraud and failure to appear (D.R.I. 1:20-cr-00074-MSM) over four PPP applications seeking…
PPP
Other company
Stenson Tamaddon
A Phoenix tax-credit firm that started out automating PPP forgiveness paperwork, moved into the Employee Retention Credit, and in May 2024 sued the IRS over…
PPPERC
Official · Treasury
James Y. Stern
One of two Deputy General Counsels at Treasury during the COVID response; per his own William & Mary bio he "played a major role in the…
Executive
Dan Stevens
Founder of Kickbox, a Dallas email-verification company used in Womply's PPP application flow; Kickbox took a $186,400 PPP loan from Harmony Bank that SBA…
PPP
Official · SBA
Matthew ("Matt") Stevens
SBA's SVOG Program Director — the operational lead and public spokesperson for the $16.25B Shuttered Venue Operators Grant after its…
Other programs
Lobbyist
Scott G. Stewart
CEO of the Innovative Lending Platform Association since 2017; ILPA's 2020 Senate LDA reports list lobbying on PPP and EIDL extension and loan forgiveness.
PPPEIDL
Other company
Stimulus Geeks
A Michigan consulting business that pitched Paycheck Protection Program applications in 2021 and that the affiliate network iHub lined up to handle the…
PPPERC
Other company
Stitch Fix
The online styling company cut about 1,400 California stylists in June 2020, a move it said was not caused by the pandemic, after lockdown orders closed some…
Other company
Stockwell AI
Stockwell AI, the Bay Area vending-cabinet startup first known as Bodega, told TechCrunch on June 15, 2020 that it would wind down on July 1.
Other company
StoneCo
StoneCo, the Brazilian card-payments company, said in May 2020 it had given merchant clients R$30 million in relief and R$100 million in microloans.
Defendant
James Stote
Hollywood, Florida man who, with a manager of professional football players, led a nationwide PPP fraud scheme in which he submitted or facilitated at least…
PPP
Other company
StubHub
Viagogo closed its purchase of StubHub from eBay on February 13, 2020, weeks before live events stopped.
Reporter
Jenny Surane
Surane and Faux reported that Kabbage cut off business credit lines as cash needs mounted at the beginning…
Other company
Swiggy
Swiggy's income from operations fell to ₹25,469 million in the year to March 2021 from ₹34,681 million after India's lockdown.
Executive
Akbar Syed
Co-owner, with his wife Aleya Siyaj, of the Center for COVID Control, a testing chain with about 300 sites whose partner lab had been reimbursed more than…
Other company
Synergi Partners
A Florence, South Carolina tax-credit consultant whose Employee Retention Credit contracts called its fee a "contingency fee" but made it due when Synergi…
ERC
Lender or loan platform
Synovus Bank
A Georgia regional bank that made 27,777 PPP loans for $3.8 billion and reported $137.8 million in PPP fees over three years.
PPP
Executive
Stanley Tang
DoorDash co-founder and director; Head of DoorDash Labs when the company went public in December 2020.
Lender or loan platform
TD Bank, N.A.
The American bank of Toronto-Dominion made 133,140 PPP loans for $12.3 billion, only for existing customers.
PPP
Executive
Vlad Tenev
Robinhood co-founder and chief executive during the 2020–2021 retail-trading surge, the January 2021 GameStop trading restrictions and the February 2021 House…
Defendant
Isaiah Aaron Tenryk
A Brooklyn man who opened a Boston bank account in the stolen name of a New Jersey corporate executive and deposited that executive's company's Employee…
ERC
Defendant
Marietta Terabelian
Encino woman convicted at trial in June 2021 in the Los Angeles PPP and EIDL fraud ring organized by her husband, Richard Ayvazyan; she absconded with him…
PPPEIDL
Lender or loan platform
The Loan Source, Inc.
Non-bank SBA lender of record / PPP secondary-market buyer and warehouse.
PPPPPPLF
Oversight and enforcement
Pamela Thiessen
Former Senate Republican oversight staff director; later a registered lobbyist.
Defendant
Darrell Thomas
Johns Creek, Georgia man whom federal prosecutors called the mastermind of an Atlanta scheme that obtained 14 fraudulent PPP loans totaling about $11.1…
PPPEIDL
Defendant
Kristopher Thomas
A California state prisoner serving 50 years to life for a 2010 murder, charged in 2024 with running, from his cell at Kern Valley State Prison, a conspiracy…
ERC
Other company
Thumbtack
Thumbtack, the marketplace that matches customers with local painters, handymen, DJs and tutors, announced on March 30, 2020 that it had laid off 250 employees.
