Department of Energy Science for the Future Act
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This is House Report 117-72 of the 117th Congress, 1st Session, titled Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, from the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed June 28, 2021. Ms. Johnson of Texas reports on H.R. 3593, to provide guidance for and investment in the research and development activities of the Department of Energy Office of Science, which the Committee reports favorably with an amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do pass. The amendment text begins with the mission of the Office of Science and a basic energy sciences program.
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Cite this document
“Department of Energy Science for the Future Act.”
Original at www.govinfo.gov. Archived at Pandemic Darlings, https://pandemicdarlings.com/source-documents/crpt-crpt-117hrpt72-crpt-117hrpt72/
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117TH CONGRESS REPORT
" HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES !
1st Session 117–72
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE
ACT
JUNE 28, 2021.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of
the Union and ordered to be printed
Ms. JOHNSON of Texas, from the Committee on Science, Space, and
Technology, submitted the following
R E P O R T
[To accompany H.R. 3593]
The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, to whom was
referred the bill (H.R. 3593) to provide guidance for and investment
in the research and development activities of the Department of
Energy Office of Science, and for other purposes, having considered
the same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment and rec-
ommends that the bill as amended do pass.
CONTENTS
Page
I. Amendment ................................................................................................. 2
II. Purpose of the Bill ...................................................................................... 30
III. Background and Need for the Legislation ................................................ 30
IV. Committee Hearings ................................................................................... 30
V. Committee Consideration and Votes ......................................................... 32
VI. Summary of Major Provisions of the Bill .................................................. 33
VII. Section-By-Section Analysis (By Title and Section) ................................. 33
VIII. Committee Views ........................................................................................ 37
IX. Cost Estimate .............................................................................................. 38
X. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate ............................................. 38
XI. Compliance with Public Law 104–4 (Unfunded Mandates) .................... 38
XII. Committee Oversight Findings and Recommendations ........................... 38
XIII. Statement on General Performance Goals and Objectives ...................... 38
XIV. Federal Advisory Committee Statement ................................................... 38
XV. Duplication of Federal Programs ............................................................... 38
XVI. Earmark Identification ............................................................................... 38
XVII. Applicability to the Legislative Branch ..................................................... 38
XVIII. Statement on Preemption of State, Local, or Tribal Law ........................ 39
XIX. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, As Reported ....................... 39
XX. Proceedings of Full Committee Markup .................................................... 105
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19–006
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I. AMENDMENT
The amendment is as follows:
Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the following:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy Science for the Future Act’’.
SEC. 2. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.
Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139) is
amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(d) USER FACILITIES.—The Director shall carry out the construction, operation,
and maintenance of user facilities to support the mission described in subsection (c).
As practicable, these facilities shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, the
academic community, and other relevant entities for the purposes of advancing the
missions of the Department, improving the competitiveness of the United States,
protecting public health and safety, and addressing other national priorities includ-
ing emergencies.
‘‘(e) COORDINATION.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary—
‘‘(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office of Science with the other
activities of the Department;
‘‘(B) shall support joint activities among the programs of the Department;
‘‘(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal agencies in supporting
advancements in related research areas as appropriate; and
‘‘(D) may form partnerships to enhance the utilization of and ensure ac-
cess to user facilities by other Federal agencies.
‘‘(2) OFFICE OF SCIENCE.—The Director—
‘‘(A) shall ensure the coordination of programs and activities carried out
by the Office of Science; and
‘‘(B) shall direct all programs which have not recently completed a future
planning roadmap consistent with the funding of such programs authorized
under the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act to complete
such a roadmap.’’.
SEC. 3. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM.
(a) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH AND INNOVATION ACT.—Section 303 of the
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18641) is amended—
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) as subsections (c) through (g),
respectively; and
(2) by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated, the following:
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the De-
partment of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out
a research and development program in basic energy sciences, including materials
sciences and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and
other disciplines, to understand, model, and control matter and energy at the elec-
tronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new en-
ergy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support the energy, envi-
ronment, and national security missions of the Department.
‘‘(b) SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY.—In carrying out chemistry-related research and de-
velopment activities under this section, the Director shall prioritize research and de-
velopment of sustainable chemistry to support clean, safe, and economic alternatives
and methodologies to traditional chemical products and processes.’’;
(3) in subsection (d)(3), as so redesignated—
(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end;
(B) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E); and
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following:
‘‘(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis and characterization
facilities that leverage advances in artificial intelligence; and’’;
(4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(4) ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE UPGRADE.—
‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph:
‘‘(i) FLUX.—The term ‘flux’ means the rate of flow of photons.
‘‘(ii) HARD X-RAY.—The term ‘hard x-ray’ means a photon with energy
greater than 20 kiloelectron volts.
‘‘(B) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Ad-
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vanced Photon Source described in the publication approved by the Basic
Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Fa-
cility Upgrades’, including the development of a multi-bend achromat lattice
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to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy re-
gion and a suite of beamlines optimized for this source.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the up-
grade under this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the
upgrade under this paragraph $157,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
‘‘(5) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE PROTON POWER UPGRADE.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the proton power up-
grade to the Spallation Neutron Source.
‘‘(B) PROTON POWER UPGRADE DEFINED.—For the purposes of this para-
graph, the term ‘proton power upgrade’ means the Spallation Neutron
Source power upgrade described in—
‘‘(i) the publication titled ‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A
Twenty-Year Outlook’, published by the Office of Science of the Depart-
ment of Energy in December, 2003;
‘‘(ii) the publication titled ‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on
Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’, published
by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy in August, 2007;
and
‘‘(iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory
Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Facility Upgrades’.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the up-
grade under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2028.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the
upgrade under this paragraph $49,800,000 for fiscal year 2022.
‘‘(6) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE SECOND TARGET STATION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for a second target station
for the Spallation Neutron Source.
‘‘(B) SECOND TARGET STATION DEFINED.—For the purposes of this para-
graph, the term ‘second target station’ means the Spallation Neutron
Source second target station described in—
‘‘(i) the publication titled, ‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A
Twenty-Year Outlook’, published by the Office of Science of the Depart-
ment of Energy in December, 2003;
‘‘(ii) the publication titled, ‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on
Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’, published
by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy in August, 2007;
and
‘‘(iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory
Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Facility Upgrades’.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the sec-
ond target station under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2030,
with the option for early operation in 2029.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the
activities under this paragraph, including construction—
‘‘(i) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $204,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(iv) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(v) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(7) ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE UPGRADE.—
‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph:
‘‘(i) FLUX.—The term ‘flux’ means the rate of flow of photons.
‘‘(ii) SOFT X-RAY.—The term ‘soft x-ray’ means a photon with energy
in the range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts.
‘‘(B) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Ad-
vanced Light Source described in the publication approved by the Basic En-
ergy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Facil-
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ity Upgrades’, including the development of a multibend achromat lattice
to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy re-
gion.
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‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the up-
grade under this paragraph occurs before September 30, 2029.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the
upgrade under this paragraph—
‘‘(i) $75,100,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(v) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(8) LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE II HIGH ENERGY UPGRADE.—
‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph:
‘‘(i) HIGH ENERGY X-RAY.—The term ‘high energy x-ray’ means a pho-
ton with an energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt range.
‘‘(ii) HIGH REPETITION RATE.—The term ‘high repetition rate’ means
the delivery of x-ray pulses up to 1 million pulses per second.
‘‘(iii) ULTRA-SHORT PULSE X-RAYS.—The term ‘ultra-short pulse x-rays’
means x-ray bursts capable of durations of less than 100 femtoseconds.
‘‘(B) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall—
‘‘(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light Source II fa-
cility described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy
Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘Report on Facility
Upgrades’, including the development of experimental capabilities for
high energy x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific discoveries; and
‘‘(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the production and use of high en-
ergy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition rate.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the up-
grade under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the
upgrade under this paragraph—
‘‘(i) $106,925,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $125,925,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(iv) $89,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(v) $49,344,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(9) CRYOMODULE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE FACILITY.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the construction of a
cryomodule repair and maintenance facility to service the Linac Coherent
Light Source II and upgrades to the facility. The Secretary shall consult
with the private sector, universities, National Laboratories, and relevant
Federal agencies to ensure that this facility has the capability to maintain,
repair, and test superconducting radiofrequency accelerator components.
‘‘(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the
activities under this paragraph—
‘‘(i) $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
‘‘(iv) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
‘‘(10) NANOSCALE SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTER RECAPITALIZATION PROJECT.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the recapitalization of
the Nanoscale Science Research Centers, to include the upgrade of equip-
ment at each Center supported by the Office of Science on the date of enact-
ment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, to accelerate
advances in the various fields of science including nanoscience, materials,
chemistry, biology, and quantum information science.
‘‘(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the
recapitalization under this paragraph—
‘‘(i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
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‘‘(iv) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.’’;
(5) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(h) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES.—
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‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support a program of research and de-
velopment for the application of advanced computing practices to foundational
and emerging research problems in chemistry and materials science. Research
activities shall include—
‘‘(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
‘‘(B) the use of large data sets to model materials phenomena, including
through advanced characterization of materials, materials synthesis, proc-
essing, and innovative use of experimental and theoretical data;
‘‘(C) co-design of chemical system and chemistry modeling software with
advanced computing systems and hardware technologies; and
‘‘(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies, and reactions such as
molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry, including through novel com-
puting methods.
‘‘(2) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES CENTERS.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the activities authorized under para-
graph (1), the Director shall select and establish up to six computational
materials and chemical sciences centers to—
‘‘(i) develop open-source, robust, and validated computational codes
and user-friendly software, coupled with innovative use of experimental
and theoretical data, to enable the design, discovery, and development
of new materials and chemical systems; and
‘‘(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and maximizing the benefits of
exascale and other high performance computing underpinned by accel-
erated node technologies.
‘‘(B) SELECTION.—The Director shall select centers under subparagraph
(A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Director shall consider ap-
plications from the National Laboratories, institutes of higher education,
multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
‘‘(C) DURATION.—
‘‘(i) A center selected under subparagraph (A) shall receive support
for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of estab-
lishment of that center, subject to the availability of appropriations.
‘‘(ii) A center already in existence on the date of enactment of the De-
partment of Energy Science for the Future Act may continue to receive
support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date
of establishment of that center.
‘‘(D) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any period of support of a center
under this subsection, the Director may renew support for the center, on
a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
‘‘(E) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing authorities of the De-
partment, the Director may terminate an underperforming center for cause
during the performance period.
‘‘(i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support the development of a web-based
platform to develop and provide access to a database of computed information
on known and predicted materials properties and computational tools to accel-
erate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
‘‘(2) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall—
‘‘(A) conduct cooperative research with industry, academia, and other re-
search institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and manipulation
of materials and facilitate the design of novel materials;
‘‘(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at user facilities that gen-
erate data to collect, analyze, label, and otherwise prepare the data for in-
clusion in the database;
‘‘(C) leverage existing high performance computing systems to conduct
high throughput calculations, and develop computational and data mining
algorithms for the prediction of material properties;
‘‘(D) strengthen the foundation for new technologies and advanced manu-
facturing; and
‘‘(E) drive the development of advanced materials for applications that
span the Department’s missions in energy, environment, and national secu-
rity.
‘‘(3) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall lever-
age programs and activities across the Department, including computational
materials and chemical sciences centers established under subsection (h).
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‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection
(j), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out activities under
this subsection $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
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‘‘(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated
to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section—
‘‘(1) $2,727,705,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $2,828,896,600 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $3,019,489,612 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $3,161,698,885 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $3,291,651,600 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
(b) ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.—Section 973 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
U.S.C. 16313) is amended—
(1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and inserting:
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated for Basic
Energy Sciences, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities
under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2031.’’;
and
(2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and inserting:
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated in section
316 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, the Secretary
shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection
$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’.
(c) ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.—Section 975 of the Energy Policy
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.16315) is amended—
(1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and inserting:
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated for Basic
Energy Sciences, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities
under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’;
(2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and inserting:
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated in section
316 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, the Secretary
shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection
$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’; and
(3) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and inserting:
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated in section
316 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, the Secretary
shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection
$20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’.
SEC. 4. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.
(a) PROGRAM; BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; BIOMOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND IMAG-
ING SCIENCE.—Section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is amended—
(1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the duties of the Director authorized under section 209
of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated
with the activities authorized under sections 303 and 304 of this Act, the Director
shall carry out a program of research and development in the areas of biological sys-
tems science and climate and environmental science, including subsurface science,
relevant to the development of new energy technologies and to support the energy,
environmental, and national security missions of the Department.
‘‘(b) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry out research and develop-
ment activities in genomic science including fundamental research on plants and
microbes to increase systems-level understanding of the complex biological systems,
which may include activities to—
‘‘(1) accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would enable the cost-
effective, sustainable production of—
‘‘(A) biomass-based liquid transportation fuels;
‘‘(B) bioenergy; and
‘‘(C) biobased materials from renewable biomass;
‘‘(2) improve fundamental understanding of plant and microbial processes im-
pacting the global carbon cycle, including processes for removing carbon dioxide
from the atmosphere, through photosynthesis and other biological processes, for
sequestration and storage;
‘‘(3) understand the microbiome mechanisms used to transform, immobilize,
or remove contaminants from subsurface environments;
‘‘(4) develop the computational approaches and integrated platforms for open
access collaborative science;
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‘‘(5) leverage tools and approaches across the Office of Science to expand re-
search to include novel processes, methods, and science to develop bio-based
chemicals, polymers, inorganic materials, including research to—
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‘‘(A) advance biosystems design research to advance the understanding of
how CRISPR tools and other gene editing tools and technologies work in
nature, in the laboratory, and in practice;
‘‘(B) deepen genome-enabled knowledge of root architecture and growth in
crops, including trees; and
‘‘(C) develop biosystems design methods and tools to increase the effi-
ciency of photosynthesis in plants; and
‘‘(6) develop other relevant methods and processes as determined by the Di-
rector.
‘‘(c) BIOMOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND IMAGING SCIENCE.—The Director shall
carry out research and development activities in biomolecular characterization and
imaging science, including development of integrative imaging and analysis plat-
forms and biosensors to understand the expression, structure, and function of ge-
nome information encoded within cells and for real-time measurements in eco-
systems and field sites of relevance to the mission of the Department of Energy.’’;
and
(2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as subsections (d) through (f),
respectively.
(b) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.—Section 977(f) of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(f)) is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(f) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the program under section 306(a) of the De-
partment of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Di-
rector shall support up to six bioenergy research centers to conduct funda-
mental research in plant and microbial systems biology, biological imaging and
analysis, and genomics, and to accelerate advanced research and development
of biomass-based liquid transportation fuels, bioenergy, or biobased materials,
chemicals, and products that are produced from a variety of regionally diverse
feedstocks, and to facilitate the translation of research results to industry. The
activities of the centers authorized under this subsection may include—
‘‘(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-relevant plants, microbes,
and associated microbial communities to enable high-impact, value-added
coproduct development at multiple points in the bioenergy supply chain;
‘‘(B) developing the science and technological advances to ensure process
sustainability is considered in the creation of biofuels and bioproducts from
lignocellulose; and
‘‘(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular biology, catalysis
science, chemical engineering, systems biology, and computational and ro-
botics technologies to sustainably produce and transform biomass into
biofuels and bioproducts.
‘‘(2) SELECTION AND DURATION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A center established under paragraph (1) shall be se-
lected on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than
5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations, beginning on the date
of establishment of that center.
‘‘(B) APPLICATIONS.—The Director shall consider applications from Na-
tional Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appro-
priate entities.
‘‘(C) EXISTING CENTERS.—A center already in existence on the date of en-
actment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act may con-
tinue to receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning
on the date of establishment of that center.
‘‘(3) RENEWAL.—After the end of either period described in paragraph (2), the
Director may renew support for the center for a period of not more than 5 years
on a merit-reviewed basis. For a center in operation for 10 years after its pre-
vious selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, the Director may renew
support for the center on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not
more than 5 years, and may subsequently provide an additional renewal on a
merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years.
‘‘(4) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing authorities of the Depart-
ment, the Director may terminate an underperforming center for cause during
the performance period.
‘‘(5) ACTIVITIES.—Centers shall undertake research activities to accelerate the
production of biofuels and bioproducts from advanced biomass resources by
identifying the most suitable species of plants for use as energy crops; and im-
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proving methods of breeding, propagation, planting, producing, harvesting, stor-
age and processing. Activities may include the following:
‘‘(A) Research activities to increase sustainability, including—
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‘‘(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy crop interactions with bi-
otic and abiotic environmental factors influence crop growth, yield, and
quality;
‘‘(ii) identifying the most impactful research areas that address the
economics of biofuels and bioproducts production; and
‘‘(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to advance predictive under-
standing of biofuel cropping ecosystems.
‘‘(B) Research activities to further feedstock development, including
lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous wastes including carbon oxides and methane,
and direct air capture of single carbon gases via plants and microbes, in-
cluding—
‘‘(i) developing genetic and genomic tools, high-throughput analytical
tools, and biosystems design approaches to enhance bioenergy feed-
stocks and their associated microbiomes;
‘‘(ii) conducting field testing of new potential bioenergy feedstock
crops under environmentally benign and geographically diverse condi-
tions to assess viability and robustness; and
‘‘(iii) developing quantitative models informed by experimentation to
predict how bioenergy feedstocks perform under diverse conditions.
‘‘(C) Research activities to improve lignocellulosic deconstruction and sep-
aration methods, including—
‘‘(i) developing feedstock-agnostic deconstruction processes capable of
efficiently fractionating biomass into targeted output streams;
‘‘(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of plant cell wall biosynthesis,
composition, structure, and properties during deconstruction; and
‘‘(iii) improving enzymes and approaches for biomass breakdown and
cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin processing.
‘‘(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock conversion process for
advanced biofuels and bioproducts, including—
‘‘(i) developing high-throughput methods to screen or select high-per-
formance microbial strains and communities to improve product forma-
tion rates, yields, and selectivity;
‘‘(ii) establishing a broad set of platform microorganisms and micro-
bial communities suitable for metabolic engineering to produce biofuels
and bioproducts, as well as high-throughput methods for experimental
validation of gene function;
‘‘(iii) developing techniques to enhance microbial robustness for toler-
ating toxins to improve biofuel and bioproduct yields and to gain a bet-
ter understanding of the cellular and molecular bases of tolerance for
major chemical classes of inhibitors found in these processes;
‘‘(iv) advancing technologies for the use of batch, continuous, as well
as consolidated bioprocessing;
‘‘(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing microbial and chemical
pathways to produce promising, atom-economical intermediates and
final bioproducts from biomass with considerations given to environ-
mentally benign processes;
‘‘(vi) developing high-throughput, real-time, in situ analytical tech-
niques to understand and characterize the pre- and post-bioproduct
separation streams in detail;
‘‘(vii) creating methodologies for efficiently identifying viable target
molecules, identifying high-value bioproducts in existing biomass
streams, and utilizing current byproduct streams;
‘‘(viii) identifying and improving plant feedstocks with enhanced ex-
tractable levels of desired bioproducts or bioproduct precursors, includ-
ing lignin streams; and
‘‘(ix) developing integrated biological and chemical catalytic ap-
proaches to valorize and produce a diverse portfolio of advanced fuels
and bioproducts.
‘‘(6) INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS.—Centers shall establish industry partnerships
to translate research results to commercial applications.
‘‘(7) COORDINATION.—In coordination with the Bioenergy Technologies Office
of the Department, the Director shall support interdisciplinary research activi-
ties to improve the capacity, efficiency, resilience, security, reliability, and af-
fordability, of the production and use of biofuels and bioproducts, as well as ac-
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tivities to enable positive impacts and avoid the potential negative impacts that
the production and use of biofuels and bioproducts may have on ecosystems,
people, and historically marginalized communities.’’.
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(c) LOW-DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.—Section 306(e)(8) of the Depart-
ment of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(c)(8)), as redesig-
nated under subsection (a), is amended—
(1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘and’’;
(2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end and inserting a
semicolon; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
(d) LOW-DOSE RADIATION AND SPACE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.—Section
306(f) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
18644(d)), as redesignated under subsection (a), is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(f) LOW-DOSE RADIATION AND SPACE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Adminis-
trator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall carry out a
basic research program on the similarities and differences between the effects
of exposure to low-dose radiation on Earth, in low Earth orbit, and in the space
environment.
‘‘(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this program is to accelerate breakthroughs in
low-dose and low dose-rate radiation research and development as described in
subsection (d) and to inform the advancement of new tools, technologies, and
advanced materials needed to facilitate long-duration space exploration.’’.
(e) CLIMATE, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, AND OTHER ACTIVITIES.—Section 306 of
the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is further
amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(g) EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SCIENCES ACTIVITIES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities authorized under subsection (a),
and in coordination with activities carried out under subsection (b), the Director
shall carry out earth and environmental systems science research, in consulta-
tion with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other rel-
evant agencies, which may include activities to—
‘‘(A) understand, observe, and model the response of Earth’s atmosphere
and biosphere to increased concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and
any associated changes in climate, including frequency and intensity of ex-
treme weather events;
‘‘(B) understand the coupled physical, chemical, and biological processes
to transform, immobilize, remove, or move carbon, nitrogen, and other en-
ergy production-derived contaminants such as radionuclides and heavy met-
als, and understand the process of sequestration and transformation of
these, carbon dioxide, and other relevant molecules in subsurface environ-
ments;
‘‘(C) understand, observe, and model the cycling of water, carbon, and nu-
trients in terrestrial systems and at scales relevant to resources manage-
ment;
‘‘(D) understand the biological, biogeochemical, and physical processes
across the multiple scales that control the flux of environmentally relevant
compounds between the terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
‘‘(E) inform potential natural mitigation and adaptation options for in-
creased concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and any associated
changes in climate.
‘‘(2) PRIORITIZATION.—In carrying out the program authorized under para-
graph (1), the Director shall prioritize—
‘‘(A) the development of software and algorithms to enable the productive
application of environmental systems and extreme weather in climate and
Earth system prediction models in high-performance computing systems;
and
‘‘(B) capabilities that support the Department’s mission needs for energy
and infrastructure security, resilience, and reliability.
‘‘(3) ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SCIENCE RESEARCH.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities described in paragraph (1), the
Director shall carry out research to advance an integrated, robust, and
scale-aware predictive understanding of environmental systems, including
the role of hydrobiogeochemistry, from the subsurface to the top of the vege-
tative canopy that considers effects of seasonal to interannual variability
and change.
‘‘(B) CLEAN WATER AND WATERSHED RESEARCH.—As part of the activities
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described in subparagraph (A), the Director shall—
‘‘(i) support interdisciplinary research to significantly advance our
understanding of water availability, quality, and the impact of human
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10
activity and a changing climate on urban and rural watershed systems,
including in freshwater environments;
‘‘(ii) consult with the Interagency Research, Development, and Dem-
onstration Coordination Committee on the Nexus of Energy and Water
for Sustainability established under section 1010 of the Energy Act of
2020 (division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021) on en-
ergy-water nexus research activities; and
‘‘(iii) engage with representatives of research and academic institu-
tions, nonprofit organizations, State, local, and tribal governments, and
industry, who have expertise in technologies, technological innovations,
or practices relating to the energy-water nexus, as applicable.
‘‘(C) COORDINATION.—
‘‘(i) DIRECTOR.—The Director shall carry out activities under this
paragraph in accordance with priorities established by the Secretary to
support and accelerate the decontamination of relevant facilities man-
aged by the Department.
‘‘(ii) SECRETARY.—The Secretary shall ensure the coordination of ac-
tivities of the Department, including activities under this paragraph, to
support and accelerate the decontamination of relevant facilities man-
aged by the Department.
‘‘(4) CLIMATE AND EARTH MODELING.—As part of the activities described in
paragraph (1), the Director, in collaboration with the Advanced Scientific Com-
puting Research program described in section 304 and other programs carried
out by the Department, as applicable, and in consultation with the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other relevant agencies, shall
carry out research to develop, evaluate, and use high-resolution regional cli-
mate, global climate, Earth system, and other relevant models to inform deci-
sions on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting impacts of a
changing global climate. Such modeling shall include—
‘‘(A) integrated capabilities for modeling multisectoral interactions, in-
cluding socioeconomic factors as appropriate, which may include the im-
pacts of climate policies on social and regional equity and well-being, and
the interdependencies and risks at the energy-water-land nexus;
‘‘(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, energy supply and demand,
and other critical elements; and
‘‘(C) interaction among human and Earth systems informed by inter-
disciplinary research, including the economic and social sciences.
