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Home Court filings United States v. James Lomax Defendant's Sentencing Memorandum — U.S. v. Lomax (S.D. W. Va.)

Court filing

Defendant's Sentencing Memorandum — U.S. v. Lomax (S.D. W. Va.)

Filed July 24, 2025 in U.S. v. James Lomax; one of 11 filings from this case.

Record facts

CourtU.S. District Court, Southern District of West Virginia
Filed2025-07-24

U.S. District Court, Southern District of West Virginia · No. 2:25-cr-00057 · Doc. 26 · 2025-07-24 · Docket on CourtListener

Full text

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT  
FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF WEST VIRGINIA  
CHARLESTON 
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 
v. 
CRIMINAL NO. 2:25-cr-00057 
JAMES LOMAX 
DEFENDANT’S SENTENCING MEMORANDUM  
Pursuant to this Court’s April 23, 2025 Order, Defendant James Lomax submits this 
Sentencing Memorandum.   
Mr. Lomax is a 33-year-old resident of Hurricane, West Virginia, where he lives with his 
parents.  He has significant health problems that prevent him from working, living alone, and 
maintaining any semblance of a normal life.  In 2020, Mr. Lomax was a salesman at Charleston 
Suzuki.  The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant downturn in all retail, including car 
dealerships.  Mr. Lomax was laid off, and like many of his colleagues he applied for unemployment 
compensation through the state, which was subsidized by the federal CARES act to keep workers 
like Mr. Lomax afloat during this downturn.  As stipulated, Mr. Lomax returned to work at 
Charleston Suzuki but continued to collect unemployment benefits for three months as if he was 
still unemployed.  This was wrong.  It is important to note, however, that Mr. Lomax’s pay at 
Charleston Suzuki was largely commission based, and the car business did not turn around during 
the months of May, June, and July 2020. 
Mr. Lomax collected $13,000 in unemployment benefits to which he was not entitled, but 
he never got rich.  He paid his bills, supported his child, and used this income to cover basic needs 
such as food and transportation.  In light of the circumstances of the offense, Mr. Lomax’s health, 
Case 2:25-cr-00057     Document 26     Filed 07/24/25     Page 1 of 5 PageID #: 71

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and the rest of the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors, Mr. Lomax urges this Court to sentence him to a 
term of probation. 
A. 
The nature and circumstances of the offense and the history and 
characteristics of the defendant weigh in favor of probation. 
The COVID-19 pandemic gave rise to lucrative fraud schemes all over the country.  Bad 
actors created fictious employers and employees using stolen PII to collect over $30 million,1
underreported millions of dollars of income to obtain federal COVID-relief, 2 and allegedly 
falsified tax returns claiming more than $600 million in COVID-related credits.3  Mr. Lomax’s 
conduct was not only small in terms of its price tag, but also in terms of its criminal effort.  There 
was no conspiracy, there was no creation of fictious records, and there was no elaborate plan to 
trick the government and evade detection.  Rather, Mr. Lomax was properly receiving 
unemployment benefits, and for an additional three months continued to receive them.  His only 
affirmative action driving this offense was wrongfully checking a box agreeing that he was 
unemployed when he was prompted.  While wrong, these actions were not motivated by greed but 
by the same fear and uncertainty that many felt during those early months of the pandemic, and a 
need to provide for his family.  His wrongful conduct was also not rewarded with a lavish lifestyle, 
but by the continued ability to afford basic needs. 
Mr. Lomax’s health should also be a significant, and perhaps the most significant, 
consideration in his sentence.  Over the last year, Mr. Lomax has been diagnosed with diabetes, 
blood clots, anemia, and congestive heart failure.  Over the course of this prosecution, Mr. Lomax 
1 https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/three-sentenced-30-million-covid-19-unemployment-fraud 
2 https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/california-restaurant-owner-sentenced-covid-19-and-tax-fraud-
schemes 
3 https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/seven-charged-nations-largest-covid-19-tax-credit-scheme 
Case 2:25-cr-00057     Document 26     Filed 07/24/25     Page 2 of 5 PageID #: 72