PPP
Other company
Toast
Toast, the Boston restaurant point-of-sale and payments company, cut half its staff in April 2020: its IPO registration later put the reduction at about 48…
Other programs
Defendant
Jason Toland
A Wheatland, California man who used shell companies with no employees to seek more than $11 million in Employee Retention Credit and sick-leave refunds and…
ERC
Defendant
Mackenzy Toussaint
The man a federal judge called the "ringleader" of a PPP and EIDL scheme that tried for more than $30 million; sentenced in November 2022 to 90 months in…
PPPEIDL
Executive
Melissa Townsley-Solis
Co-founder and CEO of GIACT Systems, the Allen, Texas account- and payment-verification company whose checks Blueacorn used in its PPP process; GIACT was…
PPP
Other company
TriNet
A professional employer organization that files payroll taxes for small businesses under its own name, and so filed their Employee Retention Credit claims too.
ERC
Other company
TripActions / Navan
TripActions, a Palo Alto business-travel booking company now called Navan, earned a fee each time a client's employee booked a trip.
Other company
Tripadvisor
On April 28, 2020 Tripadvisor's chief executive and co-founder, Stephen Kaufer, told staff in a town hall that the company was cutting a quarter of its global…
Executive
Tashu Trivedi (TFC Consulting, Inc.)
Founder of TFC Consulting, Inc., a CPA and financial-management firm that held an 8(a) SBA fraud-mitigation contract and took a $67,700 PPP loan.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Philip Trout
Acting Assistant Chief in the DOJ Fraud Section, listed by DOJ among the prosecutors of Blueacorn co-founder Stephanie Hockridge.
PPPEIDL
Lender or loan platform
Truist Bank
Formed by the BB&T–SunTrust merger four months before PPP opened, Truist lent $16.2 billion in 117,956 PPP loans.
PPP
Executive
Will Tumulty
CEO of Rapid Finance (Rapid Financial Services), owned by Rockbridge Growth Equity; Rapid built the automated decisioning system used for SBA's COVID-EIDL…
EIDL
Oversight and enforcement
Larry D. Turner
The Department of Labor Inspector General who produced the pandemic unemployment-insurance fraud estimates and was removed in January 2025.
Unemployment insurance
Other company
Turo
Turo laid off 108 employees, 30 percent of its staff, as shelter-in-place orders stopped car rentals in spring 2020.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
U.S. Bank, N.A.
The only one of eight large lenders examined by a House subcommittee that let non-customers apply for PPP loans from the first day.
PPP
Other company
Uber
Gig platform that built a PPP access path for drivers through Kabbage, while not lending itself.
Defendant
Ammas Uddin
A Richmond, Texas man sentenced in February 2024 to 18 months in prison and $498,415 in restitution to the SBA.
Defendant
Arham Uddin
The youngest of six Houston-area men sentenced together in February 2024 in the Amir Aqeel PPP ring: 18 months in prison and $491,664 in restitution, owed…
Lender or loan platform
United Community Bank
A Southeastern regional bank that made 16,442 PPP loans for $1.7 billion; four other banks share its name in the SBA file.
PPP
Other company
Unplugged Media
A Puerto Rico company whose name and address sat in the privacy policy of a Bottom Line Concepts ERC website.
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Carlos Felipe Uriarte
Chief Counsel for Investigations of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis (2020 – April 2021); later Senate-confirmed Assistant Attorney…
Defendant
Jonatan Ben David Prieto Ruiz De Val
The courier of a Puerto Rico PPP and EIDL ring, alias "Johnny Millones," who delivered kickbacks, took $123,000 in loans himself and was the first of six…
PPPEIDL
Other company
Velocity Global
A Denver employer-of-record company that took a $2,046,300 PPP loan in April 2020, reporting 116 jobs, and had $2,068,638.78 forgiven in May 2021.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Nydia Velázquez
Member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis and Chair of the House Small Business Committee, which has jurisdiction over the SBA (D-NY).
Other company
Vensure Employer Solutions
A Chandler, Arizona HR and PEO company that in June 2026 said it had persuaded the IRS to split aggregate Employee Retention Credit claims filed by PEOs, so…
ERC
Official · CMS
Seema Verma
CMS Administrator through the pandemic response; on March 17, 2020 CMS expanded Medicare telehealth payment under section 1135 waiver authority.
Executive
Mike Vichich
Co-founder and CEO of Wisely, a restaurant customer-intelligence company later bought by Olo; now building Pursuit, a govtech startup.
PPP
Executive
Thiruvendran "Thiru" Vignarajah
Chief executive of Capital Plus Financial, LLC from August 2021 through 2023; former Deputy Attorney General of Maryland.
PPP
Executive
John Waldmann
Co-founder and CEO of Homebase, whose hourly-work data the March 24, 2020 fintech letter quoted.