‘‘(5) MID-SCALE FUNDING MECHANISM.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Any of the activities authorized in this subsection may
be carried out by competitively selected mid-scale, multi-institutional re-
search centers in lieu of individual research grants, or large-scale experi-
ments or user facilities.
‘‘(B) CONSIDERATION.—The Biological and Environmental Research Advi-
sory Committee shall provide recommendations to the Director on projects
most suitable for the research centers described in subparagraph (A).
‘‘(h) BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH USER FACILITIES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a program for the develop-
ment, construction, operation, and maintenance of user facilities to enhance the
collection and analysis of observational data related to complex biological, cli-
mate, and environmental systems.
‘‘(2) FACILITY REQUIREMENTS.—To the maximum extent practicable, the user
facilities developed, constructed, operated, or maintained under paragraph (1)
shall include—
‘‘(A) distributed field research and observation platforms for under-
standing earth system processes;
‘‘(B) analytical techniques, instruments, and modeling resources for un-
derstanding the physical, chemical, and cellular processes of biological and
environmental systems;
‘‘(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing, advanced bioanalytic tech-
niques, DNA design and synthesis, metabolomics, and computational anal-
ysis; and
‘‘(D) such other facilities as the Director considers appropriate, consistent
with section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
7139).
‘‘(3) EXISTING FACILITIES.—In carrying out the program established in para-
graph (1), the Director is encouraged to evaluate the capabilities of existing user
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facilities and, to the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of
those capabilities to address emerging research priorities.
‘‘(4) USER FACILITIES INTEGRATION AND COLLABORATION PROGRAM.—
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11
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support a program of collaboration
between user facilities as defined under this subsection to encourage and
enable researchers to more readily integrate the tools, expertise, resources,
and capabilities of multiple Office of Science user facilities (as described in
section 209(d) of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
7139)) to further research and advance emerging technologies.
‘‘(B) ACTIVITIES.—The program shall advance the integration of automa-
tion, robotics, computational biology, bioinformatics, biosensing, cellular
platforms and other relevant emerging technologies as determined by the
Director to enhance productivity and scientific impact of user facilities.
‘‘(5) EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SCIENCES USER FACILITIES.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the activities authorized under para-
graph (1), the Director shall establish and operate user facilities to advance
the collection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric data, including activi-
ties to advance knowledge and improve model representations and measure
the impact of atmospheric gases, aerosols, and clouds on earth and environ-
mental systems.
‘‘(B) SELECTION.—The Director shall select user facilities under para-
graph (1) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Director shall con-
sider applications from the National Laboratories, institutes of higher edu-
cation, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
‘‘(C) EXISTING FACILITIES.—To the maximum extent practicable, the Direc-
tor shall utilize existing facilities to carry out this subsection.
‘‘(6) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program authorized in paragraph
(1), the Director shall ensure that the Office of Science—
‘‘(A) consults and coordinates with the National Oceanic Atmospheric Ad-
ministration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the De-
partment of the Interior, and any other relevant Federal agency on the col-
lection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric data; and
‘‘(B) coordinates with relevant stakeholders, including institutes of higher
education, nonprofit research institutions, industry, State, local, and tribal
governments, and other appropriate entities to ensure access to the best
available relevant atmospheric and historical weather data.
‘‘(i) COASTAL ZONE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a research program, in con-
sultation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, to en-
hance the understanding of coastal ecosystems. In carrying out this program,
the Director shall prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational
data, and shall develop models to analyze the ecological, biogeochemical,
hydrological and physical processes that interact in coastal zones.
‘‘(2) NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR COASTAL DATA COLLECTION.—The Director shall es-
tablish, in consultation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion and other relevant agencies, an integrated system of geographically diverse
field research sites in order to improve the quantity and quality of observational
data, and that encompass the major land water interfaces of the United States,
including—
‘‘(A) the Great Lakes region;
‘‘(B) the Pacific coast;
‘‘(C) the Atlantic coast;
‘‘(D) the Arctic; and
‘‘(E) the Gulf coast.
‘‘(3) EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE.—In carrying out the programs and estab-
lishing the field research sites under paragraph (1) and (2), the Secretary shall
leverage existing research and development infrastructure supported by the De-
partment, including the Department’s existing marine and coastal research lab.
‘‘(4) COORDINATION.—For the purposes of carrying out the programs and es-
tablishing the field research sites under the Initiative, the Secretary may enter
into agreements with Federal Departments and agencies with complementary
capabilities.
‘‘(5) REPORT.—Not less than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the
Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Director shall provide to
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Appro-
priations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
Natural Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate a report
examining whether the system described in this section should be established
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as a National User Facility.
‘‘(j) TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT.—The Director shall support a technology re-
search program for the development of instrumentation and other research tools re-
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12
quired to meet the missions of the Department and to provide platform technologies
for the broader scientific community. Technologies shall include but are not limited
to—
‘‘(1) cryo-electron microscopy;
‘‘(2) fabricated ecosystems;
‘‘(3) next generation sensors including quantum sensors for biological integra-
tion and bioproduction;
‘‘(4) technologies to accelerate data analysis; and
‘‘(5) plant and microbial phenotyping for gene discovery.
‘‘(k) EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish within the Biological and En-
vironmental Research program an initiative focused on the development of engi-
neered ecosystems through the application of artificial intelligence, novel sens-
ing capabilities, and other emerging technologies.
‘‘(2) INTERAGENCY COORDINATION.—The Secretary shall coordinate with the
Director of the National Science Foundation, the Administrator of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Director of the U.S. Geological
Survey, and other relevant officials to avoid duplication of research and obser-
vational activities and to ensure that activities carried out under this initiative
are complimentary to those currently being undertaken by other agencies.
‘‘(3) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act, the
Secretary shall provide a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
the Senate, on the activity mandated in subsection (k).
‘‘(l) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated
to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section—
‘‘(1) $820,360,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $886,385,200 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $956,332,164 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $1,020,475,415 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $1,099,108,695 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH PROGRAM.
(a) ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH.—Section 304 of the Department
of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) is amended—
(1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as subsections (b) through (d),
respectively; and
(2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated, the following:
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the
Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry
out, in coordination with academia and relevant public and private sector entities,
a research, development, and demonstration program to—
‘‘(1) steward applied mathematics, computational science, and computer
science research relevant to the missions of the Department and the competi-
tiveness of the United States;
‘‘(2) develop modeling, simulation, and other computational tools relevant to
other scientific disciplines and to the development of new energy technologies
and other technologies;
‘‘(3) advance computating and networking capabilities for data-driven dis-
covery; and
‘‘(4) develop advanced scientific computing hardware and software tools for
science and engineering.’’;
(3) in subsection (c) (as redesignated under paragraph (1))—
(A) by striking ‘‘The Director’’ and inserting the following:
‘‘(1) DIRECTOR.—The Director’’; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(2) COORDINATION.—The Under Secretary for Science shall ensure the coordi-
nation of the activities of the Department, including activities under this sec-
tion, to determine and meet the computational and networking research and fa-
cility needs of the Office of Science and all other relevant energy technology and
energy efficiency programs within the Department and with other Federal agen-
cies as appropriate.’’;
(4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read as follows:
‘‘(d) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR HIGH-END COM-
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PUTING SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER SCIENCES RESEARCH.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out activities to develop, test, and
support—
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13
‘‘(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for modeling complex sys-
tems relevant to the missions of the Department, including on advanced
computing architectures; and
‘‘(B) tools, languages, programming environments, and operations for
high-end computing systems (as defined in section 2 of the American Super
Computing Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541).
‘‘(2) PORTFOLIO BALANCE.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall maintain a balanced portfolio with-
in the advanced scientific computing research and development program es-
tablished under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
16316) that supports robust investment in—
‘‘(i) applied mathematical, computational, and computer sciences re-
search needs relevant to the mission of the Department, including
foundational areas that are critical to the advancement of energy
sciences and technologies and new and emerging computing tech-
nologies; and
‘‘(ii) associated high-performance computing hardware and facilities.
‘‘(B) EXASCALE ECOSYSTEM SUSTAINMENT.—
‘‘(i) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that the
Exascale Computing Project has successfully created a broad ecosystem
that provides shared software packages, novel evaluation systems, and
applications relevant to the science and engineering requirements of
the Department, and that such products must be maintained and im-
proved in order that the full potential of the deployed systems can be
continuously realized.
‘‘(ii) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall seek to sustain and evolve the
ecosystem referenced in clause (i) to ensure that the exascale software
stack and other research software will continue to be maintained, hard-
ened, and otherwise optimized for long-term use on exascale systems
and beyond and reliable availability to the user community.’’; and
(5) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
‘‘(e) NEXT GENERATION COMPUTING PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a program to develop and im-
plement a strategy for achieving computing systems with capabilities beyond
exascale computing systems. In establishing this program, the Secretary shall—
‘‘(A) maintain foundational research programs in mathematical, computa-
tional, and computer sciences focused on new and emerging computing
needs within the mission of the Department, including post-Moore’s law
computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling and simulation, arti-
ficial intelligence and scientific machine learning, quantum computing, edge
computing, extreme heterogeneity, and distributed high-performance com-
puting; and
‘‘(B) retain best practices and maintain support for essential hardware,
applications, and software elements of the Exascale Computing Program
that are necessary for sustaining the vitality of a long-term capable soft-
ware ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and
‘‘(C) develop a Department-wide strategy for balancing on-premises and
cloud-based computing and scientific data management.
‘‘(2) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Nat-
ural Resources of the Senate, a report on the development and implementation
of the strategy outlined in paragraph (1).
‘‘(f) ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH IN HETEROGENEOUS COMPUTING SYSTEMS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a program of research and
development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to expand
understanding of the potential for heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing
systems to deliver high performance, high efficiency computing for Department
of Energy mission challenges. This shall include research and development that
explores the convergence of big data analytics, simulations, and artificial intel-
ligence to drive the design of heterogenous computing system architectures.
‘‘(2) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this program, the Secretary shall ensure
coordination between research activities undertaken by the Advanced Scientific
Computing Research program and materials research supported by the Basic
Energy Sciences program within the Department of Energy Office of Science.
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‘‘(g) ENERGY EFFICIENT COMPUTING PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support a program of fundamental re-
search, development, and demonstration of energy efficient computing and data
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14
center technologies relevant to advanced computing applications, including high
performance computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine learning.
‘‘(2) EXECUTION.—
‘‘(A) PROGRAM.—In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the
Secretary shall—
‘‘(i) establish a partnership for National Laboratories, industry part-
ners, and institutions of higher education for codesign of energy effi-
cient hardware, technology, software, and applications across all appli-
cable program offices of the Department, and provide access to energy
efficient computing resources to such partners;
‘‘(ii) develop hardware and software technologies that decrease the
energy needs of advanced computing practices, including through data
center co-design; and
‘‘(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous computing architectures in col-
laboration with the program established under subsection (f) including
neuromorphic computing, persistent computing, and ultrafast net-
working; and
‘‘(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis,
access for researchers from institutions of higher education, National
Laboratories, industry, and other Federal agencies to the energy effi-
cient computing technologies developed pursuant to clause (i).
‘‘(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—In selecting participants for the partner-
ship established under subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select par-
ticipants through a competitive, merit review process.
‘‘(C) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment
of the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Secretary shall
submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House
of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
of the Senate, a report on—
‘‘(i) the activities conducted under subparagraph (A); and
‘‘(ii) the coordination and management of the program under sub-
paragraph (A) to ensure an integrated research program across the De-
partment.
‘‘(h) ENERGY SCIENCES NETWORK.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for upgrades to the Energy
Sciences Network user facility in order to meet the research needs of the De-
partment for highly reliable data transport capabilities optimized for the re-
quirements of large-scale science.
‘‘(2) CAPABILITIES.—In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure
the following capabilities:
‘‘(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific networking across the conti-
nental United States and the Atlantic Ocean.
‘‘(B) To ensure network reliability.
‘‘(C) To protect the network infrastructure from cyber-attacks.
‘‘(D) To manage transport of exponentially increasing levels of data from
the Department’s National Laboratories and sites, user facilities, experi-
ments, and sensors.
‘‘(E) To contribute to the integration of heterogeneous computing frame-
works and systems.
‘‘(i) COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE GRADUATE FELLOWSHIP.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support the Computational Science
Graduate Fellowship program in order to facilitate collaboration between grad-
uate students and researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to
the development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce to help ad-
vance research in areas relevant to the mission of the Department.
‘‘(2) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated for Ad-
vanced Scientific Computing Research Program, the Secretary shall make avail-
able for carrying out the activities under this section—
‘‘(A) $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(B) $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(C) $23,152,500 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(D) $24,310,125 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(E) $25,525,631 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated
to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section—
‘‘(1) $1,126,350,000 for fiscal year 2022;
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‘‘(2) $1,222,674,500 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $1,324,320,715 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $1,431,660,115 for fiscal year 2025; and
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15
‘‘(5) $1,535,090,121 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
(b) QUANTUM SCIENCE NETWORK.—
(1) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.
8801) is amended—
(A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8); and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
‘‘(7) QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE.—The term ‘quantum network in-
frastructure’ means any facility, expertise, or capability that is necessary to en-
able the development and deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network
technologies.’’.
(2) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH
AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.—(A) Title IV of the National Quantum Initiative
Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘SEC. 403. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the ‘Sec-
retary’) shall carry out a research, development, and demonstration program to ac-
celerate innovation in quantum network infrastructure in order to—
‘‘(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum computing systems
through the internet and intranet;
‘‘(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific phenomena and phys-
ical imaging technologies;
‘‘(3) develop secure national quantum communications technologies and strat-
egies; and
‘‘(4) demonstrate these capabilities utilizing the Department’s Energy
Sciences Network User Facility.
‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall—
‘‘(1) coordinate with—
‘‘(A) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
‘‘(B) the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
‘‘(C) the Chair of the subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of
the National Science and Technology Council established under section
103(a); and
‘‘(D) the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic and Security Impli-
cations of Quantum Science;
‘‘(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National Laboratories, insti-
tutions of higher education, and other research institutions to facilitate new
quantum infrastructure methods and technologies, including—
‘‘(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss optical channels, space-to-
ground connections, and classical networking and cybersecurity protocols;
‘‘(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state sources and transmission,
control, and measurement of quantum states;
‘‘(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range local connections be-
tween quantum processors;
‘‘(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals between optical and
telecommunications regimes and quantum computer-relevant domains, in-
cluding microwaves;
‘‘(E) development of quantum memory buffers and small-scale quantum
computers that are compatible with photon-based quantum bits in the opti-
cal or telecommunications wavelengths;
‘‘(F) long-range entanglement distribution at both the terrestrial and
space-based level using quantum repeaters, allowing entanglement-based
protocols between small- and large scale quantum processors;
‘‘(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and related technologies
necessary to create secure long-distance quantum communication; and
‘‘(H) integration of systems across the quantum technology stack into tra-
ditional computing networks, including the development of remote con-
trolled, high performance, and reliable implementations of key quantum
network components by leveraging the expertise, infrastructure and supple-
mental investments in the Energy Sciences Network User Facility;
‘‘(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED–C)
to transition component technologies to help facilitate as appropriate the devel-
opment of a quantum supply chain for quantum network technologies;
‘‘(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific computing, particle and nu-
clear physics, and material science to enhance the understanding, prediction,
and manipulation of materials, processes, and physical phenomena relevant to
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quantum network infrastructure;
‘‘(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in collaboration with the Depart-
ment’s Energy Sciences Network User Facility necessary to support cross-cut-
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16
ting fundamental research and development activities with diverse stakeholders
from industry, National Laboratories, and institutions of higher education; and
‘‘(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications that span the De-
partment of Energy’s missions in energy, environment, and national security.
‘‘(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall leverage re-
sources, infrastructure, and expertise across the Department of Energy and from—
‘‘(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
‘‘(2) the National Science Foundation;
‘‘(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
‘‘(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
‘‘(5) the National Laboratories;
‘‘(6) industry stakeholders;
‘‘(7) institutions of higher education; and
‘‘(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers.
‘‘(d) RESEARCH PLAN.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
of the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Secretary shall submit
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives
and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a 4-year re-
search plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to quantum
network infrastructure.
‘‘(e) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review activities carried out
under this section to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
‘‘(f) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Department of
Energy’s Office of Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry
out the activities under this section, $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022
through 2026.
‘‘SEC. 404. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EXPANSION FOR SCIENCE AND TECH-
NOLOGY PROGRAM.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the ‘Sec-
retary’) shall establish and carry out a program (to be known as the ‘Quantum User
Expansion for Science and Technology program’ or ‘QUEST program’) to encourage
and facilitate access to United States quantum computing hardware and quantum
computing clouds for research purposes in order to—
‘‘(1) enhance the United States quantum research enterprise;
‘‘(2) educate the future quantum computing workforce; and
‘‘(3) accelerate the advancement of United States quantum computing capa-
bilities.
‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall—
‘‘(1) coordinate with—
‘‘(A) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
‘‘(B) the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
‘‘(C) the Chair of the Quantum Information Science of the National
Science and Technology Council established under section 103(a); and
‘‘(D) the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic and Security Impli-
cations of Quantum Science;
‘‘(2) provide researchers based within the United States with access to, and
use of, United States quantum computing resources through a competitive,
merit-reviewed process;
‘‘(3) consider applications from the National Laboratories, multi-institutional
collaborations, institutions of higher education, industry stakeholders, and any
other entities that the Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national
leadership on quantum computing related issues; and
‘‘(4) consult and coordinate with private sector stakeholders, the user commu-
nity, and interagency partners on program development and best management
practices.
‘‘(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall leverage re-
sources and expertise across the Department of Energy and from—
‘‘(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
‘‘(2) the National Science Foundation;
‘‘(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
‘‘(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
‘‘(5) the National Laboratories;
‘‘(6) industry stakeholders;
‘‘(7) institutions of higher education; and
‘‘(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers.
‘‘(d) SECURITY.—In carrying out the activities authorized by this section, the Sec-
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retary, in consultation with the Director of the National Science Foundation and the
Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper
security controls are in place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
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‘‘(e) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Department of
Energy’s Office of Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry
out the activities under this section—
‘‘(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(f) EQUITABLE USE OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING CAPABILITIES.—
‘‘(1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that machine learning
algorithms can exhibit biases that cause harm to historically marginalized com-
munities.
‘‘(2) POLICY.—In leveraging high-performance computing systems for research
purposes, including through the use of machine learning algorithms for data
analysis, the Secretary shall ensure that such capabilities are employed in a
manner that mitigates and, to the maximum extent practicable, avoids harmful
algorithmic bias and equitably addresses challenges impacting different popu-
lations, including historically marginalized communities.’’.
(B) The table of contents in section 1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative
Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 402 the following
items:
‘‘Sec. 403. Department of energy quantum network infrastructure research and development program.
‘‘Sec. 404. Department of energy quantum user expansion for science and technology program.’’.
SEC. 6. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.
(a) FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.—Section 307 of the Department of Energy Re-
search and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended—
(1) in subsection (b)—
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘As part of’’ and
inserting the following:
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of’’;
(B) by redesignating—
(i) paragraphs (1) and (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively
(and by adjusting the margins of such subparagraphs accordingly); and
(ii) in subparagraph (B) (as redesignated by clause (i)), subpara-
graphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively (and by adjusting
the margins of such clauses accordingly); and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds authorized to be ap-
propriated under subsection (r), there are authorized to be appropriated to the
Secretary to carry out activities described in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’;
(2) in subsection (d)(3)—
(A) by striking the period at the end and inserting ‘‘and $40,000,000 for
fiscal year 2026.’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting ‘‘(r)’’; and
(3) in subsection (e)(4)—
(A) by striking the period at the end and inserting ‘‘and $75,000,000 for
fiscal year 2026.’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting ‘‘(r)’’;
(4) in subsection (i)(10)—
(A) In the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and in-
serting ‘‘(r)’’;
(B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and inserting a semicolon;
(C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end and inserting
‘‘; and’’; and
(D) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’;
(5) in subsection (j)—
(A) by striking ‘‘The Director’’ and all that follows through the period and
inserting the following:
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—
‘‘(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—Within 180 days of enactment of the Department
of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Director shall establish at least
2 national teams, including public-private partnerships, that will develop
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conceptual pilot plant designs and technology roadmaps and lead to an en-
gineering design of a pilot plant that will bring fusion to commercial viabil-
ity.
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18
‘‘(B) COMPOSITION.—The national teams shall be composed of developers,
manufacturers, universities, national laboratories, and engineering, pro-
curement, and construction industries.’’; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out activities described in paragraph (1)—
‘‘(A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(B) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(C) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(D) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’;
(6) in subsection (l)—
(A) by striking ‘‘sense of Congress that the United States should support’’
and inserting ‘‘sense of Congress that—’’;
‘‘(1) the United States should support’’;
(B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated by subparagraph (A) of this para-
graph), by striking the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(2) the Director shall incorporate the findings and recommendations of the
report of the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee entitled ‘Powering the
Future: Fusion and Plasmas’ and the report of the National Academies entitled
‘‘Bringing Fusion to the U.S. Grid’’ into the planning process of the Department,
including the development of future budget requests to Congress.’’;
(7) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (r);
(8) by inserting after subsection (n) the following:
‘‘(o) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a program to conduct and
support collaborative research, development, and demonstration of fusion en-
ergy technologies, through high-performance computation modeling and simula-
tion techniques, in order to—
‘‘(A) support fundamental research in plasmas and matter at very high
temperatures and densities;
‘‘(B) inform the development of a broad range of fusion energy systems;
and
‘‘(C) facilitate the translation of research results in fusion energy science
to industry.
‘‘(2) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the
Secretary shall coordinate with relevant Federal agencies, and prioritize the fol-
lowing objectives:
‘‘(A) Using expertise from the private sector, institutions of higher edu-
cation, and the National Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new,
computational software and capabilities that prospective users may use to
accelerate research and development of fusion energy systems.
‘‘(B) Developing computational tools to simulate and predict fusion energy
science phenomena that may be validated through physical experimen-
tation.
‘‘(C) Increasing the utility of the research infrastructure of the Depart-
ment by coordinating with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research
program within the Office of Science.
‘‘(D) Leveraging experience from existing modeling and simulation enti-
ties sponsored by the Department.
‘‘(E) Ensuring that new experimental and computational tools are acces-
sible to relevant research communities, including private sector entities en-
gaged in fusion energy technology development.
‘‘(F) Ensuring that newly developed computational tools are compatible
with modern virtual engineering and visualization capabilities to accelerate
the realization of fusion energy technologies and systems.
‘‘(3) DUPLICATION.—The Secretary shall ensure the coordination of, and avoid
unnecessary duplication of, the activities of this program with the activities of—
‘‘(A) other research entities of the Department, including the National
Laboratories, the Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy, the Ad-
vanced Scientific Computing Research program; and
‘‘(B) industry.
‘‘(4) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR FUSION INNOVATION CENTER.—In car-
rying out the program under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, in coordination
with the Innovation Network for Fusion Energy, establish and operate a na-
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tional High-Performance Computing for Fusion Innovation Center (referred to
in this section as the ‘Center’), in order to support the program under para-
graph (1) by providing, to the extent practicable, a centralized entity for multi-
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19
disciplinary, collaborative, fusion energy research and development through
high performance computing and advanced data analytics technologies and
processes.
‘‘(5) SELECTION.—The Secretary shall select the Center under this subsection
on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Secretary shall consider applica-
tions from National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-institu-
tional collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
‘‘(6) EXISTING ACTIVITIES.—The Center may incorporate existing research ac-
tivities that are consistent with the program described in paragraph (1).
‘‘(7) DURATION.—The Center established under this subsection shall receive
support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of ap-
propriations.