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has been hospitalized at least monthly and recently learned that he needs a heart transplant.4  It 
currently takes the daily efforts of his family, multiple medical institutions, and a small pharmacy 
to keep him alive.  Mr. Lomax represents to this Court that he has been unable to get on the heart 
transplant list while this case is pending due to concerns about a potential prison sentence.  Even 
a short prison sentence would be detrimental to his health and would require more government 
resources than are available.  
B. 
The sentencing purposes are served through probation.  
A sentence of probation would reflect the seriousness of the offense, promote respect for 
the law, and provide just punishment for the offense.  Comparatively, Mr. Lomax’s offense is not 
as serious as most COVID-19 era federal fraud, and the fact that he is being prosecuted at all will 
provide deterrence for anyone in his position—a non-criminal who is presented with the 
opportunity to make a misstatement in order to continue receiving minor benefits.  He is far from 
a danger to the community nor is he in need of rehabilitation, and a sentence of probation is the 
only way to ensure he receives the medical care he needs. 
C. 
Probation is available. 
Due to two criminal history points relating to an offense from age 18, Mr. Lomax has a 
criminal history category of two.  Combined with his offense level (which includes a 2-point 
reduction for acceptance of responsibility), his guidelines are 1-7 months and in Zone B.  
Assuming the government moves for the third point for acceptance, his guidelines move to 0-6 
months and into Zone A.  Either way, probation is a sentence available to this Court under  
§ 5B1.1(a) of the United States Sentencing Guidelines. 
4 See Exhibit 1, West Virginia Department of Human Services Disability/Incapacity Medical 
Assessment (confirming diagnosis of “Advanced Heart Failure” and noting limitations such as 
“can’t lift anything” and lacks “capacity to walk more than a few feet”; further noting “poor” 
prognosis with “life expectancy < 1 year”). 
Case 2:25-cr-00057     Document 26     Filed 07/24/25     Page 3 of 5 PageID #: 73

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D. 
A sentence of probation avoids sentencing disparities. 
On December 19, 2024, Mr. Lomax’s father, Gary Lomax, was sentenced to five years of 
probation for unlawfully collecting around $9,000 in unemployment benefits and $20,000 in PPP 
Loans.  United States v. Lomax, 2:24-cr-00114 (ECF No. 15, 29).  Gary Lomax’s offense was 
similar to Mr. Lomax’s, and of higher value.  His sentence reflects the district’s preference to 
reserve prison sentences to defendants with greater culpability, and who present a danger to the 
community or a risk of committing other crimes.  A sentence of probation for Mr. Lomax would 
comport with this district’s practices and avoid sentencing disparities. 
Respectfully submitted, 
JAMES LOMAX 
/s/ Gabriele Wohl 
 
Gabriele Wohl (WVSB #11132) 
BOWLES RICE LLP 
600 Quarrier Street 
Charleston, West Virginia 25301 
(304) 347-1100 
Fax: (304) 347-1756 
gwohl@bowlesrice.com
Case 2:25-cr-00057     Document 26     Filed 07/24/25     Page 4 of 5 PageID #: 74

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT  
FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF WEST VIRGINIA  
CHARLESTON 
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 
v. 
CRIMINAL NO. 2:25-cr-00057 
JAMES LOMAX 
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE  
I, Gabriele Wohl, hereby certify that on the 24th day of July, 2025, I filed the foregoing 
Sentencing Memorandum via the Court’s CM/ECF system, which will send notification of such 
filing to counsel of record as follows:  
Andrew Tessman, Esquire 
Assistant United States Attorney 
WV State Bar No. 7692 
300 Virginia Street, East 
Room 4000 
Charleston, West Virginia  25301 
/s/ Gabriele Wohl
Gabriele Wohl (WVSB #11132) 
17586952.1 
Case 2:25-cr-00057     Document 26     Filed 07/24/25     Page 5 of 5 PageID #: 75

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