Defendant
Glenroy Walker
A New Rochelle, New York man who, with Howard Levy, filed more than 100 PPP applications seeking $14.7 million; a jury convicted him on all five counts in…
PPP
Executive
Stuart Wall
Co-founder and CEO of Signpost, an SMB marketing-automation company whose platform was bought by Hibu in 2023; later a venture partner at Bowery Capital.
Defendant
Renata Walton
Owner of R&B Tax Express in Moscow, Tennessee, who pleaded guilty in March 2026 to a scheme that claimed nearly $80 million in Employee Retention Credits…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Hannibal "Mike" Ware
SBA Inspector General — the independent watchdog whose office produced the fraud estimates for PPP and COVID-EIDL, including the finding…
PPPEIDL
Official · Congress
Elizabeth Warren
Massachusetts Democratic senator who, with Nydia Velázquez, asked the SBA and Treasury inspectors general on April 23, 2020 to investigate how the Paycheck…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Maxine Waters
Member of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis and Chair of the House Financial Services Committee in the 117th Congress (D-CA).
Executive
Rick Wayne
Northeast Bank chief executive during PPP, when the Maine bank earned PPP-related fee income reported by American Banker.
PPP
Lender or loan platform
WebBank
Utah-chartered industrial bank; banking-as-a-service originating bank for fintech brand partners.
PPPPPPLF
Lender or loan platform
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
Wells Fargo published its PPP fees: about $420 million on 2020 loans, which it gave to community lenders and nonprofits, and about $270 million on 2021 loans…
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Brad Wenstrup
Chairman of the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Pandemic during the 118th Congress and the name attached to the 520-page Republican after-action…
Official · IRS
Daniel Werfel
IRS Commissioner from 2023 to January 2025 who ordered the September 2023 moratorium on new Employee Retention Credit claims and ran the agency's review of…
ERC
Defendant
Controversial
James Wessels
A Middletown, Delaware man charged with creating fake payroll checks and fraudulent tax forms in a multi-state COVID-19 relief fraud scheme.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Robert A. Westbrooks
PRAC — chaired by DOJ IG Michael Horowitz — was created to coordinate inspectors general across the federal pandemic-spending…
Oversight and enforcement
Matthew Weybrecht
Assistant U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Texas on the Blueacorn prosecution.
PPP
Defendant
Gary Wheeler
A Mount Vernon, New York businessman who received $412,375 in PPP loans for three companies through the Glenroy Walker and Howard Levy scheme.
PPP
Defendant
Attallah Williams
A Hampton, Georgia woman who worked first as an SBA loan officer and then as an IRS tax examining technician, and used both jobs to push through fraudulent…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Damian Williams
U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York during the office's pandemic-relief fraud prosecutions.
PPPEIDL
Official · Treasury
Jeffrey Tyler Williams ("Tyler Williams")
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions Policy at Treasury during President Trump's first term.
Defendant
Keith Williams
The West Hempstead, New York owner of a credit-repair storefront called Credit Reset, charged in January 2025 as the lead defendant in what the Justice…
ERC
Oversight and enforcement
Roger Williams
Chairman of the House Committee on Small Business (R-TX-25).
PPPEIDLOther programs
Reporter
Derek Willis
Data journalist; co-author of ProPublica's May 2021 investigation of PPP loans to fake farms and co-builder of its "Tracking PPP Loans" database.
PPP
Oversight and enforcement
Christine S. Wilson
Republican FTC Commissioner who resigned in 2023, accusing Chair Khan of "disregard for the rule of law and due process."
Official · Treasury
Catherine D. Wolfram
Acting Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy in 2021 — ran the Treasury office that published the department's recovery analysis…
Lender or loan platform
Controversial
Womply
Womply built the machine that carried the smallest businesses in America through the last round of PPP — more than 1,293,428 loans, more than $19.74 billion…
PPP
Other company
Wonderschool
Wonderschool laid off 50 people, 75 percent of its staff, in March 2020, when shelter-in-place orders emptied the in-home preschools it ran on.
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Katherine Worthman
An FTC consumer-protection attorney who signed the Womply complaint.
PPP
Executive
Tony Xu
DoorDash co-founder and CEO; DoorDash went public in December 2020, and its couriers are independent contractors.
Executive
Matt Yahes
Chief Operating Officer of Blueacorn.
PPP
Official · Treasury
Janet L. Yellen
Treasury Secretary who took office after PPP/EIDL were running and led Treasury's implementation of the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA, March…
PPPOther programs
Other company
Yelp
On April 7, 2020 Yelp's board approved a restructuring plan that cut about 1,000 jobs, 17 percent of the staff, put more employees on furlough and cut salaries.