‘‘(8) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any period of support of the Center,
the Secretary may renew support for the Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for
a period of not more than 5 years.
‘‘(9) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing authorities of the Depart-
ment, the Secretary may terminate the Center for cause during the performance
period.
‘‘(p) MATERIAL PLASMA EXPOSURE EXPERIMENT.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall construct a Material Plasma Exposure
Experiment facility as described in the 2020 publication approved by the Fusion
Energy Sciences Advisory Committee titled ‘Powering the Future: Fusion and
Plasmas’. The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, universities, Na-
tional Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility
is capable of meeting Federal research needs for steady state, high-heat-flux
and plasma-material interaction testing of fusion materials over a range of fu-
sion energy relevant parameters.
‘‘(2) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall ensure that the facility de-
scribed in subsection (a) will provide the following capabilities:
‘‘(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
‘‘(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m2.
‘‘(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated plasma facing material
samples to plasma.
‘‘(3) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of
appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facility under this
section occurs before December 31, 2027.
‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy
Sciences, there are funds authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the
Office of Fusion Energy Sciences to carry out to completion the construction of
the facility under this section:
‘‘(A) $32,800,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(B) $13,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(C) $12,600,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
‘‘(D) $400,000 for fiscal year 2025.
‘‘(q) MATTER IN EXTREME CONDITIONS INSTRUMENT UPGRADE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Matter
in Extreme Conditions endstation at the Linac Coherent Light Source as de-
scribed in the 2020 publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advi-
sory Committee titled ‘Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas’. The Sec-
retary shall consult with the private sector, universities, National Laboratories,
and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility is capable of meeting
Federal research needs for understanding physical and chemical changes to
plasmas at fundamental timescales, and explore new regimes of dense material
physics, astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-pulse laser-plasma inter-
actions.
‘‘(2) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of
appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facility under this
section occurs before December 31, 2028.’’; and
(9) in subsection (r), as so redesignated, by striking paragraphs (2) through
(5) and inserting the following:
‘‘(2) $1,002,900,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(3) $1,095,707,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(4) $1,129,368,490 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(5) $1,149,042,284 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(6) $1,243,097,244 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
(b) ITER CONSTRUCTION.—Section 972 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
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16312) is amended in subsection (c)(3)—
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end; and
(2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the following:
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20
‘‘(B) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(C) $325,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(D) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(E) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(F) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
SEC. 7. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM.
(a) PROGRAM.—Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended—
(1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as subsections (d) through (f),
respectively; and
(2) by inserting the following after subsection (a):
‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the De-
partment of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out
a research program in elementary particle physics and advanced technology re-
search and development to improve the understanding of the fundamental prop-
erties of the universe, including constituents of matter and energy and the nature
of space and time.
‘‘(c) HIGH ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH.—As part of the program described in sub-
section (a), the Director shall carry out research using high energy accelerators and
advanced detectors, including accelerators and detectors that will function as na-
tional user facilities, to create and study interactions of elementary particles and
investigate fundamental forces.’’.
(b) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—Section 305(d) of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643(d)), as redesignated under subsection
(a), is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(d) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—The Director shall—
‘‘(1) as practicable and in coordination with other appropriate Federal agen-
cies as necessary, ensure the access of United States researchers to the most
advanced accelerator facilities and research capabilities in the world, including
the Large Hadron Collider;
‘‘(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to leverage United States
participation in the Large Hadron Collider, and prioritize expanding inter-
national partnerships and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility
and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
‘‘(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize engagement in collaborative
efforts in support of future international facilities that would provide access to
the most advanced accelerator facilities in the world to United States research-
ers.’’.
(c) COSMIC FRONTIER RESEARCH.—Section 305(f) of the Department of Energy Re-
search and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645(f)), as redesignated by subsection (a),
is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(f) COSMIC FRONTIER RESEARCH.—The Director shall carry out research activities
on the nature of the primary contents of the universe, including the nature of dark
energy and dark matter. These activities shall, to the maximum extent practicable,
be consistent with the research priorities identified by the High Energy Physics Ad-
visory Panel or the National Academy of Sciences, and may include—
‘‘(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration,
the National Science Foundation, or international partners on relevant projects;
and
‘‘(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-based, and under-
ground facilities and experiments.’’.
(d) FURTHER ACTIVITIES.—Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645), as amended, is further amended by adding at the
end the following:
‘‘(g) FACILITY CONSTRUCTION AND MAJOR ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT.—
‘‘(1) PROJECTS.—Consistent with the Office of Science’s project management
practices, the Director shall, to the maximum extent practicable, incorporate the
findings and recommendations of the 2014 Particle Physics Project
Prioritization Panel (P5) report titled ‘Building for Discovery’, and support con-
struction or fabrication of—
‘‘(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility based in the United
States;
‘‘(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
‘‘(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
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‘‘(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera;
‘‘(E) upgrades to detectors and other components of the Large Hadron
Collider; and
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‘‘(F) other high priority projects recommended in the most recent report
of the Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel of the High Energy
Physics Advisory Panel.
‘‘(2) LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support construction of a Long-
Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate the international Deep Underground
Neutrino Experiment to examine the fundamental properties of neutrinos,
explore physics beyond the Standard Model, and better clarify the existence
and nature of antimatter.
‘‘(B) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall ensure that the facility
described in subparagraph (A) will provide, at a minimum, the following ca-
pabilities:
‘‘(i) A neutrino beam with wideband capability of 1.2 megawatts
(MW) of beam power and upgradable to 2.4 MW of beam power.
‘‘(ii) Three caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton fiducial detector mass
and supporting surface buildings and utilities.
‘‘(iii) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino detectors.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facil-
ity under this subsection occurs before December 31, 2031.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (k), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out con-
struction of the facility under this subsection—
‘‘(i) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $325,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $400,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(iv) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(v) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(3) PROTON IMPROVEMENT PLAN–II ACCELERATOR UPGRADE PROJECT.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall support construction of
the Proton Improvement Plan II, an upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator
complex identified in the 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel
(P5) report titled ‘Building for Discovery’, to provide the world’s most in-
tense beam of neutrinos to the international Long Baseline Neutrino Facil-
ity as well as abroad range of future high energy physics experiments. The
Secretary of Energy shall work with international partners to enable fur-
ther significant contributions to the capabilities of this project.
‘‘(B) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall ensure that the facility
described in paragraph (1) will provide, at a minimum, the following capa-
bilities:
‘‘(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron volt (MeV) superconducting
linear accelerator.
‘‘(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 MW at the start of LBNF/DUNE,
upgradeable to 2.4 MW of beam power.
‘‘(iii) A flexible design to enable high power beam delivery to multiple
users simultaneously and customized beams tailored to specific sci-
entific needs.
‘‘(iv) Sustained high reliability operation of the Fermilab accelerator
complex.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facil-
ity under this section occurs before December 31, 2028.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (k), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out con-
struction of the facility under this subsection—
‘‘(i) $191,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(iv) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(v) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(4) COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND STAGE 4.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy, in partnership with the Di-
rector of the National Science Foundation, shall support construction of the
Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project to survey the cosmic micro-
wave background to test theories of cosmic inflation as described in the
2014 Particle Physics Prioritization Panel (P5) report titled ‘Building for
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Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in the Global Context.’.
‘‘(B) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall consult with the private sector,
universities, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure
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22
that this experiment is capable of meeting Federal research needs in access-
ing the ultra-high energy physics of inflation and important neutrino prop-
erties.
‘‘(C) EXPERIMENTAL CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall ensure to the
maximum extent practicable that the facility described in subsection (a) will
provide at minimum, 500,000 superconducting detectors deployed on an
array of mm wave telescopes with the required range in frequency, sensi-
tivity, and survey speed which will provide sufficient capability to enable
an order of magnitude advance in observations of the Cosmic Microwave
Background, delivering transformative discoveries in fundamental physics,
cosmology, and astrophysics.
‘‘(D) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facil-
ity under this section occurs before December 31, 2030.
‘‘(E) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (k), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out con-
struction of the facility under this subsection—
‘‘(i) $37,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(v) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(h) ACCELERATOR AND DETECTOR UPGRADES.—The Director shall upgrade accel-
erator facilities and detectors, as necessary and appropriate, to increase beam
power, sustain high reliability, and improve precision measurement to advance the
highest priority particle physics research programs. In carrying out facility up-
grades, the Director shall continue to work with international partners, when appro-
priate and in the United States’ interest, to leverage investments and expertise in
critical technologies to help build and upgrade accelerator and detector facilities in
the United States.
‘‘(i) ACCELERATOR AND DETECTOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—As part of the
program described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry out research and devel-
opment in particle beam physics, accelerator science and technology, and particle
and radiation detection with relevance to the specific needs of the High Energy
Physics program, in coordination with the Accelerator Research and Development
program authorized in section 311.
‘‘(j) UNDERGROUND SCIENCE.—The Director shall—
‘‘(1) support an underground science program consistent with the missions of
the Department and the scientific needs of the High Energy Physics program,
including those articulated in the most recent report of the Particle Physics
Project Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel, that
leverages the capabilities of relevant underground science and engineering fa-
cilities; and
‘‘(2) carry out a competitive grant program to award scientists and engineers
at institutions of higher education, nonprofit institutions, and national labora-
tories to conduct research in underground science and engineering.
‘‘(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section—
‘‘(1) $1,355,690,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $1,517,628,300 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $1,652,112,281 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $1,711,460,141 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $1,656,012,351 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
SEC. 8. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM.
(a) PROGRAM.—Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18646) is amended—
(1) by striking subsection (a);
(2) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (d); and
(3) by inserting the following before subsection (d), as so redesignated:
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the De-
partment of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out
a research program, and support relevant facilities, to discover and understand var-
ious forms of nuclear matter.
‘‘(b) USER FACILITIES.—
‘‘(1) FACILITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS.—
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‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support construction of a Facility
for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the understanding of rare nuclear iso-
topes and the evolution of the cosmos.
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23
‘‘(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (c), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out con-
struction of the facility under this subsection $2,000,000 for fiscal year
2022.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facil-
ity under this section occurs before March 1, 2022.
‘‘(2) ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support construction of an Elec-
tron Ion Collider as described in the 2015 Long Range Plan of the Nuclear
Science Advisory Committee and the report from the National Academies
titled ‘An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science’, in order
to measure the internal structure of the proton and the nucleus and answer
fundamental questions about the nature of visible matter.
‘‘(B) FACILITY CAPABILITY.—The Secretary shall ensure that the facility
meets the requirements in the 2015 Long Range Plan, including—
‘‘(i) at least 70 percent polarized beams of electrons and light ions;
‘‘(ii) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest stable nuclei;
‘‘(iii) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140 GeV;
‘‘(iv) high collision luminosity of 1033–34cm-2s-1; and
‘‘(v) the possibility of more than one interaction region.
‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facil-
ity under this section occurs before December 31, 2030.
‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under sub-
section (c), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out con-
struction of the facility under this subsection—
‘‘(i) $101,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(ii) $155,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(iii) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated
to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section—
‘‘(1) $780,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $879,390,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $1,025,097,300 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $1,129,354,111 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $1,192,408,899 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
SEC. 9. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.)
is amended by adding after section 309 the following:
‘‘SEC. 310. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the De-
partment of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out
a research program to—
‘‘(1) advance accelerator science and technology relevant to the Department,
other Federal agencies, and U.S. industry;
‘‘(2) foster partnerships to develop, demonstrate, and enable the commercial
application of accelerator technologies;
‘‘(3) support the development of a skilled, diverse, and inclusive accelerator
workforce; and
‘‘(4) provide access to accelerator design and engineering resources.
‘‘(b) ACCELERATOR RESEARCH.—In carrying out the program authorized under sub-
section (a), the Director shall support—
‘‘(1) research activities in cross-cutting accelerator technologies including
superconducting magnets and accelerators, beam physics, data analytics-based
accelerator controls, simulation software, new particle sources, advanced laser
technology, and transformative research; and
‘‘(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test Facility.
‘‘(c) ACCELERATOR DEVELOPMENT.—In carrying out the program authorized under
subsection (a), the Director shall support partnerships to foster the development,
demonstration, and commercial application of accelerator technologies including, ad-
vanced superconducting wire and cable, superconducting RF cavities, and high effi-
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ciency radiofrequency power sources for accelerators.
‘‘(d) RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS.—In developing accelerator technologies under
the program authorized in subsection (a), the Director shall—
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24
‘‘(1) consider the requirements necessary to support translational research
and development for medical, industrial, security, and defense applications; and
‘‘(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and fundamental re-
search in particle physics by partnering with institutes of higher education, in-
dustry, and other Federal agencies to enable the commercial application of ad-
vanced accelerator technologies.
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated
to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section—
‘‘(1) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $25,680,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $27,477,600 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $29,401,032 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $31,459,104 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
SEC. 10. ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR RESEARCH APPLICATIONS.
The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.)
is amended by adding after section 310 as added by this Act the following:
‘‘SEC. 311. ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR RESEARCH APPLICATIONS.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director—
‘‘(1) shall carry out a program in coordination with other relevant programs
across the Department of Energy for the production of isotopes, including the
development of techniques to produce isotopes, that the Secretary determines
are needed for research, medical, industrial, or related purposes, to the max-
imum extent practicable, in accordance with the 2015 NSAC ‘Meeting Isotope
Needs and Capturing Opportunities For The Future’ report; and
‘‘(2) shall ensure that isotope production activities carried out under the pro-
gram under this paragraph do not compete with private industry unless the Di-
rector determines that critical national interests require the involvement of the
Federal Government.
‘‘(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out the program under this subsection—
‘‘(1) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $96,300,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $103,041,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $110,253,870 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $117,971,641 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
SEC. 11. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.
(a) PROGRAM.—Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(c) APPROACH.—In carrying out this section, the Director shall utilize all avail-
able approaches and mechanisms, including capital line items, minor construction
projects, energy savings performance contracts, utility energy service contracts, al-
ternative financing and expense funding, as appropriate.
‘‘(d) ALTERNATIVE FINANCING OF RESEARCH FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Consistent with section 161(g) of the Atomic Energy Act of
1954 (42 U.S.C. 2201(g)), the Management and Operating contractors of the De-
partment may enter into the lease-purchase of research facilities and infrastruc-
ture under the scope of their contract with the Department with the approval
of the Secretary or their designee.
‘‘(2) LIMITATIONS.—To carry out lease-purchases approved by the Secretary
under subsection (a), the Department shall only be required to have budget au-
thority in an amount sufficient to cover the minimum required lease payments
through the period required to exercise a termination provision in the lease
agreement, plus any associated lease termination penalties, regardless of
whether such leased facility and infrastructure is on or off Government land,
and if—
‘‘(A) the Department has established a mission need for the facility or in-
frastructure to be leased;
‘‘(B) the facility or infrastructure is general purpose, including offices, lab-
oratories, cafeterias, utilities, and data centers;
‘‘(C) the Department is not a party to and has no financial obligations
under the lease-purchase transaction entered into by the Management and
Operating contractor, other than allowability of the lease cost and convey-
ance of Government land, if needed;
‘‘(D) the lease-purchase has an advance notice termination provision with
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reasonable pre-defined penalties that the Management and Operating con-
tractor may exercise, at the direction of the Department, if funding for the
lease is no longer available or the mission need ceases to exist;
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25
‘‘(E) there is an option for a no cost transfer of ownership to the Govern-
ment once the underlying financing is retired, but neither the Management
and Operating contractor nor the Department are obligated to purchase the
facility or infrastructure at any time during or after the lease term;
‘‘(F) the lease-purchase transaction, assuming exercise of the ownership
option, is demonstrated to be the lowest lifecycle cost alternative for the
Government; and
‘‘(G) the cumulative annual base rent for all lease-purchases of facilities
and infrastructure, inclusive of any transactions under consideration, does
not exceed 2 percent of the Management and Operating contract operating
budget for the year the commitment is made for the lease.
‘‘(3) REPORTING.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of
the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, and biennially thereafter,
the Department shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives,
and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and the Committee on
Appropriations of the Senate, a report on the lease-purchase transactions that
the Management and Operating contractors of the Department entered into
under subsection (a) that includes—
‘‘(A) a list of the lease-purchase transactions entered into by each Man-
agement and Operating contractor and their respective costs;
‘‘(B) the annual percentage of each Management and Operating contract
operating budget that is used for lease-purchase transactions for the year
the commitments were made; and
‘‘(C) any other information the Secretary finds appropriate.
‘‘(d) MID-SCALE INSTRUMENTATION PROGRAM.—The Director, in coordination with
each of the programs carried out by the Office of Science, shall establish a mid-scale
instrumentation program to enable the development and acquisition of novel, state-
of-the-art instruments ranging in cost from $1 million to $20 million each that
would significantly accelerate scientific breakthroughs at user facilities.
‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated
to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section $500,000,000 for
each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’.
SEC. 12. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42
U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 311 as added by this Act
the following:
‘‘SEC. 312. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support the development of a scientific
workforce through programs that facilitate collaboration between K–12, university
students, early-career researchers, faculty, and the National Laboratories, including
through the use of proven techniques to expand the number of individuals from
underrepresented groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate and grad-
uate degrees relevant to the Office’s mission.
‘‘(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 3169 of the Department of En-
ergy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C. 7381e) is amended—
‘‘(1) by striking, ‘programs’, and inserting ‘programs, including the NSF IN-
CLUDES National Network,’; and
‘‘(2) by striking, ‘year 1991’, and inserting ‘years 2022 through 2026’.’’.
(b) BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT FOR TEACHERS AND
SCIENTISTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Energy Science Education Enhancement
Act (42 U.S.C. 7381 note) is amended by inserting the following sections after
section 3167 (42 U.S.C. 7381c–1):
‘‘SEC. 3167A. BROADENING PARTICIPATION FOR TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall expand opportunities to increase the num-
ber and the diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly skilled science, technology, en-
gineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals working in Department of Energy
mission-relevant disciplines and broaden the recruitment pool to increase diversity,
including expanded partnerships with Historically Black Colleges, Tribal Colleges,
Minority Serving Institutions, emerging research institutions, and scientific soci-
eties.
‘‘(b) PLAN.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Department
of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee
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on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Energy and Natural Resources and the Committee on Commerce, Science,
and Transportation of the Senate and make available to the public a plan for broad-
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26
ening participation of underrepresented groups in science, technology, engineering,
and mathematics in programs supported by the Department programs, including—
‘‘(1) a plan for supporting and leveraging the National Science Foundation IN-
CLUDES National Network;
‘‘(2) metrics for assessing the participation of underrepresented groups in De-
partment programs;
‘‘(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening participation of under-
represented groups in Department programs, including recommended solutions;
and
‘‘(4) any other activities the Secretary finds appropriate.
‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Of the amounts authorized to be appro-
priated in section 3169 (42 U.S.C. 7381e), at least $2,000,000 shall be made avail-
able each fiscal year for the activities described under this subsection.
‘‘SEC. 3167B. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE THE DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLU-
SION OF HIGHLY SKILLED SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHE-
MATICS (STEM) PROFESSIONALS.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall expand opportunities to increase the num-
ber and the diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly skilled science, technology, en-
gineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals working in Department of Energy
mission-relevant disciplines and broaden the recruitment pool to increase diversity,
including expanded partnerships with minority-serving institutions, non-Research I
universities, and scientific societies.
‘‘(b) PLAN AND OUTREACH STRATEGY.—
‘‘(1) PLAN.—Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of the De-
partment of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Secretary shall submit to
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 10-
year educational plan to fund and expand new or existing programs adminis-
tered by the Office of Science and sited at the national laboratories and Depart-
ment of Energy user facilities to expand educational and workforce opportuni-
ties for underrepresented high school, undergraduate, and graduate students as
well as recent graduates, teachers and faculty in STEM fields. This may include
paid internships, fellowships, temporary employment, training programs, vis-
iting student and faculty programs, sabbaticals, and research support.
‘‘(2) OUTREACH CAPACITY.—The Secretary shall include in the plan under
paragraph (1) an outreach strategy to improve the advertising, recruitment, and
promotion of educational and workforce programs to community colleges, His-
torically Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal Colleges, Minority Serving In-
stitutions, and emerging research institutions.
‘‘(c) BUILDING RESEARCH CAPACITY.—The Secretary shall develop programs that
strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of Science disciplines at emerg-
ing research institutions, including minority-serving institutions, tribal colleges and
universities, Historically Black Colleges and Universities, and colleges and univer-
sities. This may include enabling mutually beneficial and jointly managed partner-
ships between research-intensive institutions and emerging research institutions,
and soliciting research proposals, fellowships, training programs, and research sup-
port directly from emerging research institutions.
‘‘(d) TRAINEESHIPS.—The Secretary shall establish a university-led Traineeship
Program to address workforce training needs in STEM fields relevant to the Depart-
ment. The focus should be on supporting training and research experiences for
underrepresented undergraduate and graduate students and increasing participa-
tion from underrepresented populations. The traineeships should include opportuni-
ties to build the next-generation workforce in research areas critical to maintaining
core competencies across the Office of Science’s programs.
‘‘(e) EVALUATION.—The Secretary shall establish key performance indicators to
measure and monitor progress of education and workforce programs and expand De-
partmental activities for data collection and analysis. The Secretary shall submit a
report 2 years after the date of enactment of the Department of Energy Science for
the Future Act, and every 2 years thereafter, to the Committee on Science, Space,
and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
Natural Resources of the Senate summarizing progress toward meeting key per-
formance indicators.
‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
‘‘(1) MINORITY-SERVING INSTITUTION.—The term ‘minority-serving institution’
includes the entities described in any of paragraphs (1) through (7) of section
371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
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‘‘(2) HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITIES.—The term ‘Historically
Black Colleges and Universities’ has the meaning given in ‘part B institution’
in section 322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
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27
‘‘(3) STEM.—The term ‘STEM’ has the meaning given the term in the STEM
Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1861 et seq.).
‘‘(4) TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES.—The term ‘Tribal College or Univer-
sity’ has the meaning given in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965
(20 U.S.C. 1059c).’’.
(2) Clerical amendment.—The table of contents in section 2(b) of the National
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991 is amended by inserting after
the item relating to section 3167 the following:
‘‘Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists.
‘‘Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities to increase the diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly skilled science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals.’’.
SEC. 13. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; OFFICE OF SCIENCE EMERGING IN-
FECTIOUS DISEASE COMPUTING RESEARCH INITIATIVE; HELIUM CONSERVATION
PROGRAM; AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42
U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘SEC. 313. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall establish a high intensity laser research ini-
tiative consistent with the recommendations of the National Academies report, ‘Op-
portunities in Intense Ultrafast Lasers: Reaching for the Brightest Light’, and the
report from the Brightest Light Initiative workshop on ‘The Future of Intense
Ultrafast Lasers in the U.S.’. This initiative should include research and develop-
ment of petawatt-scale and of high average power laser technologies necessary for
future facility needs in discovery science and to advance energy technologies, as well
as support for a user network of academic and national laboratory high intensity
laser facilities.
‘‘(b) LEVERAGE.—The Director shall also leverage new laser technologies for more
compact, less complex, and low-cost accelerator systems needed for science applica-
tions.
‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—The Director shall coordinate this initiative among all rel-
evant programs within the Office of Science, and the Under Secretary for Science
shall coordinate this initiative with other relevant programs within the Department
as well as within other Federal agencies.
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated for the Office of Science there are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec-
retary to carry out the activities described in this subsection—
‘‘(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
‘‘SEC. 314. HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a program to reduce the con-
sumption of helium for Department grant recipients and facilities and encourage he-
lium recycling and reuse. The program shall competitively award grants for—
‘‘(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and recycle helium;
‘‘(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and existing helium cap-
ture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
‘‘(3) helium alternatives research and development activities.
‘‘(b) REPORT.—In carrying out the program under this section, the Director shall
submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of House of Representa-
tives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report,
not later than two years after the date of enactment of the Department of Energy
Science for the Future Act, and every 3 years thereafter, on the purchase of helium
as part of research projects and facilities supported by the Department. The report
shall include—
‘‘(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and facilities supported by
Department grants;
‘‘(2) a cost-analysis for such helium;
‘‘(3) the predominant production sources for such helium;
‘‘(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply shortages or prices on
the research projects and facilities supported by the Department; and
‘‘(5) recommendations for reducing Department grant recipients’ exposure to
volatile helium prices.
