The Association Between Food Insecurity and Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic — Supplementary File Table S1: Summary Statistics
Summary
The supplementary file to 'The Association Between Food Insecurity and Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic' by Di Fang, Michael R. Thomsen and Rodolfo M. Nayga, Jr., holding three statistical tables. Table S1 gives summary statistics for the full sample of 2714 respondents and for subsamples by SNAP use, age, children and race; mean depression scores run from 4.7 among those 60+ to 11.0 among those 18-39. Tables S2 and S3 report odds ratios for anxiety and depression by subsample, and the odds ratio for food insecurity runs from 3.21 to 4.36 across them, each marked significant at the 0.001 level.
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“The Association Between Food Insecurity and Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic — Supplementary File Table S1: Summary Statistics.”
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The Association Between Food Insecurity and Mental Health during the COVID-19
Pandemic
Di Fang, Michael R. Thomsen, Rodolfo M. Nayga, Jr.
supplementary file
Table S1: Summary Statistics
Full SNAP 18-39 40-59 60+ Children No Child Black Hisp. White
2714 1214 1102 717 895 887 1827 857 653 1130
m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d. m. s.d.
Depression 8.2 7.3 9.1 7.2 11.0 7.3 8.2 7.1 4.7 5.7 10.2 7.4 7.2 7.0 7.8 7.2 9.6 7.3 7.6 7.2
Anxiety 6.5 6.2 7.4 6.4 8.9 6.2 6.8 6.2 3.4 4.7 8.5 6.4 5.6 5.9 6.1 6.1 7.9 6.3 6.1 6.3
Food 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5
Insecure
Lost 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3
Job
Income 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.4
Stable
19 SNAP 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5
Add. 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4
SNAP
Add. 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1
SNAP
Amt.
WIC 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2
Alt. 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3
Meals
Char. 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4
Food
Unemp. 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2
Benefit
Table S1: Summary Statistics
Full SNAP 18-39 40-59 60+ Children No Child Black Hisp. White
Stimulus 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.4
Female 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.5
Age 46.8 18.6 45.2 17.4 27.3 6.3 50.0 6.2 68.3 5.7 36.2 13.4 51.9 18.6 44.1 18.5 37.9 15.9 54.4 17.3
Pop.<1k 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4
Pop.1- 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5
100k
Pop.>100k 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5
Married 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4
Num. 0.6 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.6 1.0 0.1 0.5 1.8 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.9
Chil-
20 dren
Black 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hispanic 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
White 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0
Less 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2
High
High 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5
School
Some 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5
College
College 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4
Higher
<$15,000 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5
Table S1: Summary Statistics
Full SNAP 18-39 40-59 60+ Children No Child Black Hisp. White
$15k- 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5
$29,999
$30k- 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4
