Pandemic Darlings The pandemic economy, in original documents
Home Court filings Pennsylvania Voters Alliance v. Centre County Defendants' Response to Second Supplemental TRO Memorandum — PA Voters Alliance v. Cent…

Court filing

Defendants' Response to Second Supplemental TRO Memorandum — PA Voters Alliance v. Centre County

Filed October 20, 2020 in Pennsylvania Voters Alliance v. Centre County; one of 21 filings from this case.

Record facts

CourtU.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
Filed2020-10-20

U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania · No. 4:20-cv-01761-MWB · Doc. 64 · 2020-10-20 · Docket on CourtListener

Full text

DMEAST #42580205 v3 
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 
FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA 
 
PENNSYLVANIA VOTERS 
ALLIANCE, et. al.,  
Plaintiffs, 
v. 
CENTRE COUNTY, et. al.,  
Defendants. 
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
: 
Civil Action No. 4:20-cv-01761-MWB 
(Judge Matthew W. Brann) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DEFENDANT COUNTIES’ RESPONSE TO PLAINTIFFS’ SECOND 
SUPPLEMENTAL MEMORANDUM IN SUPPORT OF THEIR MOTION 
FOR A TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At 6:15 p.m. last night, Plaintiffs filed a 17-page substantive brief, 
their third in support of their Motion for a Temporary Restraining Order.  
Defendant Counties were surprised by this filing, as they understood this Court as 
only having granted permission to submit supplemental authority that was 
unavailable at the time the parties submitted their prior briefs.  (Hrg. Tr. 99:10–13; 
100:7–11 (“MR. ROGERS: We would like to submit, Your Honor, the decision 
that was issued today by the District Court in Minnesota.  THE COURT: Yeah, 
that’s fine . . . .  Same thing, Mr. King and company, and if there’s something else 
you think that I should look at that you want to draw my attention, in particular a 
Case 4:20-cv-01761-MWB   Document 64   Filed 10/20/20   Page 1 of 7

 
DMEAST #42580205 v3 
2 
decision of another court, just send it in.”)).  Defendant Counties are constrained to 
respond briefly to the new arguments advanced in Plaintiffs’ latest memorandum. 
I. 
Plaintiffs Fail to Plead a Concrete Injury-in-Fact 
Plaintiffs now seek to overcome their inability to establish standing 
based not on any statute or court decision but on the fraudulent 2018 election in 
North Carolina’s Ninth Congressional District.  Plaintiffs warn that, just as that 
congressional district was unrepresented in Congress until a special election was 
held, similar events will transpire here in some unidentified Pennsylvania 
jurisdiction because of the grants at issue.  But that North Carolina election differs 
decisively from the grants under challenge here, which are not themselves 
elections.  And there is no evidence that the grants will unlawfully influence 
election results.   
As Plaintiffs are forced to acknowledge in their most recent 
memorandum, the invalidation in North Carolina occurred because 1) there was 
election fraud; 2) leading the House Majority Leader to publicly state that the 
House of Representatives would not swear in the candidate who “won” the 
fraudulent election; and 3) North Carolina’s Board of Elections refused to certify 
the election results.  (Pl’s 2nd Supp. Memo at 2–3 (Dkt. No. 63)).  Plaintiffs have 
not alleged, much less pointed to any evidence, that any of those occurrences have 
happened or are likely to happen in Pennsylvania due to the challenged grants.  
Case 4:20-cv-01761-MWB   Document 64   Filed 10/20/20   Page 2 of 7

 
DMEAST #42580205 v3 
3 
Absent such a showing, Plaintiffs’ alleged harm is insufficiently concrete and far 
too speculative to confer standing.  See Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus, 573 
U.S. 149, 157–58 (2014).   
II. 
Plaintiffs Still Do Not Have a Private Cause of Action 
Plaintiffs’ additional authority fails to show that there is a private 
cause of action under the Elections Clause.  Instead, they repeatedly incant the 
phrase “federal common law” and invoke the rarely-used All Writs Act as though 
they can somehow create a cause of action mysteriously overlooked by every 
federal court in which Plaintiffs have attacked these grants.  None of the cases they 
cite bears any resemblance to the circumstances presented here, which as noted in 
Defendant Counties’ prior memoranda, simply do not implicate federal law.   
III. 
Plaintiffs Misapply Dillon’s Rule  
The remainder of Plaintiffs’ brief attempts to base a preemption 
argument on the Elections Clause and Dillon’s Rule.  They fail on both grounds.  
Plaintiffs’ Election Clause argument ignores controlling Supreme Court and Third 
Circuit precedent construing the term “manner” of elections to apply to various 
matters of election administration not including funding (see Defts.’ Resp. at 24 
(Dkt. No. 37), citing Cook v. Gralike, 531 U.S. 510, 523-24 (2001); Farina v. 
Nokia, Inc., 625 F.3d 97, 115 (3d Cir. 2010)).  And Dillon’s Rule is inapposite 
Case 4:20-cv-01761-MWB   Document 64   Filed 10/20/20   Page 3 of 7