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‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program under this section, the Director
shall coordinate with the National Science Foundation and other relevant Federal
agencies on helium conservation activities.
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‘‘(d) DURATION.—The program established under this section shall receive support
for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations.
‘‘(e) RENEWAL.—Upon expiration of any period of support of the program under
this section, the Director may renew support for the program for a period of not
more than 5 years.
‘‘SEC. 315. OFFICE OF SCIENCE EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASE COMPUTING RESEARCH INI-
TIATIVE.
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, shall establish within the Office of Science, a cross-cutting re-
search initiative to leverage the Federal Government’s innovative analytical re-
sources and tools, user facilities, and advanced computational and networking capa-
bilities in order to prevent, prepare for, and respond to emerging infectious diseases,
including COVID–19. The Secretary shall carry out this initiative through a com-
petitive, merit-reviewed process, and consider applications from National Labora-
tories, institutions of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, industry
partners and other appropriate entities.
‘‘(b) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the initiative established under subsection (a),
the Secretary shall coordinate with programs across the Office of Science and with
relevant Federal agencies to determine a comprehensive set of technical milestones
for these research activities and prioritize the following objectives—
‘‘(1) supporting fundamental research and development in advanced analytics,
experimental studies, materials synthesis, high-performance computing tech-
nologies needed to characterize, model, simulate, and predict complex phe-
nomena and biological materials related to emerging infectious diseases, includ-
ing COVID–19 challenges, including a focus on testing and diagnostics, experi-
mental data acquisition, sharing and management, advanced manufacturing,
and molecular design and modeling;
‘‘(2) using expertise from the private sector, institutions of higher education,
and the National Laboratories to develop computational software and capabili-
ties that prospective users may accelerate emerging infectious diseases research
and development;
‘‘(3) leveraging the research infrastructure of the Department, including sci-
entific computing user facilities, x-ray light sources, neutron scattering facili-
ties, nanoscale science research centers, and sequencing and bio-characteriza-
tion facilities by coordinating with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research,
Basic Energy Sciences, and Biological and Environmental Research programs
within the Office of Science;
‘‘(4) leveraging experience from existing modeling and simulation research
and work sponsored by the Department and promoting collaboration and data
sharing between National Laboratories, research entities, and user facilities of
the Department by providing the necessary access and secure data transfer ca-
pabilities; and
‘‘(5) ensuring that new experimental and computational tools are accessible to
relevant research communities, including private sector entities to address
emerging infectious diseases, including COVID–19 challenges.
‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this initiative, the Secretary shall ensure, to
the maximum extent practicable, coordination of these activities with the Depart-
ment of Energy National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and the pri-
vate sector.
‘‘(d) EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING RESEARCH
CONSORTIUM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary in coordination with the Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation and the Director of the Office of Science and Tech-
nology Policy shall establish and operate an Emerging Infectious Diseases High
Performance Computing Research Consortium (referred to in this section as the
‘Consortium’), in order to support the initiative under subsection (a) by pro-
viding, to the extent practicable, a centralized entity for multidisciplinary, col-
laborative, emerging infectious disease research and development through high
performance computing and advanced data analytics technologies and processes.
‘‘(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of such consortium may include representa-
tives from relevant Federal agencies, the private sector, institutions of higher
education, which can each contribute relevant compute time, capabilities, or
other resources.
‘‘(3) ACTIVITIES.—The Consortium shall—
‘‘(A) match applicants with available Federal and private sector com-
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puting resources;
‘‘(B) consider supplemental awards for computing partnerships with Con-
sortium members to qualifying entities on a competitive merit-review basis;
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29
‘‘(C) encourage collaboration and communication among member rep-
resentatives of the consortium and awardees;
‘‘(D) make available the high-performance computing capabilities, exper-
tise, and user facilities of the Department and the National Laboratories;
and
‘‘(E) submit an annual report to the Secretary summarizing the activities
of the Consortium, including—
‘‘(i) describing each project undertaken by the Consortium;
‘‘(ii) detailing organizational expenditures; and
‘‘(iii) evaluating contribution to the achievement of technical mile-
stones as determined in subsection (a).
‘‘(4) COORDINATION.—The Secretary shall ensure the coordination of, and
avoid unnecessary duplication of, the activities of the Consortium with the ac-
tivities of other research entities of the Department, institutions of higher edu-
cation and the private sector.
‘‘(e) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of the Depart-
ment of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Com-
mittee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House, and the Committee on En-
ergy and Natural Resources of the Senate, and the Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report detailing the effectiveness of—
‘‘(1) the interagency coordination between each Federal agency involved in the
research initiative carried out under this section;
‘‘(2) the collaborative research achievements of the initiative, including the
achievement of the technical milestones determined under subsection (a); and
‘‘(3) potential opportunities to expand the technical capabilities of the Depart-
ment.
‘‘(f) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated for the Depart-
ment’s Office of Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out
the activities under this subsection, $50,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 and 2023.
‘‘(g) PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—No funds allocated to the initiative described in subsection
(a) may be obligated or expended for gain-of-function research of concern.
‘‘(2) GAIN-OF-FUNCTION RESEARCH DEFINED.—For the purposes of this sub-
section, ‘gain-of-function research of concern’ means research activities with the
potential to generate pathogens with high transmissibility and high virulence
in humans.
‘‘SEC. 316. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activi-
ties described in this title—
‘‘(1) $8,801,915,000 for fiscal year 2022;
‘‘(2) $9,451,015,300 for fiscal year 2023;
‘‘(3) $10,160,677,621 for fiscal year 2024;
‘‘(4) $10,693,625,004 for fiscal year 2025; and
‘‘(5) $11,145,798,345 for fiscal year 2026.’’.
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—Section 1(b) of the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act is amended in the table of contents by inserting after the item relat-
ing to section 309 the following:
‘‘Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development.
‘‘Sec. 311. Isotope Development and Production for Research Applications.
‘‘Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
‘‘Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative.
‘‘Sec. 314. Helium conservation program.
‘‘Sec. 315. Office of Science Emerging Infectious Disease Computing Research Initiative.
‘‘Sec. 316. Authorization of appropriations.’’.
SEC. 14. STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES PROHIBITION.
(a) INNOVATE IN AMERICA.—None of the funds authorized or made available by
this Act, or the amendments made by this Act, may be used in awarding a contract,
subcontract, grant, or loan to an entity that—
(1) is owned or controlled by, is a subsidiary of, or is otherwise related legally
or financially to a corporation based in a country that—
(A) is identified as a nonmarket economy country (as defined in section
771(18) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1677(18))) as of the date of en-
actment of this Act;
(B) was identified by the United States Trade Representative in the most
recent report required by section 182 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C.
2242) as a priority foreign country under subsection (a)(2) of that section;
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and
(C) is subject to monitoring by the Trade Representative under section
306 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2416); or
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30
(2) is listed pursuant to section 9(b)(3) of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy
Act of 2020 (Public Law 116–145).
(b) EXCEPTION.—For purposes of subsection (a), the Secretary may issue a waiver,
to be made publicly available, to an entity in which the legal or financial connection
to a corporation is a minority relationship or investment.
(c) INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS.—This section shall be applied in a manner con-
sistent with the obligations of the United States under international agreements.
II. PURPOSE OF THE BILL
The purpose of the bill is to amend the Department of Energy
Organization Act, the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the Department
of Energy Research and Innovation Act, the National Quantum Ini-
tiative Act, and the Department of Energy Science Education En-
hancement Act to provide guidance for and investment in the re-
search and development activities of the Department of Energy Of-
fice of Science, and for other purposes. H.R. 3593 is sponsored by
Ms. Johnson and co-sponsored by Mr. Lucas, Mr. Bowman, and Mr.
Weber.
III. BACKGROUND AND NEED FOR THE LEGISLATION
The Department of Energy Science for the Future Act authorizes
the Department of Energy’s Office of Science, which accounts for
over half of DOE’s non-defense R&D budget and supports a wide
range of research facilities and activities.
Comprehensive policy and funding authorization for the Office
has never been enacted, and many construction projects supported
by the Office are at risk of schedule delays and total cost increases
if they are not fully supported. The bill authorizes appropriations
for the Office of Science of $8.8 billion for fiscal year 2022 with an-
nual 7% increases for the office’s core research programs, reaching
$11.1 billion for fiscal year 2026. In addition to authorizing appro-
priations for core research programs, the bill authorizes Office of
Science construction projects and upgrades of major scientific user
facilities at levels required for them to be completed on time and
on budget, while incorporating COVID–19 related impacts. Author-
ization levels for construction activities and total program funding
is designed to ensure that support for core research can grow annu-
ally, independent of each project schedule.
IV. COMMITTEE HEARINGS
Pursuant to House Rule XIII, clause 3(c)(6), the Committee des-
ignates the following hearings as having been used to develop or
consider the legislation:
On January 15th, 2020, in a hearing entitled The Department of
Energy’s Office of Science: Exploring the Next Frontiers in Energy
Research and Scientific Discovery, the Subcommittee examined the
Office of Science as a whole and analyzed the research and develop-
ment activities and facilities supported by the office, considering
potential directions for its various programs.
Witnesses
• Dr. Chris Fall, Director, Office of Science, U.S. Depart-
ment of Energy
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On September 11th, 2020, the Subcommittee on Energy held a
legislative hearing entitled Biological Research at the Department
of Energy: Leveraging DOE’s Unique Capabilities to Respond to the
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31
COVID–19 Pandemic. The hearing examined the biological re-
search and development activities within the Office of Science’s Bi-
ological and Environmental Research (BER) program. It analyzed
historic reasons for the Department’s bioscience research capabili-
ties; how BER’s research tools were leveraged to respond to the
COVID–19 pandemic; and future directions for the Department’s
biological research activities.
Witnesses
• Dr. Mary Maxon, Associate Laboratory Director for Bio-
sciences, Department of Energy, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory
• Dr. Debra Mohnen, Professor, Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia
• Dr. Glenn C. Randall, Chair, Committee on Microbiology,
The University of Chicago
• Dr. Kelly C. Wrighton, Associate Professor, Department of
Soil and Crop Science, Colorado State University
On May 4th, 2021, the Subcommittee on Energy held a hearing
entitled Climate and Energy Science Research at the Department of
Energy that examined the Basic Energy Sciences (BES) program as
a whole and the Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Divi-
sion within the Office of Science’s BER program. The hearing ana-
lyzed climate and environmental systems research and its impor-
tance to understanding and reducing the threat of climate change.
Within BES, the hearing focused on initiatives to advance material
and chemical sciences research for a broad range of energy applica-
tions.
Witnesses
• Dr. Kristin Persson, Director, Molecular Foundry, Law-
rence Berkeley National Laboratory
• Dr. Fikile Brushett, Associate Professor of Chemical Engi-
neering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Dr. Esther Takeuchi, Chair, Interdisciplinary Science De-
partment, Brookhaven National Laboratory
• Dr. Xubin Zeng, Professor, Hydrology and Atmospheric
Sciences, The University of Arizona
• Dr. Narasimha Rao, Associate Professor of Energy Sys-
tems, Yale School of the Environment
On May 19th, 2021, in a hearing entitled Accelerating Discovery:
The Future of Scientific Computing at the Department of Energy,
the Subcommittee on Energy held a legislative hearing that exam-
ined the scientific computing capabilities stewarded by the Office
of Science’s Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) pro-
gram, including its forthcoming exascale systems, and the implica-
tions of these capabilities for other scientific disciplines and their
relevance to pressing societal challenges.
Witnesses
• Dr. J. Stephen Binkley, Acting Director, Office of Science,
Department of Energy
• Dr. Georgia Tourassi, Director, National Center for Com-
putational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
• Dr. Karen Willcox, Director, Oden Institute for Computa-
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tional Engineering and Sciences at The University of Texas at
Austin
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32
• Dr. Christopher Monroe, Co-Founder and Chief Scientist,
IonQ, Inc.
• Dr. Seny Kamara, Associate Professor, Brown University
The full Committee held a legislative hearing on May 27th, 2021
entitled Overview of the Science and Energy Research Enterprise of
the U.S. Department of Energy, that examined the research, devel-
opment, demonstration, and commercialization programs and ac-
tivities carried out by DOE. It also considered the goals and im-
pacts of the Department’s Fiscal Year 2022 discretionary budget re-
quest, including funding levels and overall support for the Office of
Science, facility construction, and fusion research.
Witnesses
• The Honorable Jennifer Granholm, Secretary of Energy,
U.S. Department of Energy
V. COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION AND VOTES
The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology met to con-
sider H.R. 3593 on June 15, 2021.
Chairwoman Johnson offered an amendment in the nature of a
substitute to make technical corrections and conforming changes.
The amendment was agreed to by a voice vote.
Mr. Foster offered an amendment to direct programs to update
their roadmaps with the assumption of a budget doubling over 10
years. The amendment was agreed to by a voice vote.
Ms. Moore offered an amendment to authorize clean water and
watershed research efforts. The amendment was agreed to by a
voice vote.
Mr. Meijer and Mr. McNerney offered an amendment that re-
quires the DOE Secretary to establish an initiative focused on the
development of engineered ecosystems through artificial intel-
ligence, novel sensing capabilities, and other emerging tech-
nologies. The amendment was agreed to by a voice vote.
Ms. Lofgren offered an amendment that establishes the Super-
computing for Safer Chemicals (SUPERSAFE) Consortium to lever-
age supercomputing capabilities at the National Laboratories for
large scale identification of toxic substances and development of
safer alternatives. The amendment was withdrawn.
Mr. McNerney offered an amendment that establishes the En-
ergy Sciences Network user facility as platform for developing and
testing quantum networking infrastructure technologies. The
amendment was agreed to by a voice vote.
Mr. Beyer offered an amendment that establishes national teams
for conceptual fusion pilot plant designs and technology roadmaps.
The amendment was agreed to by a voice vote.
Mr. Foster offered an amendment that is a Sense of Congress
and ensures that Office of Science Authorizations are adjusted for
inflation. The amendment was withdrawn.
Mr. Waltz offered an amendment that prohibits gain-of-function
research of concern. The amendment was agreed to by a voice vote.
Mr. Posey offered an amendment that prohibits funds going to
state-owned enterprises. The amendment was agreed to by a voice
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vote.
Chairwoman Johnson moved that the Committee favorably re-
port the bill, H.R. 3593, as amended, to the House of Representa-
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33
tives with the recommendation that the bill be approved. The mo-
tion was agreed to by a voice vote.
VI. SUMMARY OF MAJOR PROVISIONS OF THE BILL
H.R. 3593 supports research relevant to advancing the next gen-
eration of energy storage, solar, hydrogen, critical materials, fusion
energy, manufacturing, carbon removal, and bioenergy tech-
nologies, among other areas. It would support the modernization of
the Office’s nanoscience centers, and support and guide research in
emerging areas, including quantum information science and artifi-
cial intelligence. The bill directs the Office to expand opportunities
to increase the number and the diversity, equity, and inclusion of
highly skilled STEM professionals working in DOE mission-rel-
evant disciplines. And it requires the Office to coordinate and col-
laborate with other relevant programs supported by DOE as well
as with other relevant federal agencies.
The six major research programs authorized in this bill are Ad-
vanced Scientific Computing Research, Basic Energy Sciences, Bio-
logical and Environmental Research, Fusion Energy Sciences, High
Energy Physics, and Nuclear Physics. It also supports education
initiatives through its Workforce Development for Teachers and
Scientists program and general infrastructure projects for research
facilities.
VII. SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS (BY TITLE AND SECTION)
Sec. 1. Short title
Section 1 establishes that H.R. 3593 may be cited as the ‘‘Depart-
ment of Energy Science for the Future Act’’.
Sec. 2. Mission of the Office of Science
Section 2 amends the Department of Energy Organization Act
(42 U.S.C. 7139) by authorizing the Director of the Office of Science
to steward scientific user facilities and coordinate programs and ac-
tivities of the Office of Science. This section also authorizes the
Secretary of Energy to coordinate the activities of the Office of
Science with other offices of the Department of Energy and other
Federal Agencies.
Sec. 3. Basic energy sciences program
Subsection (a) amends the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18641) by authorizing a research and de-
velopment program in basic energy sciences, including materials
science and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences,
geosciences, and other disciplines; prioritizing research and devel-
opment in sustainable chemistry to enable clean, safe, and eco-
nomic alternatives and methodologies to traditional chemical prod-
ucts and processes; and authorizing annual appropriations and pro-
viding other guidance for major construction projects.
Subsection (b) amends Section 973 of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) by authorizing various research and devel-
opment activities related to artificial photosynthesis and author-
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izing annual appropriations.
Subsection (c) amends Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) by authorizing various research and devel-
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34
opment activities related to electricity storage and authorizing an-
nual appropriations.
Sec. 4. Biological and environmental research
Subsection (a) amends Section 306 of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) by authorizing re-
search and development program in biological systems science and
climate and environment science relevant to the development of
new energy technologies and to support the energy, environment,
and national security missions of the Department.
Subsection (b) amends Section 977(f) of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(f)) by authorizing up to six bioenergy re-
search centers focused on fundamental research in plant and mi-
crobial systems biology, biological imaging and analysis, and
genomics to accelerate the research, development, and commercial
application of bioenergy sources and biobased products. It also pro-
vides guidance on the research thrusts, duration, selection, part-
nership efforts, and other activities and characteristics of these
centers.
Subsection (c) amends Section 306(e)(8) of the Department of En-
ergy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(e)(8)) by au-
thorizing annual appropriations for a Low-Dose Radiation Research
Program.
Subsection (d) amends Section 306(f) of the Department of En-
ergy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(d)) by directing
the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Administrator of
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, to carry out a
basic research program on the similarities and differences between
low-dose radiation exposure on Earth, in low-Earth orbit, and in
the space environment.
Subsection (e) amends Section 306 of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) by: authorizing re-
search in Earth and environment systems science, including in
clean water and watersheds and climate and Earth modeling, and
through a new mid-scale funding mechanism; providing guidance
on the stewardship of biological and environmental research user
facilities; and establishing new initiatives in coastal zone research
and engineered ecosystems.
Sec. 5. Advanced scientific computing research
Subsection (a) amends Section 304 0f the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) by authorizing: a
program to steward applied mathematics, computational science,
and computer science research relevant to the mission of the De-
partment; support research to accelerate the development of ad-
vanced computing and networking technologies; and expansion of
funding for the Computational Science Graduate Fellowship. Sub-
section (a) also: provides guidance on activities necessary for the
long-term sustainment of the Exascale computing ecosystem; estab-
lishes new initiatives in next-generation computing, heterogeneous
computing architectures, and energy efficient computing; and pro-
vides guidance on the future of the Energy Sciences Network. Fi-
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nally, Subsection (a) establishes programs to support quantum net-
work infrastructure research and development and broaden access
to quantum computing resources, and directs the Secretary of En-
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35
ergy of ensure the equitable use of the Department’s high-perform-
ance computing resources.
Sec. 6. Fusion energy research
Subsection (a) amends Section 307 of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) by authorizing: ap-
propriations for research and development of fusion materials, iner-
tial fusion concepts for energy applications, and a milestone-based
development program; the establishment of national teams to de-
velop conceptual designs and technology roadmaps for a pilot fusion
plant; the establishment of a high-performance computation col-
laborative research program and an associated innovation center in
high-performance computing for fusion; and construction of the Ma-
terial Plasma Exposure Experiment and the Matter in Extreme
Conditions Instrument Upgrade project.
Subsection (b) amends Section 972 of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312) by authorizing annual appropriations for
the construction of the ITER international fusion project.
Sec. 7. High energy physics program
Subsection (a) amends Section 305 of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) by authorizing a re-
search program in elementary particle physics and associated ad-
vanced technology research and development, including activities
that leverage high energy accelerators and advanced detectors to
create and study the interaction of elementary particles and to in-
vestigate the fundamental forces of physics.
Subsection (b) amends Section 305(d) of the Department of En-
ergy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18634(d)) by author-
izing the Director to ensure the participation of the United States
in international efforts related to the Large Hadron Collider, en-
courage international participation in the Long Baseline Neutrino
Facility and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, and
prioritize engagement in future international facilities.
Subsection (c) amends Section 305(f) of the Department of En-
ergy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645(f)) by author-
izing research in fundamental cosmic phenomena and collaboration
with other Federal Agencies and international partners on associ-
ated facilities and experiments.
Subsection (d) amends Section 305 of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) by authorizing the
construction of major facilities and items of equipment rec-
ommended by the 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel
report entitled ‘‘Building for Discovery’’; upgrades to existing accel-
erators and detectors; accelerator and detector research and devel-
opment; and a program in underground science.
Sec. 8. Nuclear physics
Subsection (a) amends Section 308 of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18646) by authorizing a re-
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search program in nuclear matter and providing guidance and au-
thorization levels for the construction of the Facility for Rare Iso-
tope Beams and the Electron-Ion Collider.
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Sec. 9. Accelerator research and development
Section 9 amends the Department of Energy Research and Inno-
vation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) by authorizing a program to
advance accelerator science and technology of relevance to the mis-
sion of the Department; foster partnerships to develop, dem-
onstrate, and enable the commercial application of such tech-
nologies; support associated workforce development activities; and
provide access to accelerator design and engineering resources.
Sec. 10. Isotope development and production for research applica-
tions
Section 10 amends the Department of Energy Research and In-
novation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) by authorizing a program to
produce isotopes for use in research, medical, industrial, and re-
lated purposes and to advance isotope production methods and
techniques. Section 10 also directs the Secretary to ensure that any
activities carried out under this program do not compete with pri-
vate industry unless such activities are warranted by national se-
curity concerns.
Sec. 11. Science laboratories infrastructure program
Subsection (a) amends Section 309 of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18647) by authorizing the
Director of the Office of Science to employ all available approaches
and funding mechanisms to address science laboratory infrastruc-
ture needs; specifying limitations for pursuing alternative financing
means; and mandating a biennial report on the Department’s lease-
purchase transactions. Subsection (a) also establishes a mid-scale
instrumentation program to enable the acquisition and develop-
ment of instruments ranging in cost between $1 million and $20
million.
Sec. 12. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists
Subsection (a) amends the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) by authorizing the Direc-
tor of the Office of Science to support the development of a sci-
entific workforce through programs that foster collaboration be-
tween K–12 students, university students, early-career researchers,
faculty, and national laboratories, including through proven mecha-
nisms for engaging individuals from underrepresented groups.
Subsection (b) amends the Department of Energy Science Edu-
cation Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C. 7381) by directing the Sec-
retary of Energy to expand opportunities to increase the number
and the diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly skilled STEM pro-
fessionals working in the Department’s mission-relevant disciplines
and broaden the recruitment pool to increase diversity, including
expanded partnerships with minority-serving institutions, emerg-
ing research institutions, and scientific societies. Subsection (b)
also directs the Office of Science to collaborate with the National
Science Foundation to support and leverage the National Science
Foundation Inclusion across the Nation of Communities of Learn-
ers of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering and Science
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(NSF INCLUDES) National Network to expand the number of stu-
dents, early-career researchers, and faculty from underrepresented
groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate and grad-
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37
uate degrees in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
fields relevant to the Department’s mission.
Sec. 13. High intensity laser research initiative; office of science
emerging infectious disease initiative; helium conservation pro-
gram; authorization of appropriations
Subsection (a) amends the Department of Energy Research and
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) by authorizing the estab-
lishment of a high intensity laser research initiative to advance
laser technologies relevant to future facility needs in discovery
science as well as to support a user network of academic and na-
tional laboratory high intensity laser facilities; and establishes a
program to reduce the use of helium among the Department’s
grantees and facilities by encouraging recycling and reuse. This
subsection also authorizes the Secretary of Energy, in coordination
with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration and the Director of the National Science Foundation,
to carry out a crosscutting initiative that leverages the Federal
Government’s relevant analytical resources and tools, user facili-
ties, and advanced computational and networking capabilities to
prevent, prepare for, and respond to emerging infectious diseases,
including COVID–19. Finally, subsection (a) also authorizes annual
appropriations for the Office of Science.