$44,999
>$45,000 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2
Food 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3
Dessert
21
Table S2: Odds Ratio for Anxiety by Subsample
Dependent variable: Anxiety
SNAP age18-39 age40-59 age60+ children no-children black hispanic white
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
Food Insecure 3.64∗∗∗ 3.62∗∗∗ 3.41∗∗∗ 4.15∗∗∗ 4.36∗∗∗ 3.35∗∗∗ 3.60∗∗∗ 3.99∗∗∗ 3.54∗∗∗
Lost Job 1.25 1.30∗ 1.43 1.53 1.22 1.42∗ 1.21 1.23 1.56∗
Income Stable 0.89 0.87 0.98 0.77 0.93 0.86 0.80 0.94 1.08
SNAP 1.24 1.30 0.73 1.06 1.19 1.35 1.10 1.14
Add.SNAP 1.01 0.81 1.24 1.22 0.99 0.98 1.17 0.90 0.86
WIC 0.94 0.98 0.99 2.81 1.11 0.56∗ 1.08 0.68 0.71
Alt. Meals 1.08 1.15 1.41 0.47 1.21 1.04 1.04 1.10 0.99
Chari. Foods 1.15 1.38∗ 1.22 1.69∗∗ 1.20 1.56∗∗∗ 1.39∗ 1.71∗∗ 1.25
Unemp. Benefit 0.92 0.89 0.84 1.21 1.09 0.76 0.90 0.92 0.71
22 Stimulus 1.00 1.05 0.95 0.86 0.81 1.20 0.89 1.18 1.08
Female 1.24 1.32∗ 1.32 1.03 1.42∗ 1.19 1.08 1.76∗∗ 1.09
Age 0.96∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.96∗∗∗
Pop.> 100k 0.73 0.73 0.77 0.65 0.53∗∗ 0.85 0.77 0.53∗ 0.77
Pop.1k-100k 0.84 0.81 0.68 1.27 0.59∗∗ 1.02 0.79 0.67 0.99
Married 0.87 0.70∗ 0.89 0.84 0.84 0.90 0.78 0.94 0.88
Children 1.03 1.09 1.02 1.28 1.14 1.04 1.10
Black 1.06 1.14 0.88 0.55 1.47 0.78
Hispanic 1.33 1.40 1.95 0.81 2.33∗ 1.12
White 1.46 1.38 1.54 0.92 2.36∗ 1.21
High School 1.25 1.41 1.12 0.51 0.78 1.19 1.06 1.39 0.91
Some College 1.51 1.98∗ 1.31 0.58 1.08 1.38 1.28 2.20∗ 0.96
College Higher 1.22 1.47 1.36 0.77 0.93 1.43 1.09 1.66 1.24
15k-29,999 0.87 0.85 0.95 1.27 1.12 0.94 1.03 0.80 1.03
30k-44,999 0.79 0.94 0.90 1.44 1.06 1.02 1.12 1.03 0.87
>45k 0.89 0.91 0.47 0.14 0.66 1.48 1.28 0.49 0.54
Food Dessert 1.01 1.18 1.01 0.91 0.88 1.19 1.11 1.18 0.94
Observations 1,210 1,101 712 893 883 1,823 856 648 1,128
∗
Note: p<0.05; ∗∗ p<0.01; ∗∗∗ p<0.001
Table S3: Odds Ratio for Depression by Subsample
Dependent variable: Depression
SNAP age18-39 age40-59 age60+ children no-children black hispanic white
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
Food Insecure 3.50∗∗∗ 3.81∗∗∗ 3.52∗∗∗ 4.00∗∗∗ 4.03∗∗∗ 3.42∗∗∗ 3.21∗∗∗ 3.71∗∗∗ 3.76∗∗∗
Lost Job 1.30 1.18 1.39 1.95∗ 1.28 1.30 1.30 1.20 1.36
Income Stable 0.70∗∗ 0.72∗∗ 0.86 0.76 0.80 0.75∗∗ 0.74∗ 0.77 0.89
SNAP 1.27 1.10 0.93 1.10 1.09 1.19 1.21 1.03
Add.SNAP 1.02 0.82 1.16 1.17 0.92 1.07 1.24 0.72 1.01
WIC 0.97 0.97 1.01 1.91 1.04 0.61 1.15 0.61∗ 0.90
Alt. Meals 1.07 1.20 1.47 0.22∗ 1.12 1.35 1.14 1.25 0.95
Chari. Foods 1.22 1.31∗ 1.18 1.77∗∗ 1.11 1.60∗∗∗ 1.20 1.50∗ 1.53∗∗
Unemp. Benefit 0.76 0.98 0.82 0.83 1.16 0.73 1.05 0.85 0.69
23 Stimulus 1.08 1.00 0.91 0.92 0.83 1.11 0.88 1.20 0.93
Female 1.01 1.21 1.30 0.85 1.34 1.05 0.84 1.65∗∗ 1.06
Age 0.96∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗ 0.97∗∗∗
Pop.> 100k 0.80 0.78 0.97 0.99 0.67∗ 1.06 0.78 0.90 0.97
Pop.1k-100k 0.85 0.77 0.81 1.36 0.67∗ 1.08 0.70 1.00 1.06
Married 0.94 0.75∗ 0.87 0.80 0.89 0.89 0.72 0.85 0.97
Children 0.96 1.02 0.97 1.32 1.07 1.06 0.99
Black 0.84 1.03 0.63 1.27 1.33 0.70
Hispanic 1.02 1.20 1.25 1.54 2.02∗ 0.89
White 1.19 1.25 1.05 2.21 2.02∗ 1.14
High School 1.19 1.17 0.88 0.88 0.92 1.07 1.26 1.26 0.82
Some College 1.44 1.30 1.06 1.05 1.12 1.18 1.39 1.49 0.92
College Higher 1.23 1.10 0.74 1.29 1.04 1.09 1.28 1.10 1.00
15,000-29,999 0.86 0.72∗ 0.89 1.43∗ 0.82 0.98 1.03 0.66∗ 1.01
30,000-44,999 1.00 0.91 0.95 1.55 0.88 1.13 1.13 0.93 0.98
>45,000 0.80 0.80 0.47 0.27 0.56∗ 1.17 1.07 0.43∗ 0.58
Food Dessert 0.93 0.92 0.76 0.94 0.76 0.94 0.80 1.37 0.83
Observations 1,210 1,101 712 893 883 1,823 856 648 1,128
∗
Note: p<0.05; ∗∗ p<0.01; ∗∗∗ p<0.001
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