Oversight and enforcement
Betty Young
Eastern District of Texas prosecutor on both halves of the Kabbage PPP False Claims Act file: the 2024 settlement with the bankrupt lender and the…
PPP
Executive
Eric Yuan
Founder and chief executive of Zoom, whose revenue for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 rose 326% to $2.65 billion.
Oversight and enforcement
Alex B. Zerden
Counsel to the House Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis, June 2020 – May 2021; founder of Capitol Peak Strategies.
Other company
Zeus Living
Travel and hospitality
PPP
Official · White House
Jeff Zients
Zients ran pandemic-response administration, not PPP or EIDL.
Executive
John Zimmer
Lyft co-founder and president through the pandemic; Lyft's drivers were independent contractors eligible for PPP and Pandemic Unemployment Assistance, and…
Lender or loan platform
Zions Bancorporation
A J.P. Morgan analyst ranked Zions the 21st-largest U.S. bank by assets and the ninth-largest PPP lender.
PPPOther programs
Other company
Zipcar
Avis Budget Group's car-sharing brand cut about 20% of its staff in the spring of 2020, the year its parent terminated about 4,300 employees and lost $684…
Other company
ZipRecruiter
The online jobs marketplace cut 492 employees in March 2020, about 39% of its staff, and reported $86.0 million of net income for the year.
Other company
Zoox
In the first week of April 2020 Zoox, a self-driving startup said to be worth more than $3 billion, laid off almost all of its contract workers, including the…
Oversight and enforcement
Controversial
Evan R. Zullow
An FTC financial-practices attorney who signed the Biz2Credit complaint.
PPP
Lobby or trade group
1607 Strategies
Washington government-relations firm founded by Travis Johnson; Senate LDA and House lobbying records list Cross River Bank as a client across 2020 and later…
PPP
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Sub-categories of the directory
Fraud defendants 108
- Hamza Abbas
- Elias Santino Acereto
- Minister Zakar Ali
- Syed Ali
- Shan Anand
- Lonnise Janelle Andrews
- Muhammad Anis
- Amir Aqeel
- Vivian Arriaga
- Artur Ayvazyan
- Richard Ayvazyan
- Sherril Baez
- Yasha Barjona
- Sheyland Juakeen Barnett
- Zachary Bassett
- Allison Marie Baver
- Apocalypse Bella
- Robert Benlevi
- Augusto A. Lemus Berríos
- Wayne Bessant
- Aziz Hassan Bey
- Letez Osiris Bey
- Keyaira Bostic
- Carlos Manfredo Pentzke Chamorro
- Ross Charno
- Andre Clark
- Michael Cota
- Tamara Dadyan
- Meelad Dezfooli
- Divine-Seven El
- Kendra Michelle Eley
- Lisa Evans
- Abdul Fatani
- Maurice Fayne
- Leland Fishback
- James Sean Freeman II
- Kenneth Gaughan
- Norma Getten
- Ryan Glidewell
- Candies Goode-McCoy
- Kevin J. Gregory
- Yves Garry Harrison-Pierre
- Leon Haynes
- David T. Hines
- Austin Hsu
- Casie Hynes
- Ashley Clark Ingram
- William Ingram
- Tarik Jaafar
- Brandon Jackson
- Dantavious Jackson
- Nadine Consuelo Jackson
- Sniders Jean-Jacques
- Rudolph Johnson
- Tonye Johnson
- Tyrone Tatrice Johnson
- Manfred A. Pentzke Lemus
- Howard Levy
- Hardell Mack
- Raheel Malik
- Alvin Maxwell
- Marcus Dushun McMillian-Bonner
- Halee Ann Mehlbauer
- Amos Mundendi
- Vinath Oudomsine
- Brian T. Owen
- Nishant Patel
- Lakisha Pearson
- Ligia María Lemus De Pentzke
- Jesus Acosta Perez
- Jaleel Phillips
- Joff Stenn Wroy Philossaint
- Adrienne Ponzo
- Donnat Powell
- Kelli Prather
- Damian R. Raby
- Carnell Ragan
- Eric Rivera
- Timmy G. Robinson Jr.
- Dinesh Sah
- Sieff Robert Sargeant
- Richard Dean Schiele Jr.
- Nathan Jeffry Scott
- Eric Shibley
- Shawn Michael Simmerer
- Harjeet Singh
- Oumar Sissoko
- Christopher Slater
- Diamond Blue Smith
- Lisa Smith
- Thomas Smith
- David Staveley
- James Stote
- Isaiah Aaron Tenryk
- Marietta Terabelian
- Darrell Thomas
- Kristopher Thomas
- Jason Toland
- Mackenzy Toussaint
- Ammas Uddin
- Arham Uddin
- Jonatan Ben David Prieto Ruiz De Val
- Glenroy Walker
- Renata Walton
- James Wessels
- Gary Wheeler
- Attallah Williams
- Keith Williams
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