Subsection (b) amends Section 1(b) of the Department of Energy
Research and Innovation Act by inserting a Table of Contents that
reflects the amendatory language included in H.R. 3593.
Sec. 14. State owned enterprises prohibition
Subsection (a) stipulates that none of the funds authorized under
H.R. 3593 may be used in awarding a contract, subcontract, grant,
or loan to any entity that is legally or financially related to a cor-
poration based in a country that is identified as a nonmarket econ-
omy country pursuant to Section 771(18) of the Tariff Act of 1930
(19 U.S.C. 1677(18)); was identified by the U.S. Trade Representa-
tive as a priority foreign country pursuant to Section 182(a)(2) of
the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2242); or is subject to monitoring
by the U.S. Trade Representative under Section 306 of the Trade
Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2416). This subsection also prohibits the use
of funds authorized under H.R. 3593 from being awarded to any
entity that is legally or financially related to a corporation based
in a country that is listed pursuant to Section 9(b)(3) of the Uyghur
Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 (Public Law 116 145).
Subsection (b) authorizes the Secretary of Energy to grant a pub-
licly available waiver to a an entity that might qualify under Sub-
section (a) if such an entity possesses a minority relationship or in-
vestment.
Subsection (c) stipulates that Section 14 shall be applied in a
manner that is consistent with U.S. obligations under international
agreements.
VIII. COMMITTEE VIEWS
In carrying out the activities authorized in the Act, it is the view
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of the Committee that the Department should ensure that future
budget requests include the resources required to maintain the pre-
viously approved schedule of construction activities supported by
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38
the Department and minimize the total costs for such projects. It
is also the view of the Committee that the Department should
maintain and, as authorized, grow its support for non-construction
research activities in promising scientific fields even as it invests
in building the next generation of scientific facilities and tools.
IX. COST ESTIMATE
The committee establishes cost estimates based on CBO scores
but, at the time of the filing of this report, there was no CBO esti-
mate upon which to base the committee’s cost estimate.
X. CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE COST ESTIMATE
No Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate at the time of fil-
ing.
XI. FEDERAL MANDATES STATEMENT
H.R. 3593 contains no unfunded mandates.
XII. COMMITTEE OVERSIGHT FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The Committee’s oversight findings and recommendations are re-
flected in the body of this report.
XIII. STATEMENT ON GENERAL PERFORMANCE GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES
Pursuant to House Rule XIII clause (3)(c)(4), the goals of H.R.
3593 are to provide guidance for and investment in the research
and development activities of the Department of Energy Office of
Science, and to fully fund construction projects that are planned or
underway stewarded by the Office of Science.
XIV. FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE STATEMENT
No Federal Advisory Committees are created in H.R. 3593.
XV. DUPLICATION OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS
Pursuant to House Rule XIII 3(c)(5), the Committee finds that no
provision of H.R. 3593 establishes or reauthorizes a program of the
federal government known to be duplicative of another federal pro-
gram, including any program that was included in a report to Con-
gress pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111–139 or the most re-
cent Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance.
XVI. EARMARK IDENTIFICATION
Pursuant to clause 9(e), 9(f), and 9(g) of House Rule XXI, the
Committee finds that H.R. 3593 contains no earmarks, limited tax
benefits, or limited tariff benefits.
XVII. APPLICABILITY TO THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
The Committee finds that H.R. 3593 does not relate to the terms
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and conditions of employment or access to public services or accom-
modations within the meaning of section 102(b)(3) of the Congres-
sional Accountability Act (Public Law 104–1).
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39
XVIII. STATEMENT ON PREEMPTION OF STATE, LOCAL, OR TRIBAL
LAW
This bill is not intended to preempt any state, local, or tribal law.
XIX. CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW MADE BY THE BILL, AS REPORTED
In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of the
House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by the bill,
as reported, are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omit-
ted is enclosed in black brackets, new matter is printed in italics,
and existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in
roman):
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ORGANIZATION ACT
* * * * * * *
TITLE II—ESTABLISHMENT OF THE DEPARTMENT
* * * * * * *
OFFICE OF SCIENCE
SEC. 209. (a) There shall be within the Department an Office of
Science to be headed by a Director, who shall be appointed by the
President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and
who shall be compensated at the rate provided for level IV of the
Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States
Code.
(b) It shall be the duty and responsibility of the Director—
(1) to advise the Secretary with respect to the physical re-
search program transferred to the Department from the En-
ergy Research and Development Administration;
(2) to monitor the Department’s energy research and devel-
opment programs in order to advise the Secretary with respect
to any undesirable duplication or gaps in such programs;
(3) to advise the Secretary with respect to the well-being and
management of the multipurpose laboratories under the juris-
diction of the Department, excluding laboratories that con-
stitute part of the nuclear weapons complex;
(4) to advise the Secretary with respect to education and
training activities required for effective short- and long-term
basic and applied research activities of the Department;
(5) to advise the Secretary with respect to grants and other
forms of financial assistance required for effective short- and
long-term basic and applied research activities of the Depart-
ment; and
(6) to carry out such additional duties assigned to the Office
by the Secretary.
(c) MISSION.—The mission of the Office of Science shall be the de-
livery of scientific discoveries, capabilities, and major scientific
tools to transform the understanding of nature and to advance the
energy, economic, and national security of the United States.
(d) USER FACILITIES.—The Director shall carry out the construc-
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tion, operation, and maintenance of user facilities to support the
mission described in subsection (c). As practicable, these facilities
shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, the academic
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40
community, and other relevant entities for the purposes of advanc-
ing the missions of the Department, improving the competitiveness
of the United States, protecting public health and safety, and ad-
dressing other national priorities including emergencies.
(e) COORDINATION.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary—
(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office of Science
with the other activities of the Department;
(B) shall support joint activities among the programs of
the Department;
(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal agencies
in supporting advancements in related research areas as
appropriate; and
(D) may form partnerships to enhance the utilization of
and ensure access to user facilities by other Federal agen-
cies.
(2) OFFICE OF SCIENCE.—The Director—
(A) shall ensure the coordination of programs and activi-
ties carried out by the Office of Science; and
(B) shall direct all programs which have not recently
completed a future planning roadmap consistent with the
funding of such programs authorized under the Depart-
ment of Energy Science for the Future Act to complete such
a roadmap.
* * * * * * *
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH AND
INNOVATION ACT
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of
Energy Research and Innovation Act’’.
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of this Act is as
follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
* * * * * * *
TITLE III—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF SCIENCE POLICY
* * * * * * *
Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development.
Sec. 311. Isotope Development and Production for Research Applications.
Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative.
Sec. 314. Helium conservation program.
Sec. 315. Office of Science Emerging Infectious Disease Computing Research Initia-
tive.
Sec. 316. Authorization of appropriations.
* * * * * * *
TITLE III—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
OFFICE OF SCIENCE POLICY
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* * * * * * *
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41
SEC. 303. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES.
(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139),
the Director shall carry out a research and development program in
basic energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering,
chemical sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other dis-
ciplines, to understand, model, and control matter and energy at the
electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foun-
dations for new energy technologies, address scientific grand chal-
lenges, and support the energy, environment, and national security
missions of the Department.
(b) SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY.—In carrying out chemistry-related
research and development activities under this section, the Director
shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry
to support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies
to traditional chemical products and processes.
ø(a)¿ (c) ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH CENTERS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a program to
provide awards, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to
multi-institutional collaborations or other appropriate entities
to conduct fundamental and use-inspired energy research to ac-
celerate scientific breakthroughs.
(2) COLLABORATIONS.—A collaboration receiving an award
under this subsection may include multiple types of institu-
tions and private sector entities.
(3) SELECTION AND DURATION.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—A collaboration under this subsection
shall be selected for a period of 4 years.
(B) EXISTING CENTERS.—An Energy Frontier Research
Center in existence and supported by the Director on the
date of enactment of this Act may continue to receive sup-
port for a period of 4 years beginning on the date of estab-
lishment of that center.
(C) REAPPLICATION.—After the end of the period de-
scribed in subparagraph (A) or (B), as applicable, a recipi-
ent of an award may reapply for selection on a competitive,
merit-reviewed basis.
(D) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing authori-
ties of the Department, the Director may terminate an
underperforming center for cause during the performance
period.
(4) NO FUNDING FOR CONSTRUCTION.—No funding provided
pursuant to this subsection may be used for the construction
of new buildings or facilities.
ø(b)¿ (d) BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES USER FACILITIES.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a program for
the development, construction, operation, and maintenance of
national user facilities.
(2) REQUIREMENTS.—To the maximum extent practicable, the
national user facilities developed, constructed, operated, or
maintained under paragraph (1) shall serve the needs of the
Department, industry, the academic community, and other rel-
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evant entities to create and examine materials and chemical
processes for the purpose of improving the competitiveness of
the United States.
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42
(3) INCLUDED FACILITIES.—The national user facilities devel-
oped, constructed, operated, or maintained under paragraph (1)
shall include—
(A) x-ray light sources;
(B) neutron sources;
(C) nanoscale science research centers; øand¿
(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis and
characterization facilities that leverage advances in artifi-
cial intelligence; and
ø(D)¿ (E) such other facilities as the Director considers
appropriate, consistent with section 209 of the Department
of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139).
(4) ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE UPGRADE.—
(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph:
(i) FLUX.—The term ‘‘flux’’ means the rate of flow of
photons.
(ii) HARD X-RAY.—The term ‘‘hard x-ray’’ means a
photon with energy greater than 20 kiloelectron volts.
(B) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the up-
grade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the pub-
lication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory
Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility Up-
grades’’, including the development of a multi-bend
achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays
within the hard x-ray energy region and a suite of
beamlines optimized for this source.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc-
curs before March 31, 2026.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (j), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this para-
graph $157,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
(5) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE PROTON POWER UPGRADE.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the pro-
ton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron Source.
(B) PROTON POWER UPGRADE DEFINED.—For the purposes
of this paragraph, the term ‘‘proton power upgrade’’ means
the Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described
in—
(i) the publication titled ‘‘Facilities for the Future of
Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published by the Of-
fice of Science of the Department of Energy in Decem-
ber, 2003;
(ii) the publication titled ‘‘Four Years Later: An In-
terim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A
Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published by the Office of
Science of the Department of Energy in August, 2007;
and
(iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy
Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled
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‘‘Report on Facility Upgrades’’.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
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43
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc-
curs before December 31, 2028.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (j), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this para-
graph $49,800,000 for fiscal year 2022.
(6) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE SECOND TARGET STATION.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for a sec-
ond target station for the Spallation Neutron Source.
(B) SECOND TARGET STATION DEFINED.—For the purposes
of this paragraph, the term ‘‘second target station’’ means
the Spallation Neutron Source second target station de-
scribed in—
(i) the publication titled, ‘‘Facilities for the Future of
Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published by the Of-
fice of Science of the Department of Energy in Decem-
ber, 2003;
(ii) the publication titled, ‘‘Four Years Later: An In-
terim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A
Twenty-Year Outlook’’, published by the Office of
Science of the Department of Energy in August, 2007;
and
(iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy
Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled
‘‘Report on Facility Upgrades’’.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
of full operations of the second target station under this
paragraph occurs before December 31, 2030, with the op-
tion for early operation in 2029.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (j), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this para-
graph, including construction—
(i) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $204,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(iv) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(v) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(7) ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE UPGRADE.—
(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph:
(i) FLUX.—The term ‘‘flux’’ means the rate of flow of
photons.
(ii) SOFT X-RAY.—The term ‘‘soft x-ray’’ means a pho-
ton with energy in the range from 50 to 2,000 electron
volts.
(B) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the up-
grade to the Advanced Light Source described in the publi-
cation approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory
Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility Up-
grades’’, including the development of a multibend
achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays
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within the soft x-ray energy region.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
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44
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc-
curs before September 30, 2029.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (j), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this para-
graph—
(i) $75,100,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(v) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(8) LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE II HIGH ENERGY UP-
GRADE.—
(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph:
(i) HIGH ENERGY X-RAY.—The term ‘‘high energy x-
ray’’ means a photon with an energy in the 5 to 13
kiloelectron volt range.
(ii) HIGH REPETITION RATE.—The term ‘‘high repeti-
tion rate’’ means the delivery of x-ray pulses up to 1
million pulses per second.
(iii) ULTRA-SHORT PULSE X-RAYS.—The term ‘‘ultra-
short pulse x-rays’’ means x-ray bursts capable of dura-
tions of less than 100 femtoseconds.
(B) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall—
(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent
Light Source II facility described in the publication ap-
proved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Com-
mittee on June 9, 2016, titled ‘‘Report on Facility Up-
grades’’, including the development of experimental ca-
pabilities for high energy x-rays to reveal fundamental
scientific discoveries; and
(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the production and
use of high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at
a high repetition rate.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc-
curs before December 31, 2026.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (j), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this para-
graph—
(i) $106,925,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $125,925,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(iv) $89,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(v) $49,344,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(9) CRYOMODULE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE FACILITY.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the
construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance facil-
ity to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II and up-
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grades to the facility. The Secretary shall consult with the
private sector, universities, National Laboratories, and rel-
evant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility has the
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45
capability to maintain, repair, and test superconducting ra-
diofrequency accelerator components.
(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (j), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this para-
graph—
(i) $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
(iv) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
(10) NANOSCALE SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTER RECAPITALIZA-
TION PROJECT.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the re-
capitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research Centers, to
include the upgrade of equipment at each Center supported
by the Office of Science on the date of enactment of the De-
partment of Energy Science for the Future Act, to accelerate
advances in the various fields of science including nano-
science, materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum infor-
mation science.
(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (j), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the recapitalization under this
paragraph—
(i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
(iv) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
ø(c)¿ (e) ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—The Di-
rector shall carry out research and development on advanced accel-
erator and storage ring technologies relevant to the development of
basic energy sciences user facilities, in consultation with the High
Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics programs of the Office of
Science.
ø(d)¿ (f) SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 973 of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended to read as follows:
‘‘SEC. SEC. 973. SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
‘‘(a) INITIATIVE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a research
initiative, to be known as the ‘Solar Fuels Research Initiative’
(referred to in this section as the ‘Initiative’) to expand theo-
retical and fundamental knowledge of photochemistry, electro-
chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science useful for the
practical development of experimental systems to convert solar
energy to chemical energy.
‘‘(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs and activities
under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and
resources from—
‘‘(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program and the Biologi-
cal and Environmental Research Program of the Office of
Science; and
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‘‘(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En-
ergy.
‘‘(3) TEAMS.—
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46
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the Initiative, the
Secretary shall organize activities among multidisciplinary
teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, ex-
pertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of
higher education, and the private sector.
‘‘(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams described in
subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driv-
en, basic research goals.
‘‘(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall provide sufficient
resources to the multidisciplinary teams described in sub-
paragraph (A) to achieve the goals described in subpara-
graph (B) over a period of time to be determined by the
Secretary.
‘‘(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary may organize
additional activities under this subsection through Energy
Frontier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other
organizational structures.
‘‘(b) ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge sci-
entific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to, artifi-
cial photosynthetic systems.
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
shall support basic research to pursue distinct lines of sci-
entific inquiry, including—
‘‘(i) photoinduced production of hydrogen and oxygen
from water; and
‘‘(ii) the sustainable photoinduced reduction of car-
bon dioxide to fuel products including hydrocarbons,
alcohols, carbon monoxide, and natural gas; and
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review ac-
tivities carried out under the program described in paragraph
(1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
‘‘(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.
‘‘(c) BIOCHEMISTRY, REPLICATION OF NATURAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS,
AND RELATED PROCESSES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to replicate
natural photosynthetic processes by use of artificial photosyn-
thetic components and materials.
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
shall support basic research to expand fundamental knowl-
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edge to replicate natural synthesis processes, including—
‘‘(i) the photoinduced reduction of dinitrogen to am-
monia;
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47
‘‘(ii) the absorption of carbon dioxide from ambient
air;
‘‘(iii) molecular-based charge separation and storage;
‘‘(iv) photoinitiated electron transfer; and
‘‘(v) catalysis in biological or biomimetic systems;
‘‘(B) the Associate Director of Biological and Environ-
mental Research shall support systems biology and
genomics approaches to understand genetic and physio-
logical pathways connected to photosynthetic mechanisms;
and
‘‘(C) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review ac-
tivities carried out under the program described in paragraph
(1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
‘‘(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.’’.
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of contents for the
Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking the item re-
lating to section 973 and inserting the following:
‘‘‘‘Sec. 973. Solar fuels research initiative.’’.’’
ø(e)¿ (g) ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended to read as follows:
‘‘SEC. SEC. 975. ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
‘‘(a) INITIATIVE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a research
initiative, to be known as the ‘Electricity Storage Research Ini-
tiative’ (referred to in this section as the ‘Initiative’)—
‘‘(A) to expand theoretical and fundamental knowledge to
control, store, and convert—
‘‘(i) electrical energy to chemical energy; and
‘‘(ii) chemical energy to electrical energy; and
‘‘(B) to support scientific inquiry into the practical un-
derstanding of chemical and physical processes that occur
within systems involving crystalline and amorphous solids,
polymers, and organic and aqueous liquids.
‘‘(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs and activities
under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and
resources from—
‘‘(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program, the Advanced
Scientific Computing Research Program, and the Biological
and Environmental Research Program of the Office of
Science; and
‘‘(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En-
ergy.
‘‘(3) TEAMS.—
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‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the Initiative, the
Secretary shall organize activities among multidisciplinary
teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, ex-
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48
pertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of
higher education, and the private sector.
‘‘(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams described in
subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driv-
en, basic research goals.
‘‘(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall provide sufficient
resources to the multidisciplinary teams described in sub-
paragraph (A) to achieve the goals described in subpara-
graph (B) over a period of time to be determined by the
Secretary.
‘‘(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary may organize
additional activities under this subsection through Energy
Frontier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other
organizational structures.
‘‘(b) MULTIVALENT SYSTEMS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge sci-
entific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to, multi-
valent ion materials in electric energy storage systems.
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
shall investigate electrochemical properties and the dy-
namics of materials, including charge transfer phenomena
and mass transport in materials; and
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review ac-
tivities carried out under the program described in paragraph
(1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
‘‘(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.
‘‘(c) ELECTROCHEMISTRY MODELING AND SIMULATION.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research to model and simulate
organic electrolytes, including the static and dynamic electro-
chemical behavior and phenomena of organic electrolytes at
the molecular and atomic level in monovalent and multivalent
systems.
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
in coordination with the Associate Director of Advanced
Scientific Computing Research, shall support the develop-
ment of high performance computational tools through a
joint development process to maximize the effectiveness of
current and projected high performance computing sys-
tems; and
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
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Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
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49
‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review ac-
tivities carried out under the program described in paragraph
(1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
‘‘(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.
‘‘(d) MESOSCALE ELECTROCHEMISTRY.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to reveal elec-
trochemistry in confined mesoscale spaces, including scientific
discoveries relevant to—
‘‘(A) bio-electrochemistry and electrochemical energy con-
version and storage in confined spaces; and
‘‘(B) the dynamics of the phenomena described in sub-
paragraph (A).
‘‘(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
‘‘(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
and the Associate Director of Biological and Environ-
mental Research shall investigate phenomena of mesoscale
electrochemical confinement for the purpose of replicating
and controlling new electrochemical behavior; and
‘‘(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
‘‘(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review ac-
tivities carried out under the program described in paragraph
(1) to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
‘‘(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.’’.
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of contents for the
Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking the item re-
lating to section 975 and inserting the following:
‘‘‘‘Sec. 975. Electricity storage research initiative.’’.’’
(h) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support a program of re-
search and development for the application of advanced com-
puting practices to foundational and emerging research prob-
lems in chemistry and materials science. Research activities
shall include—
(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
(B) the use of large data sets to model materials phe-
nomena, including through advanced characterization of
materials, materials synthesis, processing, and innovative
use of experimental and theoretical data;
(C) co-design of chemical system and chemistry modeling
software with advanced computing systems and hardware
technologies; and
(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies, and reac-
tions such as molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry,
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including through novel computing methods.
(2) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES CEN-
TERS.—
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50
(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the activities author-
ized under paragraph (1), the Director shall select and es-
tablish up to six computational materials and chemical
sciences centers to—
(i) develop open-source, robust, and validated com-
putational codes and user-friendly software, coupled
with innovative use of experimental and theoretical
data, to enable the design, discovery, and development
of new materials and chemical systems; and
(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and maximizing
the benefits of exascale and other high performance
computing underpinned by accelerated node tech-
nologies.
(B) SELECTION.—The Director shall select centers under
subparagraph (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
The Director shall consider applications from the National
Laboratories, institutes of higher education, multi-institu-
tional collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
(C) DURATION.—
(i) A center selected under subparagraph (A) shall re-
ceive support for a period of not more than 5 years be-
ginning on the date of establishment of that center,
subject to the availability of appropriations.
(ii) A center already in existence on the date of enact-
ment of the Department of Energy Science for the Fu-
ture Act may continue to receive support for a period
of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of es-
tablishment of that center.
(D) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any period of sup-
port of a center under this subsection, the Director may
renew support for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for
a period of not more than 5 years.
(E) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing authori-
ties of the Department, the Director may terminate an
underperforming center for cause during the performance
period.
(i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support the development
of a web-based platform to develop and provide access to a
database of computed information on known and predicted ma-
terials properties and computational tools to accelerate break-
throughs in materials discovery and design.
(2) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this subsection, the Director
shall—
(A) conduct cooperative research with industry, aca-
demia, and other research institutions to advance under-
standing, prediction, and manipulation of materials and
facilitate the design of novel materials;
(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at user fa-
cilities that generate data to collect, analyze, label, and oth-
erwise prepare the data for inclusion in the database;
(C) leverage existing high performance computing sys-
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tems to conduct high throughput calculations, and develop
computational and data mining algorithms for the pre-
diction of material properties;
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51
(D) strengthen the foundation for new technologies and
advanced manufacturing; and
(E) drive the development of advanced materials for ap-
plications that span the Department’s missions in energy,
environment, and national security.
(3) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this subsection, the Di-
rector shall leverage programs and activities across the Depart-
ment, including computational materials and chemical sciences
centers established under subsection (h).
(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
under subsection (j), there shall be made available to the Sec-
retary to carry out activities under this subsection $10,000,000
for each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described
in this section—
(1) $2,727,705,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $2,828,896,600 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $3,019,489,612 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $3,161,698,885 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $3,291,651,600 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 304. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH.
(a) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities authorized under sec-
tion 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
7139), the Director shall carry out, in coordination with academia
and relevant public and private sector entities, a research, develop-
ment, and demonstration program to—
(1) steward applied mathematics, computational science, and
computer science research relevant to the missions of the De-
partment and the competitiveness of the United States;
(2) develop modeling, simulation, and other computational
tools relevant to other scientific disciplines and to the develop-
ment of new energy technologies and other technologies;
(3) advance computating and networking capabilities for
data-driven discovery; and
(4) develop advanced scientific computing hardware and soft-
ware tools for science and engineering.
ø(a)¿ (b) AMERICAN SUPER COMPUTING LEADERSHIP.—
(1) RENAMING OF ACT.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—Section 1 of the Department of Energy
High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C.
5501 note; Public Law 108-423) is amended by striking
‘‘Department of Energy High-End Computing Revitaliza-
tion Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘American Super Com-
puting Leadership Act of 2017’’.
(B) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 976(a)(1) of the
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316(1)) is amended
by striking ‘‘Department of Energy High-End Computing
Revitalization Act of 2004’’ and inserting ‘‘American Super
Computing Leadership Act of 2017’’.
(2) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the American Super Com-
puting Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541) is amended—
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(A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (5) as para-
graphs (3) through (6), respectively;
(B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
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52
‘‘(1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘Department’ means the De-
partment of Energy.
‘‘(2) EXASCALE COMPUTING.—The term ‘exascale computing’
means computing through the use of a computing machine that
performs near or above 10 to the 18th power operations per
second.’’; and
(C) in paragraph (6) (as redesignated by subparagraph
(A)), by striking ‘‘, acting through the Director of the Office
of Science of the Department of Energy’’.
