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Pandemic Programs by Dollars Obligated

The 25 assistance listings that obligated the most COVID-19 supplemental money, out of 529 in the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee's funding table.

How this list is built

The PRAC's agency funding table carries an assistance listing (the CFDA program number and title) on every row. The archive downloaded the file on 18 September 2026. This list groups its 1,482 rows by the assistance-listing number in the file's cfdanumber column, sums the obligated and outlayed columns, and ranks by obligations. The file prints 1,478 different title strings for those 529 numbers, and 975 of the rows carry a title that runs several listings together, so the title is not the unit. Where a listing's titles are all combined ones, the title shown here is the segment of the combined label that carries that listing's number. The awarding-agency column names the agency where one agency accounts for the whole listing, and counts agencies where more than one does.

Unit ranked: the assistance listing, identified by its number. Metric: obligated dollars funded by COVID-19 supplementals. Universe: 529 assistance listings, $2422.74B obligated in total; the 25 below are $2247.31B of it, 92.8 percent. Vintage: PRAC file as downloaded 18 September 2026.

The 25 largest programs

#Assistance listingAwarding agencyObligatedOutlayed
1Paycheck Protection Loan Program (PPP)Small Business Administration$811.58B$811.57B
2Education Stabilization FundDepartment of Education$277.09B$272.08B
3Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery FundsDepartment of the Treasury$242.72B$349.76B
4HRSA COVID-19 Claims Reimbursement for the Uninsured Program and the COVID-19 Coverage Assistance FundDepartment of Health and Human Services$167.58B$167.58B
5Coronavirus Relief FundDepartment of the Treasury$149.84B$149.86B
6Supplemental Nutrition Assistance ProgramDepartment of Agriculture$105.70B$98.06B
7Disaster Grants - Public Assistance (Presidentially Declared Disasters)Department of Homeland Security$63.00B$11.04B
8Coronavirus Relief - Pandemic Relief for Aviation WorkersDepartment of the Treasury$58.88B$58.92B
9Federal Transit Formula GrantsDepartment of Transportation$51.94B$58.26B
10Child Care and Development Block Grant2 agencies$51.88B$51.24B
11Disaster Assistance LoansSmall Business Administration$44.65B$44.63B
12Pension Plan Termination InsurancePension Benefit Guaranty Corporation$35.00B$34.70B
13Restaurant Revitalization FundSmall Business Administration$28.53B$28.53B
14Economic Injury Disaster Loan Emergency AdvanceSmall Business Administration$27.60B$27.16B
15Airport Improvement ProgramDepartment of Transportation$19.88B$19.73B
16Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Investigations and Technical AssistanceDepartment of Health and Human Services$18.42B$10.89B
17Shuttered Venue Operators Grant ProgramSmall Business Administration$14.54B$14.59B
18Presidential Declared Disaster Assistance to Individuals and Households - Other NeedsDepartment of Homeland Security$13.94B$0.10B
19Disabilities PreventionDepartment of Health and Human Services$11.56B$9.37B
20Coronavirus Capital Projects FundDepartment of the Treasury$10.00B$1.66B
21Highway Planning and Construction2 agencies$9.75B$8.51B
22Immunization Research, Demonstration, Public Information and Education Training and Clinical Skills Improvement ProjectsDepartment of Health and Human Services$9.07B$6.46B
23Emergency Capital Investment ProgramDepartment of the Treasury$8.57B$8.57B
24Health Center Program (Community Health Centers, Migrant Health Centers, Health Care for the Homeless, and Public Housing Primary Care)Department of Health and Human Services$8.05B$8.13B
25National School Lunch ProgramDepartment of Agriculture$7.52B$7.52B

What this measures, and what it does not

An assistance listing is an accounting label, not a program as the public knows it. Umbrella listings hide their own internals: the Paycheck Protection Program is a single row for a program of more than eleven million loans, while relief delivered inside a block grant is invisible under the block grant's name. Titles are reproduced from the file, with only their capitalisation normalised.

Obligations are commitments, not cash paid. Loan guarantees and grants both enter at the amount obligated, so a dollar of guaranteed lending and a dollar of grant rank alike.

Anything USAspending does not carry is absent, including tax-side relief such as the Employee Retention Credit.

Sources

  • PRAC, Track the money: data
  • File as held: agency-funding-data.xlsx, the PRAC agency funding table as downloaded 18 September 2026 (sha256 4ae70be9ff6bbfdc…)
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