 
DMEAST #42580205 v3 
4 
here.  Dillon’s Rule is a state law doctrine, not yet another branch of “federal 
common law” (Pl.’s 2nd Supp. Mem. at 8), and thus is inapplicable to these claims.  
See, e.g., Pa. Rest. & Lodging Ass'n v. City of Pittsburgh, 211 A.3d 810, 816 (Pa. 
2019).  In fact, Plaintiffs cite no federal case even using the term “Dillon’s Rule,” 
let alone applying that doctrine as a basis for federal preemption.  Thus, Dillon’s 
Rule provides no ticket to federal court, nor can it fill the gap in Plaintiffs’ 
preemption theory that multiple federal courts have already identified as a basis to 
deny identical claims.  Second, even if Dillon’s Rule could somehow be imported 
into federal jurisprudence for purposes of this novel challenge, it would not apply 
here because Pennsylvania’s Election Code requires counties to fund election 
administration.  25 Pa. Stat. Ann. §§ 2641(a), 2642, 2645.  Moreover, 
Pennsylvania’s County Code provision on “fiscal affairs” states that “[t]he 
commissioners may take by gift, grant, devise or bequest any money or property, 
real, personal or mixed, for the benefit of the county.”  16 Pa. Stat. Ann. § 1784.1.  
Thus, it could not be a violation of Dillon’s Rule for Defendant Counties to do 
what the Commonwealth expressly authorized them to do – administer and fund 
elections. 
 
 
Case 4:20-cv-01761-MWB   Document 64   Filed 10/20/20   Page 4 of 7

 
DMEAST #42580205 v3 
5 
IV. 
Conclusion 
For the foregoing reasons, as well as the reasons set forth in 
Defendant Counties’ prior memoranda and at oral argument, Defendant Counties 
respectfully request this Court to deny Plaintiffs’ Motion for a Temporary 
Restraining Order.    
Dated:  October 20, 2020  
/s/ Edward D. Rogers 
Edward D. Rogers (No. 69337)      
Terence M. Grugan (No. 307221)        
Elizabeth V. Wingfield (No. 324277) 
BALLARD SPAHR LLP  
1735 Market Street, 51st Floor 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania  19103 
Phone: (215) 665-8500  
Facsimile: (215) 864-8999  
Attorneys for Defendant Delaware County 
 
 
/s/ Jerry R. DeSiderato 
Jerry R. DeSiderato (Pa. Id. No. 201097) 
Timothy J. Ford (Pa. Id. No. 325290) 
Claire Blewitt Ghormoz (Pa. Id. No. 320816) 
DILWORTH PAXSON LLP 
1500 Market Street, Suite 3500E 
Philadelphia, PA 19102 
Tel.: (215) 575-7000 
Fax: (215) 575-7200 
Counsel for Defendant City of Philadelphia 
 
/s/ Molly Meacham 
Molly Meacham (Pa. Id. No. 318272) 
BABST, CALLAND, CLEMENTS AND 
ZOMNIR, P.C. 
Two Gateway Center, 9th Floor 
603 Stanwix Street 
Pittsburgh, PA 15222 
Case 4:20-cv-01761-MWB   Document 64   Filed 10/20/20   Page 5 of 7

 
DMEAST #42580205 v3 
6 
Tel.: (412) 394-5400 
 
Elizabeth A. Dupuis (Pa. Id. No. 80149) 
BABST, CALLAND, CLEMENTS AND 
ZOMNIR, P.C. 
330 Innovation Boulevard, Suite 302 
State College, PA 16803 
Tel.: (814) 867-8055 
Counsel for Defendant Centre County 
 
 
 
Case 4:20-cv-01761-MWB   Document 64   Filed 10/20/20   Page 6 of 7

 
DMEAST #42580205 v3 
7 
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE  
The undersigned hereby certifies that a true and correct copy of the 
foregoing Response to Plaintiffs’ Second Supplemental Memorandum was filed 
and served on October 20, 2020 via the Court’s CM/ECF system. 
Dated: October 20, 2020 
/s/ Edward D. Rogers  
Edward D. Rogers 
 
Case 4:20-cv-01761-MWB   Document 64   Filed 10/20/20   Page 7 of 7

File and source

File
gov.uscourts.pamd.126465.64.0.pdf
Size
235,232 bytes
SHA-256
574cafc1068743cb3d982a26c176a3a9b815f267a2eb5e5b87d8b57f66c1ed15
Our copy
gov.uscourts.pamd.126465.64.0.pdf
Original
archive.org
Back to top