(3) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HIGH-END COMPUTING RESEARCH
AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.—Section 3 of the American Super
Computing Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5542) is amend-
ed—
(A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘program’’ and in-
serting ‘‘coordinated program across the Department’’;
(B) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ‘‘, which may’’ and all
that follows through ‘‘architectures’’; and
(C) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
‘‘(d) EXASCALE COMPUTING PROGRAM.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct a research
program (referred to in this subsection as the ‘Program’) for
exascale computing, including the development of two or more
exascale computing machine architectures, to promote the mis-
sions of the Department.
‘‘(2) EXECUTION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the Program, the Sec-
retary shall—
‘‘(i) establish two or more National Laboratory part-
nerships with industry partners and institutions of
higher education for the research and development of
two or more exascale computing architectures across
all applicable organizations of the Department;
‘‘(ii) conduct mission-related codesign activities in
developing the exascale computing architectures under
clause (i);
‘‘(iii) develop such advancements in hardware and
software technology as are required to fully realize the
potential of an exascale production system in address-
ing Department target applications and solving sci-
entific problems involving predictive modeling and
simulation and large scale data analytics and manage-
ment;
‘‘(iv) explore the use of exascale computing tech-
nologies to advance a broad range of science and engi-
neering; and
‘‘(v) provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-
reviewed basis, access for researchers in industries in
the United States, institutions of higher education,
National Laboratories, and other Federal agencies to
the exascale computing systems developed pursuant to
clause (i).
‘‘(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—The Secretary shall se-
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lect the partnerships with the computing facilities of the
Department under subparagraph (A) through a competi-
tive, peer-review process.
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53
‘‘(3) CODESIGN AND APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall—
‘‘(i) carry out the Program through an integration of
applications, computer science, applied mathematics,
and computer hardware architecture using the part-
nerships established pursuant to paragraph (2) to en-
sure that, to the maximum extent practicable, two or
more exascale computing machine architectures are
capable of solving Department target applications and
broader scientific problems, including predictive mod-
eling and simulation and large scale data analytics
and management; and
‘‘(ii) conduct outreach programs to increase the read-
iness for the use of such platforms by domestic indus-
tries, including manufacturers.
‘‘(B) REPORT.—The Secretary shall submit to Congress a
report describing—
‘‘(i) how the integration under subparagraph (A) is
furthering application science data and computational
workloads across application interests, including na-
tional security, material science, physical science, cy-
bersecurity, biological science, the Materials Genome
and BRAIN Initiatives of the President, advanced
manufacturing, and the national electric grid; and
‘‘(ii) the roles and responsibilities of National Lab-
oratories and industry, including the definition of the
roles and responsibilities within the Department to en-
sure an integrated program across the Department.
‘‘(4) PROJECT REVIEW.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The exascale architectures developed
pursuant to partnerships established pursuant to para-
graph (2) shall be reviewed through a project review proc-
ess.
‘‘(B) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the date of
enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to
Congress a report on—
‘‘(i) the results of the review conducted under sub-
paragraph (A); and
‘‘(ii) the coordination and management of the Pro-
gram to ensure an integrated research program across
the Department.
‘‘(5) ANNUAL REPORTS.—At the time of the budget submission
of the Department for each fiscal year, the Secretary, in con-
sultation with the members of the partnerships established
pursuant to paragraph (2), shall submit to Congress a report
that describes funding for the Program as a whole by func-
tional element of the Department and critical milestones.’’.
ø(b)¿ (c) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND NETWORKING RE-
SEARCH.—
(1) DIRECTOR.—The Director shall support research in high-
performance computing and networking relevant to energy ap-
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plications, including modeling, simulation, and advanced data
analytics for basic and applied energy research programs car-
ried out by the Secretary.
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54
(2) COORDINATION.—The Under Secretary for Science shall
ensure the coordination of the activities of the Department, in-
cluding activities under this section, to determine and meet the
computational and networking research and facility needs of
the Office of Science and all other relevant energy technology
and energy efficiency programs within the Department and with
other Federal agencies as appropriate.
ø(c) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR
HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry out ac-
tivities to develop, test, and support—
ø(1) mathematics, models, and algorithms for complex sys-
tems and programming environments; and
ø(2) tools, languages, and operating systems for high-end
computing systems (as defined in section 2 of the American
Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)).¿
(d) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR
HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER SCIENCES RE-
SEARCH.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out activities to de-
velop, test, and support—
(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for modeling
complex systems relevant to the missions of the Department,
including on advanced computing architectures; and
(B) tools, languages, programming environments, and op-
erations for high-end computing systems (as defined in sec-
tion 2 of the American Super Computing Leadership Act
(15 U.S.C. 5541).
(2) PORTFOLIO BALANCE.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall maintain a bal-
anced portfolio within the advanced scientific computing
research and development program established under sec-
tion 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316)
that supports robust investment in—
(i) applied mathematical, computational, and com-
puter sciences research needs relevant to the mission of
the Department, including foundational areas that are
critical to the advancement of energy sciences and tech-
nologies and new and emerging computing tech-
nologies; and
(ii) associated high-performance computing hard-
ware and facilities.
(B) EXASCALE ECOSYSTEM SUSTAINMENT.—
(i) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress
that the Exascale Computing Project has successfully
created a broad ecosystem that provides shared soft-
ware packages, novel evaluation systems, and applica-
tions relevant to the science and engineering require-
ments of the Department, and that such products must
be maintained and improved in order that the full po-
tential of the deployed systems can be continuously re-
alized.
(ii) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall seek to sustain
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and evolve the ecosystem referenced in clause (i) to en-
sure that the exascale software stack and other re-
search software will continue to be maintained, hard-
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55
ened, and otherwise optimized for long-term use on
exascale systems and beyond and reliable availability
to the user community.
(e) NEXT GENERATION COMPUTING PROGRAM.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a program to
develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing sys-
tems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In
establishing this program, the Secretary shall—
(A) maintain foundational research programs in mathe-
matical, computational, and computer sciences focused on
new and emerging computing needs within the mission of
the Department, including post-Moore’s law computing ar-
chitectures, novel approaches to modeling and simulation,
artificial intelligence and scientific machine learning,
quantum computing, edge computing, extreme hetero-
geneity, and distributed high-performance computing; and
(B) retain best practices and maintain support for essen-
tial hardware, applications, and software elements of the
Exascale Computing Program that are necessary for sus-
taining the vitality of a long-term capable software eco-
system for exascale and beyond; and
(C) develop a Department-wide strategy for balancing on-
premises and cloud-based computing and scientific data
management.
(2) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date of the en-
actment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee
on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
the Senate, a report on the development and implementation of
the strategy outlined in paragraph (1).
(f) ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH IN HETEROGENEOUS COMPUTING
SYSTEMS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a program of
research and development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable
computing systems to expand understanding of the potential for
heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to deliver
high performance, high efficiency computing for Department of
Energy mission challenges. This shall include research and de-
velopment that explores the convergence of big data analytics,
simulations, and artificial intelligence to drive the design of
heterogenous computing system architectures.
(2) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this program, the Sec-
retary shall ensure coordination between research activities un-
dertaken by the Advanced Scientific Computing Research pro-
gram and materials research supported by the Basic Energy
Sciences program within the Department of Energy Office of
Science.
(g) ENERGY EFFICIENT COMPUTING PROGRAM.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support a program of
fundamental research, development, and demonstration of en-
ergy efficient computing and data center technologies relevant
to advanced computing applications, including high perform-
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ance computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine
learning.
(2) EXECUTION.—
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56
(A) PROGRAM.—In carrying out the program under para-
graph (1), the Secretary shall—
(i) establish a partnership for National Laboratories,
industry partners, and institutions of higher education
for codesign of energy efficient hardware, technology,
software, and applications across all applicable pro-
gram offices of the Department, and provide access to
energy efficient computing resources to such partners;
(ii) develop hardware and software technologies that
decrease the energy needs of advanced computing prac-
tices, including through data center co-design; and
(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous computing ar-
chitectures in collaboration with the program estab-
lished under subsection (f) including neuromorphic
computing, persistent computing, and ultrafast net-
working; and
(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-
reviewed basis, access for researchers from institutions
of higher education, National Laboratories, industry,
and other Federal agencies to the energy efficient com-
puting technologies developed pursuant to clause (i).
(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—In selecting participants
for the partnership established under subparagraph (A)(i),
the Secretary shall select participants through a competi-
tive, merit review process.
(C) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date of
the enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the
Future Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representa-
tives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
of the Senate, a report on—
(i) the activities conducted under subparagraph (A);
and
(ii) the coordination and management of the program
under subparagraph (A) to ensure an integrated re-
search program across the Department.
(h) ENERGY SCIENCES NETWORK.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for upgrades to
the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet the
research needs of the Department for highly reliable data trans-
port capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-scale
science.
(2) CAPABILITIES.—In carrying out paragraph (1), the Sec-
retary shall ensure the following capabilities:
(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific networking
across the continental United States and the Atlantic
Ocean.
(B) To ensure network reliability.
(C) To protect the network infrastructure from cyber-at-
tacks.
(D) To manage transport of exponentially increasing lev-
els of data from the Department’s National Laboratories
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and sites, user facilities, experiments, and sensors.
(E) To contribute to the integration of heterogeneous com-
puting frameworks and systems.
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57
(i) COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE GRADUATE FELLOWSHIP.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support the Computa-
tional Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to facili-
tate collaboration between graduate students and researchers at
the National Laboratories, and contribute to the development of
a diverse and inclusive computational workforce to help ad-
vance research in areas relevant to the mission of the Depart-
ment.
(2) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appro-
priated for Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program,
the Secretary shall make available for carrying out the activi-
ties under this section—
(A) $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(B) $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(C) $23,152,500 for fiscal year 2024;
(D) $24,310,125 for fiscal year 2025; and
(E) $25,525,631 for fiscal year 2026.
(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described
in this section—
(1) $1,126,350,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $1,222,674,500 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $1,324,320,715 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $1,431,660,115 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $1,535,090,121 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 305. HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS.
(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that—
(1) the Director should incorporate the findings and rec-
ommendations of the report of the Particle Physics Project
Prioritization Panel entitled ‘‘Building for Discovery: Strategic
Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in the Global Context’’ into the
planning process of the Department; and
(2) the nations that lead in particle physics by hosting inter-
national teams dedicated to a common scientific goal attract
the world’s best talent and inspire future generations of physi-
cists and technologists.
(b) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139),
the Director shall carry out a research program in elementary par-
ticle physics and advanced technology research and development to
improve the understanding of the fundamental properties of the uni-
verse, including constituents of matter and energy and the nature
of space and time.
(c) HIGH ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH.—As part of the program
described in subsection (a), the Director shall carry out research
using high energy accelerators and advanced detectors, including
accelerators and detectors that will function as national user facili-
ties, to create and study interactions of elementary particles and in-
vestigate fundamental forces.
ø(b) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—The Director, as prac-
ticable and in coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies
as necessary, shall ensure the access of United States researchers
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to the most advanced accelerator facilities and research capabilities
in the world, including the Large Hadron Collider.¿
(d) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—The Director shall—
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58
(1) as practicable and in coordination with other appropriate
Federal agencies as necessary, ensure the access of United
States researchers to the most advanced accelerator facilities
and research capabilities in the world, including the Large
Hadron Collider;
(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to leverage
United States participation in the Large Hadron Collider, and
prioritize expanding international partnerships and invest-
ments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep Under-
ground Neutrino Experiment; and
(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize engagement
in collaborative efforts in support of future international facili-
ties that would provide access to the most advanced accelerator
facilities in the world to United States researchers.
ø(c)¿ (e) NEUTRINO RESEARCH.—The Director shall carry out re-
search activities on rare decay processes and the nature of the neu-
trino, which may include collaborations with the National Science
Foundation or international collaborations.
ø(d) DARK ENERGY AND DARK MATTER RESEARCH.—The Director
shall carry out research activities on the nature of dark energy and
dark matter, which may include collaborations with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration or the National Science
Foundation; or international collaborations.¿
(f) COSMIC FRONTIER RESEARCH.—The Director shall carry out re-
search activities on the nature of the primary contents of the uni-
verse, including the nature of dark energy and dark matter. These
activities shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent
with the research priorities identified by the High Energy Physics
Advisory Panel or the National Academy of Sciences, and may in-
clude—
(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, the National Science Foundation, or inter-
national partners on relevant projects; and
(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-based,
and underground facilities and experiments.
(g) FACILITY CONSTRUCTION AND MAJOR ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT.—
(1) PROJECTS.—Consistent with the Office of Science’s project
management practices, the Director shall, to the maximum ex-
tent practicable, incorporate the findings and recommendations
of the 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) re-
port titled ‘‘Building for Discovery’’, and support construction or
fabrication of—
(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility
based in the United States;
(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera;
(E) upgrades to detectors and other components of the
Large Hadron Collider; and
(F) other high priority projects recommended in the most
recent report of the Particle Physics Project Prioritization
Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel.
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(2) LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support construc-
tion of a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate the
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59
international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment to
examine the fundamental properties of neutrinos, explore
physics beyond the Standard Model, and better clarify the
existence and nature of antimatter.
(B) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall ensure
that the facility described in subparagraph (A) will provide,
at a minimum, the following capabilities:
(i) A neutrino beam with wideband capability of 1.2
megawatts (MW) of beam power and upgradable to 2.4
MW of beam power.
(ii) Three caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton fiducial
detector mass and supporting surface buildings and
utilities.
(iii) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino detectors.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this subsection occurs
before December 31, 2031.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (k), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility
under this subsection—
(i) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $325,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $400,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(iv) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(v) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(3) PROTON IMPROVEMENT PLAN–II ACCELERATOR UPGRADE
PROJECT.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall support
construction of the Proton Improvement Plan II, an up-
grade to the Fermilab accelerator complex identified in the
2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) re-
port titled ‘‘Building for Discovery’’, to provide the world’s
most intense beam of neutrinos to the international Long
Baseline Neutrino Facility as well as abroad range of fu-
ture high energy physics experiments. The Secretary of En-
ergy shall work with international partners to enable fur-
ther significant contributions to the capabilities of this
project.
(B) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall ensure
that the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide, at
a minimum, the following capabilities:
(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron volt (MeV)
superconducting linear accelerator.
(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 MW at the start of
LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4 MW of beam power.
(iii) A flexible design to enable high power beam de-
livery to multiple users simultaneously and customized
beams tailored to specific scientific needs.
(iv) Sustained high reliability operation of the
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Fermilab accelerator complex.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
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60
of full operations of the facility under this section occurs be-
fore December 31, 2028.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (k), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility
under this subsection—
(i) $191,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(iv) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(v) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(4) COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND STAGE 4.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy, in partner-
ship with the Director of the National Science Foundation,
shall support construction of the Cosmic Microwave Back-
ground Stage 4 project to survey the cosmic microwave
background to test theories of cosmic inflation as described
in the 2014 Particle Physics Prioritization Panel (P5) report
titled ‘‘Building for Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Par-
ticle Physics in the Global Context.’’.
(B) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall consult with the
private sector, universities, National Laboratories, and rel-
evant Federal agencies to ensure that this experiment is ca-
pable of meeting Federal research needs in accessing the
ultra-high energy physics of inflation and important neu-
trino properties.
(C) EXPERIMENTAL CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall
ensure to the maximum extent practicable that the facility
described in subsection (a) will provide at minimum,
500,000 superconducting detectors deployed on an array of
mm wave telescopes with the required range in frequency,
sensitivity, and survey speed which will provide sufficient
capability to enable an order of magnitude advance in ob-
servations of the Cosmic Microwave Background, delivering
transformative discoveries in fundamental physics, cos-
mology, and astrophysics.
(D) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this section occurs be-
fore December 31, 2030.
(E) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (k), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility
under this subsection—
(i) $37,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(v) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(h) ACCELERATOR AND DETECTOR UPGRADES.—The Director shall
upgrade accelerator facilities and detectors, as necessary and appro-
priate, to increase beam power, sustain high reliability, and im-
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prove precision measurement to advance the highest priority particle
physics research programs. In carrying out facility upgrades, the Di-
rector shall continue to work with international partners, when ap-
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61
propriate and in the United States’ interest, to leverage investments
and expertise in critical technologies to help build and upgrade ac-
celerator and detector facilities in the United States.
(i) ACCELERATOR AND DETECTOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—
As part of the program described in subsection (a), the Director
shall carry out research and development in particle beam physics,
accelerator science and technology, and particle and radiation detec-
tion with relevance to the specific needs of the High Energy Physics
program, in coordination with the Accelerator Research and Devel-
opment program authorized in section 311.
(j) UNDERGROUND SCIENCE.—The Director shall—
(1) support an underground science program consistent with
the missions of the Department and the scientific needs of the
High Energy Physics program, including those articulated in
the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project
Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel,
that leverages the capabilities of relevant underground science
and engineering facilities; and
(2) carry out a competitive grant program to award scientists
and engineers at institutions of higher education, nonprofit in-
stitutions, and national laboratories to conduct research in un-
derground science and engineering.
(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described
in this section—
(1) $1,355,690,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $1,517,628,300 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $1,652,112,281 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $1,711,460,141 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $1,656,012,351 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 306. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.
ø(a) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry out research
and development activities in fundamental, structural, computa-
tional, and systems biology to increase systems-level understanding
of the complex biological systems, which may include activities—
ø(1) to accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that
would enable the cost-effective, sustainable production of—
ø(A) biomass-based liquid transportation fuels;
ø(B) bioenergy; and
ø(C) biobased materials;
ø(2) to improve understanding of the global carbon cycle, in-
cluding processes for removing carbon dioxide from the atmos-
phere, through photosynthesis and other biological processes,
for sequestration and storage; and
ø(3) to understand the biological mechanisms used to trans-
form, immobilize, or remove contaminants from subsurface en-
vironments.¿
(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the duties of the Director authorized
under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42
U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated with the activities authorized under
sections 303 and 304 of this Act, the Director shall carry out a pro-
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gram of research and development in the areas of biological systems
science and climate and environmental science, including sub-
surface science, relevant to the development of new energy tech-
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62
nologies and to support the energy, environmental, and national se-
curity missions of the Department.
(b) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall carry out research
and development activities in genomic science including funda-
mental research on plants and microbes to increase systems-level
understanding of the complex biological systems, which may include
activities to—
(1) accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would
enable the cost-effective, sustainable production of—
(A) biomass-based liquid transportation fuels;
(B) bioenergy; and
(C) biobased materials from renewable biomass;
(2) improve fundamental understanding of plant and micro-
bial processes impacting the global carbon cycle, including proc-
esses for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, through
photosynthesis and other biological processes, for sequestration
and storage;
(3) understand the microbiome mechanisms used to trans-
form, immobilize, or remove contaminants from subsurface en-
vironments;
(4) develop the computational approaches and integrated
platforms for open access collaborative science;
(5) leverage tools and approaches across the Office of Science
to expand research to include novel processes, methods, and
science to develop bio-based chemicals, polymers, inorganic ma-
terials, including research to—
(A) advance biosystems design research to advance the
understanding of how CRISPR tools and other gene editing
tools and technologies work in nature, in the laboratory,
and in practice;
(B) deepen genome-enabled knowledge of root architecture
and growth in crops, including trees; and
(C) develop biosystems design methods and tools to in-
crease the efficiency of photosynthesis in plants; and
(6) develop other relevant methods and processes as deter-
mined by the Director.
(c) BIOMOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND IMAGING SCIENCE.—
The Director shall carry out research and development activities in
biomolecular characterization and imaging science, including devel-
opment of integrative imaging and analysis platforms and biosen-
sors to understand the expression, structure, and function of genome
information encoded within cells and for real-time measurements in
ecosystems and field sites of relevance to the mission of the Depart-
ment of Energy.
ø(b)¿ (d) LIMITATION FOR RESEARCH FUNDS.—The Director shall
not approve new climate science-related initiatives without making
a determination that such work is well-coordinated with any rel-
evant work carried out by other Federal agencies.
ø(c)¿ (e) LOW-DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a research
program on low-dose and low dose-rate radiation to—
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(A) enhance the scientific understanding of, and reduce
uncertainties associated with, the effects of exposure to
low-dose and low dose-rate radiation; and
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63
(B) inform improved risk-assessment and risk-manage-
ment methods with respect to such radiation.
(2) PROGRAM COMPONENTS.—In carrying out the program re-
quired under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall—
(A) support and carry out the directives under section
106(b) of the American Innovation and Competitiveness
Act (42 U.S.C. 6601 note), except that such section shall be
treated for purposes of this subsection as applying to low
dose and low-dose rate radiation research, in coordination
with the Physical Science Subcommittee of the National
Science and Technology Council;
(B) identify and, to the extent possible, quantify, poten-
tial monetary and health-related impacts to Federal agen-
cies, the general public, industry, research communities,
and other users of information produced by such research
program;
(C) leverage the collective body of knowledge from exist-
ing low-dose and low dose-rate radiation research;
(D) engage with other Federal agencies, research com-
munities, and potential users of information produced
under this section, including institutions performing or uti-
lizing radiation research, medical physics, radiology,
health physics, and emergency response measures; and
(E) support education and outreach activities to dissemi-
nate information and promote public understanding of low-
dose radiation, with a focus on non-emergency situations
such as medical physics, space exploration, and naturally
occurring radiation.
(3) RESEARCH PLAN.—
(A) Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment
of the Energy Act of 2020, the Secretary shall enter into
an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to
develop a long-term strategic and prioritized research
agenda for the program described in paragraph (2);
(B) Not later than one year after the date of enactment
of the Energy Act of 2020, the Secretary shall transmit
this research plan developed in subparagraph (A) to the
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House
of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Nat-
ural Resources of the Senate.
(4) GAO STUDY.—Not later than 3 years after the date of en-
actment of the Energy Act of 2020, the Comptroller General
shall transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a report on:
(A) an evaluation of the program activities carried out
under this section;
(B) the effectiveness of the coordination and manage-
ment of the program; and
(C) the implementation of the research plan outlined in
paragraph (3).
(6) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection:
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(A) LOW-DOSE RADIATION.—The term ‘‘low-dose radi-
ation’’ means a radiation dose of less than 100
millisieverts.
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64
(B) LOW DOSE-RATE RADIATION.—The term ‘‘low dose-rate
radiation’’ means a radiation dose rate of less than 5
millisieverts per hour.
(7) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this subsection
shall be construed to subject any research carried out by the
Secretary for the program under this subsection to any limita-
tions described in section 977(e) of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(e)).
(8) FUNDING.—For purposes of carrying out this subsection,
the Secretary is authorized to make available from funds pro-
vided to the Biological and Environmental Research Program—
(A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
(B) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(C) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; øand¿
(D) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2024ø.¿;
(E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
ø(d) SPACE RADIATION RESEARCH.—The Secretary of Energy,
shall continue and strengthen collaboration with the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration on basic re-
search to understand the effects and risks of human exposure to
ionizing radiation in low Earth orbit, and in the space environ-
ment.¿
(f) LOW-DOSE RADIATION AND SPACE RADIATION RESEARCH PRO-
GRAM.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy, in consultation
with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration shall carry out a basic research program on the
similarities and differences between the effects of exposure to
low-dose radiation on Earth, in low Earth orbit, and in the
space environment.
(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this program is to accelerate
breakthroughs in low-dose and low dose-rate radiation research
and development as described in subsection (d) and to inform
the advancement of new tools, technologies, and advanced mate-
rials needed to facilitate long-duration space exploration.
(g) EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SCIENCES ACTIVI-
TIES.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities authorized under
subsection (a), and in coordination with activities carried out
under subsection (b), the Director shall carry out earth and en-
vironmental systems science research, in consultation with the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other
relevant agencies, which may include activities to—
(A) understand, observe, and model the response of
Earth’s atmosphere and biosphere to increased concentra-
tions of greenhouse gas emissions and any associated
changes in climate, including frequency and intensity of ex-
treme weather events;
(B) understand the coupled physical, chemical, and bio-
logical processes to transform, immobilize, remove, or move
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carbon, nitrogen, and other energy production-derived con-
taminants such as radionuclides and heavy metals, and
understand the process of sequestration and transformation
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65
of these, carbon dioxide, and other relevant molecules in
subsurface environments;
(C) understand, observe, and model the cycling of water,
carbon, and nutrients in terrestrial systems and at scales
relevant to resources management;
(D) understand the biological, biogeochemical, and phys-
ical processes across the multiple scales that control the
flux of environmentally relevant compounds between the
terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
(E) inform potential natural mitigation and adaptation
options for increased concentrations of greenhouse gas
emissions and any associated changes in climate.
(2) PRIORITIZATION.—In carrying out the program authorized
under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize—
(A) the development of software and algorithms to enable
the productive application of environmental systems and
extreme weather in climate and Earth system prediction
models in high-performance computing systems; and
(B) capabilities that support the Department’s mission
needs for energy and infrastructure security, resilience, and
reliability.
(3) ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SCIENCE RESEARCH.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities described in
paragraph (1), the Director shall carry out research to ad-
vance an integrated, robust, and scale-aware predictive un-
derstanding of environmental systems, including the role of
hydrobiogeochemistry, from the subsurface to the top of the
vegetative canopy that considers effects of seasonal to inter-
annual variability and change.
(B) CLEAN WATER AND WATERSHED RESEARCH.—As part
of the activities described in subparagraph (A), the Director
shall—
(i) support interdisciplinary research to significantly
advance our understanding of water availability, qual-
ity, and the impact of human activity and a changing
climate on urban and rural watershed systems, includ-
ing in freshwater environments;
(ii) consult with the Interagency Research, Develop-
ment, and Demonstration Coordination Committee on
the Nexus of Energy and Water for Sustainability es-
tablished under section 1010 of the Energy Act of 2020
(division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2021) on energy-water nexus research activities; and
(iii) engage with representatives of research and aca-
demic institutions, nonprofit organizations, State,
local, and tribal governments, and industry, who have
expertise in technologies, technological innovations, or
practices relating to the energy-water nexus, as applica-
ble.
(C) COORDINATION.—
(i) DIRECTOR.—The Director shall carry out activities
under this paragraph in accordance with priorities es-
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tablished by the Secretary to support and accelerate the
decontamination of relevant facilities managed by the
Department.
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66
(ii) SECRETARY.—The Secretary shall ensure the co-
ordination of activities of the Department, including
activities under this paragraph, to support and accel-
erate the decontamination of relevant facilities man-
aged by the Department.
(4) CLIMATE AND EARTH MODELING.—As part of the activities
described in paragraph (1), the Director, in collaboration with
the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program described
in section 304 and other programs carried out by the Depart-
ment, as applicable, and in consultation with the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration and other relevant agen-
cies, shall carry out research to develop, evaluate, and use high-
resolution regional climate, global climate, Earth system, and
other relevant models to inform decisions on reducing green-
house gas emissions and the resulting impacts of a changing
global climate. Such modeling shall include—
(A) integrated capabilities for modeling multisectoral
interactions, including socioeconomic factors as appro-
priate, which may include the impacts of climate policies
on social and regional equity and well-being, and the inter-
dependencies and risks at the energy-water-land nexus;
(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, energy supply
and demand, and other critical elements; and
(C) interaction among human and Earth systems in-
formed by interdisciplinary research, including the eco-
nomic and social sciences.
(5) MID-SCALE FUNDING MECHANISM.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—Any of the activities authorized in this
subsection may be carried out by competitively selected
mid-scale, multi-institutional research centers in lieu of in-
dividual research grants, or large-scale experiments or user
facilities.
(B) CONSIDERATION.—The Biological and Environmental
Research Advisory Committee shall provide recommenda-
tions to the Director on projects most suitable for the re-
search centers described in subparagraph (A).
(h) BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH USER FACILI-
TIES.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a program for
the development, construction, operation, and maintenance of
user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of observa-
tional data related to complex biological, climate, and environ-
mental systems.
(2) FACILITY REQUIREMENTS.—To the maximum extent prac-
ticable, the user facilities developed, constructed, operated, or
maintained under paragraph (1) shall include—
(A) distributed field research and observation platforms
for understanding earth system processes;
(B) analytical techniques, instruments, and modeling re-
sources for understanding the physical, chemical, and cel-
lular processes of biological and environmental systems;
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(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing, advanced bio-
analytic techniques, DNA design and synthesis,
metabolomics, and computational analysis; and
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67
(D) such other facilities as the Director considers appro-
priate, consistent with section 209 of the Department of En-
ergy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139).
(3) EXISTING FACILITIES.—In carrying out the program estab-
lished in paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged to evaluate
the capabilities of existing user facilities and, to the maximum
extent practicable, invest in modernization of those capabilities
to address emerging research priorities.
(4) USER FACILITIES INTEGRATION AND COLLABORATION PRO-
GRAM.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support a program
of collaboration between user facilities as defined under
this subsection to encourage and enable researchers to more
readily integrate the tools, expertise, resources, and capa-
bilities of multiple Office of Science user facilities (as de-
scribed in section 209(d) of the Department of Energy Orga-
nization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139)) to further research and ad-
vance emerging technologies.
(B) ACTIVITIES.—The program shall advance the integra-
tion of automation, robotics, computational biology,
bioinformatics, biosensing, cellular platforms and other rel-
evant emerging technologies as determined by the Director
to enhance productivity and scientific impact of user facili-
ties.
(5) EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SCIENCES USER FA-
CILITIES.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the activities author-
ized under paragraph (1), the Director shall establish and
operate user facilities to advance the collection, validation,
and analysis of atmospheric data, including activities to
advance knowledge and improve model representations and
measure the impact of atmospheric gases, aerosols, and
clouds on earth and environmental systems.
(B) SELECTION.—The Director shall select user facilities
under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
The Director shall consider applications from the National
Laboratories, institutes of higher education, multi-institu-
tional collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
(C) EXISTING FACILITIES.—To the maximum extent prac-
ticable, the Director shall utilize existing facilities to carry
out this subsection.
(6) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program authorized
in paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the Office of
Science—
(A) consults and coordinates with the National Oceanic
Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection
Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of the
Interior, and any other relevant Federal agency on the col-
lection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric data; and
(B) coordinates with relevant stakeholders, including in-
stitutes of higher education, nonprofit research institutions,
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industry, State, local, and tribal governments, and other
appropriate entities to ensure access to the best available
relevant atmospheric and historical weather data.
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(i) COASTAL ZONE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a research pro-
gram, in consultation with the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration, to enhance the understanding of coastal
ecosystems. In carrying out this program, the Director shall
prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational data,
and shall develop models to analyze the ecological, biogeo-
chemical, hydrological and physical processes that interact in
coastal zones.
(2) NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR COASTAL DATA COLLECTION.—The
Director shall establish, in consultation with the National Oce-
anic and Atmospheric Administration and other relevant agen-
cies, an integrated system of geographically diverse field re-
search sites in order to improve the quantity and quality of ob-
servational data, and that encompass the major land water
interfaces of the United States, including—
(A) the Great Lakes region;
(B) the Pacific coast;
(C) the Atlantic coast;
(D) the Arctic; and
(E) the Gulf coast.
(3) EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE.—In carrying out the pro-
grams and establishing the field research sites under para-
graph (1) and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing research
and development infrastructure supported by the Department,
including the Department’s existing marine and coastal re-
search lab.
(4) COORDINATION.—For the purposes of carrying out the pro-
grams and establishing the field research sites under the Initia-
tive, the Secretary may enter into agreements with Federal De-
partments and agencies with complementary capabilities.
(5) REPORT.—Not less than 2 years after the date of the enact-
ment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act,
the Director shall provide to the Committee on Science, Space,
and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the
House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
Natural Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the
Senate a report examining whether the system described in this
section should be established as a National User Facility.
(j) TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT.—The Director shall support a
technology research program for the development of instrumentation
and other research tools required to meet the missions of the Depart-
ment and to provide platform technologies for the broader scientific
community. Technologies shall include but are not limited to—
(1) cryo-electron microscopy;
(2) fabricated ecosystems;
(3) next generation sensors including quantum sensors for bi-
ological integration and bioproduction;
(4) technologies to accelerate data analysis; and
(5) plant and microbial phenotyping for gene discovery.
(k) EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES.—
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(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish within the Bi-
ological and Environmental Research program an initiative fo-
cused on the development of engineered ecosystems through the
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69
application of artificial intelligence, novel sensing capabilities,
and other emerging technologies.
(2) INTERAGENCY COORDINATION.—The Secretary shall coordi-
nate with the Director of the National Science Foundation, the
Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration, the Director of the U.S. Geological Survey, and
other relevant officials to avoid duplication of research and ob-
servational activities and to ensure that activities carried out
under this initiative are complimentary to those currently being
undertaken by other agencies.
(3) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the enactment of
this Act, the Secretary shall provide a report to the Committee
on Science, Space, and Technology of the House, and the Com-
mittee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, on the
activity mandated in subsection (k).
(l) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described
in this section—
(1) $820,360,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $886,385,200 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $956,332,164 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $1,020,475,415 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $1,099,108,695 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 307. FUSION ENERGY.
(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139)
and section 972 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312),
the Director shall carry out a fusion energy sciences research and
enabling technology development program to effectively address the
scientific and engineering challenges to building a cost competitive
fusion power plant and to support the development of a competitive
fusion power industry in the United States. As part of this pro-
gram, the Director shall carry out research activities to expand the
fundamental understandings of plasma and matter at very high
temperatures and densities for fusion applications and for other en-
gineering and plasma science applications.
(b) FUSION MATERIALS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—øAs part
of¿
(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities authorized in sec-
tion 978 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16318)—
ø(1)¿ (A) the Director, in coordination with the Assistant
Secretary for Nuclear Energy of the Department, shall
carry out research and development activities to identify,
characterize, and demonstrate materials that can endure
the neutron, plasma, and heat fluxes expected in a fusion
power system; and
ø(2)¿ (B) the Director shall provide an assessment of—
ø(A)¿ (i) the need for one or more facilities that can
examine and test potential fusion and next generation
fission materials and other enabling technologies rel-
evant to the development of fusion power; and
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ø(B)¿ (ii) whether a single new facility that substan-
tially addresses magnetic fusion and next generation
fission materials research needs is feasible, in conjunc-
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70
tion with the expected capabilities of facilities oper-
ational as of the date of enactment of this Act.
(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds au-
thorized to be appropriated under subsection (r), there are au-
thorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activi-
ties described in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2022 through 2026.
(c) TOKAMAK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—The Director shall
support research and development activities and facility operations
to optimize the tokamak approach to fusion energy.
(d) INERTIAL FUSION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a program of
research and technology development in inertial fusion for en-
ergy applications, including ion beam, laser, and pulsed power
fusion systems.
(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1), the Director shall support activities at and partner-
ships with universities and the National Laboratories to—
(A) develop novel target designs;
(B) support modeling of various inertial fusion energy
concepts and systems;
(C) develop diagnostic tools; and
(D) improve inertial fusion energy driver technologies.
(3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds au-
thorized to be appropriated under subsection ø(o)¿ (r), there
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
the activities described in subsection (d) $25,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2021 through 2025ø.¿ and $40,000,000 for fiscal
year 2026.
(e) ALTERNATIVE AND ENABLING CONCEPTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support research and
development activities and facility operations at institutions of
higher education, National Laboratories, and private facilities
in the United States for a portfolio of alternative and enabling
fusion energy concepts that may provide solutions to signifi-
cant challenges to the establishment of a commercial magnetic
fusion power plant, prioritized based on the ability of the
United States to play a leadership role in the international fu-
sion research community.
(2) ACTIVITIES.—Fusion energy concepts and activities ex-
plored under paragraph (1) may include—
(A) alternative fusion energy concepts, including—
(i) advanced stellarator concepts;
(ii) non-tokamak confinement configurations oper-
ating at low magnetic fields;
(iii) magnetized target fusion energy concepts; or
(iv) other promising fusion energy concepts identi-
fied by the Director;
(B) enabling fusion technology development activities, in-
cluding—
(i) high magnetic field approaches facilitated by high
temperature superconductors;
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(ii) liquid metals to address issues associated with
fusion plasma interactions with the inner wall of the
encasing device; and
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71
(iii) advanced blankets for heat management and
fuel breeding; and
(C) advanced scientific computing activities.
(3) INNOVATION NETWORK FOR FUSION ENERGY.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting through the Of-
fice of Science, shall support a program to provide fusion
energy researchers with access to scientific and technical
resources and expertise at facilities supported by the De-
partment, including such facilities at National Labora-
tories and universities, to advance innovative fusion en-
ergy technologies toward commercial application.
(B) AWARDS.—Financial assistance under the program
established in subsection (a)—
(i) shall be awarded on a competitive, merit-re-
viewed basis; and
(ii) may be in the form of grants, vouchers, equip-
ment loans, or contracts to private entities.
(4) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds au-
thorized to be appropriated under subsection ø(o)¿ (r), there
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
the activities described in subsection (e) $50,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2021 through 2025ø.¿ and $75,000,000 for fiscal
year 2026.
(f) COORDINATION WITH ARPA-E.—The Director shall coordinate
with the Director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-En-
ergy (referred to in this subsection as ‘‘ARPA-E’’) to—
(1) assess the potential for any fusion energy project sup-
ported by ARPA-E to represent a promising approach to a com-
mercially viable fusion power plant;
(2) determine whether the results of any fusion energy
project supported by ARPA-E merit the support of follow-on re-
search activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
(3) avoid the unintentional duplication of activities.
(g) FAIRNESS IN COMPETITION FOR SOLICITATIONS FOR INTER-
NATIONAL PROJECT ACTIVITIES.—Section 33 of the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2053) is amended by inserting before the
first sentence the following: ‘‘In this section, with respect to inter-
national research projects, the term ‘private facilities or labora-
tories’ means facilities or laboratories located in the United
States.’’.
(h) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIES.—
(1) REPORT.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after the date
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to
Congress a report on the fusion energy research and devel-
opment activities that the Department proposes to carry
out over the 10-year period following the date of the report
under not fewer than 3 realistic budget scenarios, includ-
ing a scenario based on 3-percent annual growth in the
non-ITER portion of the budget for fusion energy research
and development activities.
(B) INCLUSIONS.—The report required under subpara-
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graph (A) shall—
(i) identify specific areas of fusion energy research
and enabling technology development in which the
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72
United States can and should establish or solidify a
lead in the global fusion energy development effort;
(ii) identify priorities for initiation of facility con-
struction and facility decommissioning under each of
the three budget scenarios described in subparagraph
(A); and
(iii) assess the ability of the fusion workforce of the
United States to carry out the activities identified
under clauses (i) and (ii), including the adequacy of
programs at institutions of higher education in the
United States to train the leaders and workers of the
next generation of fusion energy researchers.
(2) PROCESS.—In order to develop the report required under
paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall leverage best practices
and lessons learned from the process used to develop the most
recent report of the Particle Physics Project Prioritization
Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel.
(3) REQUIREMENT.—No member of the Fusion Energy
Sciences Advisory Committee shall be excluded from partici-
pating in developing or voting on final approval of the report
required under paragraph (1)(A).
(i) MILESTONE-BASED DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Using the authority of the Secretary under
section 646(g) of the Department of Energy Organization Act
(42 U.S.C. 7256(g)), notwithstanding paragraph (10) of such
section, the Secretary shall establish, not later than 6 months
after the date of enactment of this section, a milestone-based
fusion energy development program that requires projects to
meet particular technical milestones before a participant is
awarded funds by the Department.
(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the program established by
paragraph (1) shall be to support the development of a U.S.-
based fusion power industry through the research and develop-
ment of technologies that will enable the construction of new
full-scale fusion systems capable of demonstrating significant
improvements in the performance of such systems, as defined
by the Secretary, within 10 years of the enactment of this sec-
tion.
(3) ELIGIBILITY.—Any entity is eligible to participate in the
program provided that the Secretary has deemed it as having
the necessary resources and expertise.
(4) REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out the milestone-based pro-
gram under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, for each rel-
evant project—
(A) request proposals from eligible entities, as deter-
mined by the Secretary, that include proposed technical
milestones, including estimated project timelines and total
costs;
(B) set milestones based on a rigorous technical review
process;
(C) award funding of a predetermined amount to projects
that successfully meet proposed milestones under para-
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graph (1), or for expenses deemed reimbursable by the Sec-
retary, in accordance with terms negotiated for an indi-
vidual award; and
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73
(D) communicate regularly with selected eligible entities
and, if the Secretary deems appropriate, exercise small
amounts of flexibility for technical milestones as projects
mature.
(5) AWARDS.—For the program established under paragraph
(1)—
(A) an award recipient shall be responsible for all costs
until milestones are achieved, or reimbursable expenses
are reviewed and verified by the Department;
(B) should an awardee not meet the milestones described
in paragraph (4), the Secretary may end the partnership
with an award recipient and use the remaining funds in
the ended agreement for new or existing projects carried
out under this section; and
(C) consistent with the existing authorities of the De-
partment, the Secretary may end the partnership with an
award recipient for cause during the performance period.
(6) APPLICATIONS.—Any project proposal submitted to the
program under paragraph (1) shall be evaluated based upon its
scientific, technical, and business merits through a peer-review
process, which shall include reviewers with appropriate exper-
tise from the private sector, the investment community, and
experts in the science and engineering of fusion and plasma
physics.
(7) PROJECT MANAGEMENT.—In carrying out projects under
this program and assessing the completion of their milestones
in accordance with paragraph (4), the Secretary shall consult
with experts that represent diverse perspectives and profes-
sional experiences, including those from the private sector, to
ensure a complete and thorough review.
(8) PROGRAMMATIC REVIEW.—Not later than 4 years after the
Secretary has established 3 milestones under this program, the
Secretary shall enter into a contractual arrangement with the
National Academy of Sciences to review and provide a report
describing the findings of this review to the House Committee
on Science, Space, and Technology and the Senate Committee
on Energy and Natural Resources on the program established
under this paragraph (1) that assesses—
(A) the benefits and drawbacks of a milestone-based fu-
sion program as compared to traditional program structure
funding models at the Department;
(B) lessons-learned from program operations; and
(C) any other matters the Secretary determines regard-
ing the program.
(9) ANNUAL REPORT.—As part of the annual budget request
submitted for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall provide the
House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the
Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources a report
describing partnerships supported by the program established
under paragraph (1) during the previous fiscal year.
(10) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds au-
thorized to be appropriated under subsection ø(o)¿ (r), there
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are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
the activities described in subsection (i), to remain available
until expended—
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74
(A) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
(B) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(C) $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(D) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2024ø; and¿;
(E) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2025ø.¿; and
(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(j) FUSION REACTOR SYSTEM DESIGN.—øThe Director shall sup-
port research and development activities to design future fusion re-
actor systems and examine and address the technical drivers for
the cost of these systems.¿
(1) IN GENERAL.—
(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—Within 180 days of enactment of
the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, the
Director shall establish at least 2 national teams, including
public-private partnerships, that will develop conceptual
pilot plant designs and technology roadmaps and lead to
an engineering design of a pilot plant that will bring fusion
to commercial viability.
(B) COMPOSITION.—The national teams shall be com-
posed of developers, manufacturers, universities, national
laboratories, and engineering, procurement, and construc-
tion industries.
(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are author-
ized to be appropriated to carry out activities described in para-
graph (1)—
(A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(B) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(C) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(D) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(k) GENERAL PLASMA SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS.—The Director
shall support research in general plasma science and high energy
density physics that advance the understanding of the scientific
community of fundamental properties and complex behavior of
matter to control and manipulate plasmas for a broad range of ap-
plications, including support for research relevant to advancements
in chip manufacturing and microelectronics.
(l) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the øsense of Congress that the
United States should support¿ sense of Congress that—
(1)the United States should support a robust, diverse pro-
gram in addition to providing sufficient support to, at a min-
imum, meet its commitments to ITER and maintain the sched-
ule of the project as determined by the Secretary in coordina-
tion with the ITER Organization at the time of the enactment
of this section. It is further the sense of Congress that devel-
oping the scientific basis for fusion, providing research results
key to the success of ITER, and training the next generation
of fusion scientists are of critical importance to the United
States and should in no way be diminished by participation of
the United States in the ITER projectø.¿; and
(2) the Director shall incorporate the findings and rec-
ommendations of the report of the Fusion Energy Sciences Advi-
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sory Committee entitled ‘‘Powering the Future: Fusion and Plas-
mas’’ and the report of the National Academies entitled ‘‘Bring-
ing Fusion to the U.S. Grid’’ into the planning process of the
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75
Department, including the development of future budget re-
quests to Congress.
(m) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—The Director shall—
(1) as practicable and in coordination with other appropriate
Federal agencies as necessary, ensure the access of United
States researchers to the most advanced fusion research facili-
ties and research capabilities in the world, including ITER;
(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to leverage
United States participation ITER, and prioritize expanding
international partnerships and investments in current and fu-
ture fusion research facilities within the United States; and
(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize engage-
ment in collaborative efforts in support of future international
facilities that would provide access to the most advanced fusion
research facilities in the world to United States researchers.
(n) FISSION AND FUSION RESEARCH COORDINATION REPORT.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 6 months after the date of
enactment of this section, the Secretary shall transmit to Con-
gress a report addressing opportunities for coordinating fusion
energy research and development activities between the Office
of Nuclear Energy, the Office of Science, and the Advanced Re-
search Projects Agency—Energy.
(2) COMPONENTS.—The report shall assess opportunities for
collaboration on research and development of—
(A) liquid metals to address issues associated with fusion
plasma interactions with the inner wall of the encasing de-
vice and other components within the reactor;
(B) immersion blankets for heat management and fuel
breeding;
(C) technologies and methods for instrumentation and
control;
(D) computational methods and codes for system oper-
ation and maintenance;
(E) codes and standard development;
(F) radioactive waste handling;
(G) radiological safety;
(H) potential for non-electricity generation applications;
and
(I) any other overlapping priority as identified by the Di-
rector of the Office of Science or the Assistant Secretary of
Energy for Nuclear Energy.
(o) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH
PROGRAM.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a program to
conduct and support collaborative research, development, and
demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-per-
formance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in
order to—
(A) support fundamental research in plasmas and matter
at very high temperatures and densities;
(B) inform the development of a broad range of fusion en-
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ergy systems; and
(C) facilitate the translation of research results in fusion
energy science to industry.
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76
(2) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program under para-
graph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant Federal
agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
(A) Using expertise from the private sector, institutions of
higher education, and the National Laboratories to leverage
existing, and develop new, computational software and ca-
pabilities that prospective users may use to accelerate re-
search and development of fusion energy systems.
(B) Developing computational tools to simulate and pre-
dict fusion energy science phenomena that may be vali-
dated through physical experimentation.
(C) Increasing the utility of the research infrastructure of
the Department by coordinating with the Advanced Sci-
entific Computing Research program within the Office of
Science.
(D) Leveraging experience from existing modeling and
simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
(E) Ensuring that new experimental and computational
tools are accessible to relevant research communities, in-
cluding private sector entities engaged in fusion energy
technology development.
(F) Ensuring that newly developed computational tools
are compatible with modern virtual engineering and visual-
ization capabilities to accelerate the realization of fusion
energy technologies and systems.
(3) DUPLICATION.—The Secretary shall ensure the coordina-
tion of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the activities of
this program with the activities of—
(A) other research entities of the Department, including
the National Laboratories, the Advanced Research Projects
Agency–Energy, the Advanced Scientific Computing Re-
search program; and
(B) industry.
(4) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR FUSION INNOVATION
CENTER.—In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the
Secretary shall, in coordination with the Innovation Network
for Fusion Energy, establish and operate a national High-Per-
formance Computing for Fusion Innovation Center (referred to
in this section as the ‘Center’), in order to support the program
under paragraph (1) by providing, to the extent practicable, a
centralized entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion en-
ergy research and development through high performance com-
puting and advanced data analytics technologies and processes.
(5) SELECTION.—The Secretary shall select the Center under
this subsection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Sec-
retary shall consider applications from National Laboratories,
institutions of higher education, multi-institutional collabora-
tions, and other appropriate entities.
(6) EXISTING ACTIVITIES.—The Center may incorporate exist-
ing research activities that are consistent with the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1).
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(7) DURATION.—The Center established under this subsection
shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, sub-
ject to the availability of appropriations.
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77
(8) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of any period of support
of the Center, the Secretary may renew support for the Center,
on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
(9) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing authorities of
the Department, the Secretary may terminate the Center for
cause during the performance period.
(p) MATERIAL PLASMA EXPOSURE EXPERIMENT.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall construct a Material
Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020
publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
Committee titled ‘‘Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas’’.
The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, universities,
National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure
that this facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs
for steady state, high-heat-flux and plasma-material interaction
testing of fusion materials over a range of fusion energy rel-
evant parameters.
(2) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary shall ensure that
the facility described in subsection (a) will provide the following
capabilities:
(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m2.
(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated plasma
facing material samples to plasma.
(3) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to
the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full
operations of the facility under this section occurs before Decem-
ber 31, 2027.
(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for
Fusion Energy Sciences, there are funds authorized to be appro-
priated to the Secretary for the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences
to carry out to completion the construction of the facility under
this section:
(A) $32,800,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(B) $13,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(C) $12,600,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
(D) $400,000 for fiscal year 2025.
(q) MATTER IN EXTREME CONDITIONS INSTRUMENT UPGRADE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade
to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the Linac Co-
herent Light Source as described in the 2020 publication ap-
proved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee ti-
tled ‘‘Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas’’. The Secretary
shall consult with the private sector, universities, National Lab-
oratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this fa-
cility is capable of meeting Federal research needs for under-
standing physical and chemical changes to plasmas at funda-
mental timescales, and explore new regimes of dense material
physics, astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-pulse laser-
plasma interactions.
(2) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject to
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the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full
operations of the facility under this section occurs before Decem-
ber 31, 2028.
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ø(o)¿ (r) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are author-
ized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities
described in this section—
(1) $996,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
ø(2) $921,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
ø(3) $961,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
ø(4) $921,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
ø(5) $901,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.¿
(2) $1,002,900,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(3) $1,095,707,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(4) $1,129,368,490 for fiscal year 2024;
(5) $1,149,042,284 for fiscal year 2025; and
(6) $1,243,097,244 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.
ø(a) ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR RESEARCH AP-
PLICATIONS.—The Director—
ø(1) may carry out a program for the production of isotopes,
including the development of techniques to produce isotopes,
that the Secretary determines are needed for research, med-
ical, industrial, or related purposes; and
ø(2) shall ensure that isotope production activities carried
out under the program under this paragraph do not compete
with private industry unless the Director determines that crit-
ical national interests require the involvement of the Federal
Government.¿
(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139),
the Director shall carry out a research program, and support rel-
evant facilities, to discover and understand various forms of nuclear
matter.
(b) USER FACILITIES.—
(1) FACILITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support construc-
tion of a Facility for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the un-
derstanding of rare nuclear isotopes and the evolution of
the cosmos.
(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (c), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility
under this subsection $2,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this section occurs be-
fore March 1, 2022.
(2) ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall support construc-
tion of an Electron Ion Collider as described in the 2015
Long Range Plan of the Nuclear Science Advisory Com-
mittee and the report from the National Academies titled
‘‘An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider
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Science’’, in order to measure the internal structure of the
proton and the nucleus and answer fundamental questions
about the nature of visible matter.
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(B) FACILITY CAPABILITY.—The Secretary shall ensure
that the facility meets the requirements in the 2015 Long
Range Plan, including—
(i) at least 70 percent polarized beams of electrons
and light ions;
(ii) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest stable
nuclei;
(iii) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140
GeV;
(iv) high collision luminosity of 1033–34cm-2s-1; and
(v) the possibility of more than one interaction re-
gion.
(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary shall, subject
to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start
of full operations of the facility under this section occurs be-
fore December 31, 2030.
(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appro-
priated under subsection (c), there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility
under this subsection—
(i) $101,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(ii) $155,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(iii) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described
in this section—
(1) $780,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $879,390,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $1,025,097,300 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $1,129,354,111 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $1,192,408,899 for fiscal year 2026.
ø(b)¿ (d) RENAMING OF THE RARE ISOTOPE ACCELERATOR.—Sec-
tion 981 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16321) is
amended—
(1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘rare isotope accel-
erator’’ and inserting ‘‘facility for rare isotope beams’’; and
(2) by striking ‘‘Rare Isotope Accelerator’’ each place it ap-
pears and inserting ‘‘Facility for Rare Isotope Beams’’.
SEC. 309. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry out a program to im-
prove the safety, efficiency, and mission readiness of infrastructure
at laboratories of the Office of Science.
(b) INCLUSIONS.—The program under subsection (a) shall include
projects—
(1) to renovate or replace space that does not meet research
needs;
(2) to replace facilities that are no longer cost effective to
renovate or operate;
(3) to modernize utility systems to prevent failures and en-
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sure efficiency;
(4) to remove excess facilities to allow safe and efficient oper-
ations; and
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80
(5) to construct modern facilities to conduct advanced re-
search in controlled environmental conditions.
(c) APPROACH.—In carrying out this section, the Director shall uti-
lize all available approaches and mechanisms, including capital
line items, minor construction projects, energy savings performance
contracts, utility energy service contracts, alternative financing and
expense funding, as appropriate.
(d) ALTERNATIVE FINANCING OF RESEARCH FACILITIES AND INFRA-
STRUCTURE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Consistent with section 161(g) of the Atomic
Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2201(g)), the Management and
Operating contractors of the Department may enter into the
lease-purchase of research facilities and infrastructure under
the scope of their contract with the Department with the ap-
proval of the Secretary or their designee.
(2) LIMITATIONS.—To carry out lease-purchases approved by
the Secretary under subsection (a), the Department shall only be
required to have budget authority in an amount sufficient to
cover the minimum required lease payments through the period
required to exercise a termination provision in the lease agree-
ment, plus any associated lease termination penalties, regard-
less of whether such leased facility and infrastructure is on or
off Government land, and if—
(A) the Department has established a mission need for
the facility or infrastructure to be leased;
(B) the facility or infrastructure is general purpose, in-
cluding offices, laboratories, cafeterias, utilities, and data
centers;
(C) the Department is not a party to and has no financial
obligations under the lease-purchase transaction entered
into by the Management and Operating contractor, other
than allowability of the lease cost and conveyance of Gov-
ernment land, if needed;
(D) the lease-purchase has an advance notice termination
provision with reasonable pre-defined penalties that the
Management and Operating contractor may exercise, at the
direction of the Department, if funding for the lease is no
longer available or the mission need ceases to exist;
(E) there is an option for a no cost transfer of ownership
to the Government once the underlying financing is retired,
but neither the Management and Operating contractor nor
the Department are obligated to purchase the facility or in-
frastructure at any time during or after the lease term;
(F) the lease-purchase transaction, assuming exercise of
the ownership option, is demonstrated to be the lowest
lifecycle cost alternative for the Government; and
(G) the cumulative annual base rent for all lease-pur-
chases of facilities and infrastructure, inclusive of any
transactions under consideration, does not exceed 2 percent
of the Management and Operating contract operating budg-
et for the year the commitment is made for the lease.
(3) REPORTING.—Not later than one year after the date of the
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enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future
Act, and biennially thereafter, the Department shall submit to
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Com-
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81
mittee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and
the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and the Com-
mittee on Appropriations of the Senate, a report on the lease-
purchase transactions that the Management and Operating con-
tractors of the Department entered into under subsection (a)
that includes—
(A) a list of the lease-purchase transactions entered into
by each Management and Operating contractor and their
respective costs;
(B) the annual percentage of each Management and Op-
erating contract operating budget that is used for lease-pur-
chase transactions for the year the commitments were
made; and
(C) any other information the Secretary finds appro-
priate.
(d) MID-SCALE INSTRUMENTATION PROGRAM.—The Director, in co-
ordination with each of the programs carried out by the Office of
Science, shall establish a mid-scale instrumentation program to en-
able the development and acquisition of novel, state-of-the-art in-
struments ranging in cost from $1 million to $20 million each that
would significantly accelerate scientific breakthroughs at user facili-
ties.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described
in this section $500,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
2026.
SEC. 310. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized under section
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139),
the Director shall carry out a research program to—
(1) advance accelerator science and technology relevant to the
Department, other Federal agencies, and U.S. industry;
(2) foster partnerships to develop, demonstrate, and enable
the commercial application of accelerator technologies;
(3) support the development of a skilled, diverse, and inclu-
sive accelerator workforce; and
(4) provide access to accelerator design and engineering re-
sources.
(b) ACCELERATOR RESEARCH.—In carrying out the program au-
thorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support—
(1) research activities in cross-cutting accelerator technologies
including superconducting magnets and accelerators, beam
physics, data analytics-based accelerator controls, simulation
software, new particle sources, advanced laser technology, and
transformative research; and
(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test Facility.
(c) ACCELERATOR DEVELOPMENT.—In carrying out the program
authorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support partner-
ships to foster the development, demonstration, and commercial ap-
plication of accelerator technologies including, advanced super-
conducting wire and cable, superconducting RF cavities, and high
efficiency radiofrequency power sources for accelerators.
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(d) RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS.—In developing accelerator tech-
nologies under the program authorized in subsection (a), the Direc-
tor shall—
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82
(1) consider the requirements necessary to support
translational research and development for medical, industrial,
security, and defense applications; and
(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and fun-
damental research in particle physics by partnering with insti-
tutes of higher education, industry, and other Federal agencies
to enable the commercial application of advanced accelerator
technologies.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described
in this section—
(1) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $25,680,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $27,477,600 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $29,401,032 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $31,459,104 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 311. ISOTOPE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION FOR RESEARCH
APPLICATIONS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director—
(1) shall carry out a program in coordination with other rel-
evant programs across the Department of Energy for the pro-
duction of isotopes, including the development of techniques to
produce isotopes, that the Secretary determines are needed for
research, medical, industrial, or related purposes, to the max-
imum extent practicable, in accordance with the 2015 NSAC
‘Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing Opportunities For The
Future’ report; and
(2) shall ensure that isotope production activities carried out
under the program under this paragraph do not compete with
private industry unless the Director determines that critical na-
tional interests require the involvement of the Federal Govern-
ment.
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to
be appropriated to carry out the program under this subsection—
(1) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $96,300,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $103,041,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $110,253,870 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $117,971,641 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 312. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCI-
ENTISTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support the development of
a scientific workforce through programs that facilitate collaboration
between K–12, university students, early-career researchers, faculty,
and the National Laboratories, including through the use of proven
techniques to expand the number of individuals from underrep-
resented groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate
and graduate degrees relevant to the Office’s mission.
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 3169 of the De-
partment of Energy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C.
7381e) is amended—
(1) by striking, ‘‘programs’’, and inserting ‘‘programs, includ-
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ing the NSF INCLUDES National Network,’’; and
(2) by striking, ‘‘year 1991’’, and inserting ‘‘years 2022
through 2026’’.
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SEC. 313. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall establish a high intensity
laser research initiative consistent with the recommendations of the
National Academies report, ‘‘Opportunities in Intense Ultrafast La-
sers: Reaching for the Brightest Light’’, and the report from the
Brightest Light Initiative workshop on ‘‘The Future of Intense
Ultrafast Lasers in the U.S.’’. This initiative should include re-
search and development of petawatt-scale and of high average
power laser technologies necessary for future facility needs in dis-
covery science and to advance energy technologies, as well as sup-
port for a user network of academic and national laboratory high
intensity laser facilities.
(b) LEVERAGE.—The Director shall also leverage new laser tech-
nologies for more compact, less complex, and low-cost accelerator
systems needed for science applications.
(c) COORDINATION.—The Director shall coordinate this initiative
among all relevant programs within the Office of Science, and the
Under Secretary for Science shall coordinate this initiative with
other relevant programs within the Department as well as within
other Federal agencies.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds author-
ized to be appropriated for the Office of Science there are authorized
to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de-
scribed in this subsection—
(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 314. HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a program to re-
duce the consumption of helium for Department grant recipients
and facilities and encourage helium recycling and reuse. The pro-
gram shall competitively award grants for—
(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and recycle
helium;
(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and ex-
isting helium capture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
(3) helium alternatives research and development activities.
(b) REPORT.—In carrying out the program under this section, the
Director shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
and Natural Resources of the Senate a report, not later than two
years after the date of enactment of the Department of Energy
Science for the Future Act, and every 3 years thereafter, on the pur-
chase of helium as part of research projects and facilities supported
by the Department. The report shall include—
(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and facili-
ties supported by Department grants;
(2) a cost-analysis for such helium;
(3) the predominant production sources for such helium;
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(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply short-
ages or prices on the research projects and facilities supported
by the Department; and
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84
(5) recommendations for reducing Department grant recipi-
ents’ exposure to volatile helium prices.
(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program under this sec-
tion, the Director shall coordinate with the National Science Foun-
dation and other relevant Federal agencies on helium conservation
activities.
(d) DURATION.—The program established under this section shall
receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the
availability of appropriations.
(e) RENEWAL.—Upon expiration of any period of support of the
program under this section, the Director may renew support for the
program for a period of not more than 5 years.
SEC. 315. OFFICE OF SCIENCE EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASE COM-
PUTING RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in coordination with the Director
of the National Science Foundation and the Administrator of the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, shall establish
within the Office of Science, a cross-cutting research initiative to le-
verage the Federal Government’s innovative analytical resources
and tools, user facilities, and advanced computational and net-
working capabilities in order to prevent, prepare for, and respond
to emerging infectious diseases, including COVID–19. The Secretary
shall carry out this initiative through a competitive, merit-reviewed
process, and consider applications from National Laboratories, in-
stitutions of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, in-
dustry partners and other appropriate entities.
(b) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the initiative established under
subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate with programs across
the Office of Science and with relevant Federal agencies to deter-
mine a comprehensive set of technical milestones for these research
activities and prioritize the following objectives—
(1) supporting fundamental research and development in ad-
vanced analytics, experimental studies, materials synthesis,
high-performance computing technologies needed to charac-
terize, model, simulate, and predict complex phenomena and bi-
ological materials related to emerging infectious diseases, in-
cluding COVID–19 challenges, including a focus on testing and
diagnostics, experimental data acquisition, sharing and man-
agement, advanced manufacturing, and molecular design and
modeling;
(2) using expertise from the private sector, institutions of
higher education, and the National Laboratories to develop
computational software and capabilities that prospective users
may accelerate emerging infectious diseases research and devel-
opment;
(3) leveraging the research infrastructure of the Department,
including scientific computing user facilities, x-ray light
sources, neutron scattering facilities, nanoscale science research
centers, and sequencing and bio-characterization facilities by
coordinating with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research,
Basic Energy Sciences, and Biological and Environmental Re-
search programs within the Office of Science;
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(4) leveraging experience from existing modeling and simula-
tion research and work sponsored by the Department and pro-
moting collaboration and data sharing between National Lab-
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85
oratories, research entities, and user facilities of the Department
by providing the necessary access and secure data transfer ca-
pabilities; and
(5) ensuring that new experimental and computational tools
are accessible to relevant research communities, including pri-
vate sector entities to address emerging infectious diseases, in-
cluding COVID–19 challenges.
(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this initiative, the Secretary
shall ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, coordination of
these activities with the Department of Energy National Labora-
tories, institutions of higher education, and the private sector.
(d) EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES HIGH PERFORMANCE COM-
PUTING RESEARCH CONSORTIUM.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary in coordination with the Di-
rector of the National Science Foundation and the Director of
the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall establish and
operate an Emerging Infectious Diseases High Performance
Computing Research Consortium (referred to in this section as
the ‘Consortium’), in order to support the initiative under sub-
section (a) by providing, to the extent practicable, a centralized
entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative, emerging infectious
disease research and development through high performance
computing and advanced data analytics technologies and proc-
esses.
(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of such consortium may in-
clude representatives from relevant Federal agencies, the private
sector, institutions of higher education, which can each con-
tribute relevant compute time, capabilities, or other resources.
(3) ACTIVITIES.—The Consortium shall—
(A) match applicants with available Federal and private
sector computing resources;
(B) consider supplemental awards for computing partner-
ships with Consortium members to qualifying entities on a
competitive merit-review basis;
(C) encourage collaboration and communication among
member representatives of the consortium and awardees;
(D) make available the high-performance computing ca-
pabilities, expertise, and user facilities of the Department
and the National Laboratories; and
(E) submit an annual report to the Secretary summa-
rizing the activities of the Consortium, including—
(i) describing each project undertaken by the Consor-
tium;
(ii) detailing organizational expenditures; and
(iii) evaluating contribution to the achievement of
technical milestones as determined in subsection (a).
(4) COORDINATION.—The Secretary shall ensure the coordina-
tion of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the activities of
the Consortium with the activities of other research entities of
the Department, institutions of higher education and the private
sector.
(e) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment
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of the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Sec-
retary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Re-
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86
sources of the Senate, and the Committee on Commerce, Science,
and Transportation of the Senate a report detailing the effectiveness
of—
(1) the interagency coordination between each Federal agency
involved in the research initiative carried out under this sec-
tion;
(2) the collaborative research achievements of the initiative,
including the achievement of the technical milestones deter-
mined under subsection (a); and
(3) potential opportunities to expand the technical capabilities
of the Department.
(f) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appropriated
for the Department’s Office of Science, there shall be made available
to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this subsection,
$50,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 and 2023.
(g) PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—No funds allocated to the initiative de-
scribed in subsection (a) may be obligated or expended for gain-
of-function research of concern.
(2) GAIN-OF-FUNCTION RESEARCH DEFINED.—For the purposes
of this subsection, ‘‘gain-of-function research of concern’’ means
research activities with the potential to generate pathogens with
high transmissibility and high virulence in humans.
SEC. 316. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry
out the activities described in this title—
(1) $8,801,915,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $9,451,015,300 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $10,160,677,621 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $10,693,625,004 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $11,145,798,345 for fiscal year 2026.
ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 2005
* * * * * * *
TITLE IX—RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
* * * * * * *
Subtitle G—Science
* * * * * * *
SEC. 972. FUSION ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM.
(a) DECLARATION OF POLICY.—It shall be the policy of the United
States to conduct research, development, demonstration, and com-
mercial applications to provide for the scientific, engineering, and
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commercial infrastructure necessary to ensure that the United
States is competitive with other countries in providing fusion en-
ergy for its own needs and the needs of other countries, including
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87
by demonstrating electric power or hydrogen production for the
United States energy grid using fusion energy at the earliest date.
(b) PLANNING.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress
a plan (with proposed cost estimates, budgets, and lists of po-
tential international partners) for the implementation of the
policy described in subsection (a) in a manner that ensures
that—
(A) existing fusion research facilities are more fully used;
(B) fusion science, technology, theory, advanced com-
putation, modeling, and simulation are strengthened;
(C) new magnetic and inertial fusion research and devel-
opment facilities are selected based on scientific innovation
and cost effectiveness, and the potential of the facilities to
advance the goal of practical fusion energy at the earliest
date practicable;
(D) facilities that are selected are funded at a cost-effec-
tive rate;
(E) communication of scientific results and methods be-
tween the fusion energy science community and the broad-
er scientific and technology communities is improved;
(F) inertial confinement fusion facilities are used to the
extent practicable for the purpose of inertial fusion energy
research and development;
(G) attractive alternative inertial and magnetic fusion
energy approaches are more fully explored; and
(H) to the extent practicable, the recommendations of
the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee in the re-
port on workforce planning, dated March 2004, are carried
out, including periodic reassessment of program needs.
(2) COSTS AND SCHEDULES.—The plan shall also address the
status of and, to the extent practicable, costs and schedules
for—
(A) the design and implementation of international or
national facilities for the testing of fusion materials; and
(B) the design and implementation of international or
national facilities for the testing and development of key
fusion technologies.
(c) UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN ITER.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized United States partici-
pation in the construction and operations of the ITER project,
as agreed to under the April 25, 2007 ‘‘Agreement on the Es-
tablishment of the ITER International Fusion Energy Organi-
zation for the Joint Implementation of the ITER Project’’. The
Director shall coordinate and carry out the responsibilities of
the United States with respect to this Agreement.
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enact-
ment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a
report providing an assessment of the most recent schedule for
ITER that has been approved by the ITER Council.
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(3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of funds au-
thorized to be appropriated under section 307(o) of the Depart-
ment of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
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88
18645), there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry
out the construction of ITER—
(A) $374,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; øand¿
ø(B) $281,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
2025.¿
(B) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(C) $325,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(D) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(E) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(F) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
SEC. 973. SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
(a) INITIATIVE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a research
initiative, to be known as the ‘‘Solar Fuels Research Initiative’’
(referred to in this section as the ‘‘Initiative’’) to expand theo-
retical and fundamental knowledge of photochemistry, electro-
chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science useful for the
practical development of experimental systems to convert solar
energy to chemical energy.
(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs and activities
under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and
resources from—
(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program and the Biologi-
cal and Environmental Research Program of the Office of
Science; and
(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En-
ergy.
(3) TEAMS.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the Initiative, the Sec-
retary shall organize activities among multidisciplinary
teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, ex-
pertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of
higher education, and the private sector.
(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams described in
subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driv-
en, basic research goals.
(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall provide sufficient
resources to the multidisciplinary teams described in sub-
paragraph (A) to achieve the goals described in subpara-
graph (B) over a period of time to be determined by the
Secretary.
(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary may organize ad-
ditional activities under this subsection through Energy Fron-
tier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other orga-
nizational structures.
(b) ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge sci-
entific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to, artifi-
cial photosynthetic systems.
(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
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(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
shall support basic research to pursue distinct lines of sci-
entific inquiry, including—
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89
(i) photoinduced production of hydrogen and oxygen
from water; and
(ii) the sustainable photoinduced reduction of carbon
dioxide to fuel products including hydrocarbons, alco-
hols, carbon monoxide, and natural gas; and
(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review activi-
ties carried out under the program described in paragraph (1)
to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
ø(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.¿
(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appro-
priated for Basic Energy Sciences, the Secretary shall make
available for carrying out activities under this subsection
$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2031.
(c) BIOCHEMISTRY, REPLICATION OF NATURAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS,
AND RELATED PROCESSES.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to replicate
natural photosynthetic processes by use of artificial photosyn-
thetic components and materials.
(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
shall support basic research to expand fundamental knowl-
edge to replicate natural synthesis processes, including—
(i) the photoinduced reduction of dinitrogen to am-
monia;
(ii) the absorption of carbon dioxide from ambient
air;
(iii) molecular-based charge separation and storage;
(iv) photoinitiated electron transfer; and
(v) catalysis in biological or biomimetic systems;
(B) the Associate Director of Biological and Environ-
mental Research shall support systems biology and
genomics approaches to understand genetic and physio-
logical pathways connected to photosynthetic mechanisms;
and
(C) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review activi-
ties carried out under the program described in paragraph (1)
to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
ø(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.¿
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(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appro-
priated in section 316 of the Department of Energy Research
and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall make available for car-
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90
rying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 975. ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
(a) INITIATIVE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out a research
initiative, to be known as the ‘‘Electricity Storage Research Ini-
tiative’’ (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Initiative’’)—
(A) to expand theoretical and fundamental knowledge to
control, store, and convert—
(i) electrical energy to chemical energy; and
(ii) chemical energy to electrical energy; and
(B) to support scientific inquiry into the practical under-
standing of chemical and physical processes that occur
within systems involving crystalline and amorphous solids,
polymers, and organic and aqueous liquids.
(2) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out programs and activities
under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and
resources from—
(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program, the Advanced
Scientific Computing Research Program, and the Biological
and Environmental Research Program of the Office of
Science; and
(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En-
ergy.
(3) TEAMS.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the Initiative, the Sec-
retary shall organize activities among multidisciplinary
teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, ex-
pertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of
higher education, and the private sector.
(B) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary teams described in
subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driv-
en, basic research goals.
(C) RESOURCES.—The Secretary shall provide sufficient
resources to the multidisciplinary teams described in sub-
paragraph (A) to achieve the goals described in subpara-
graph (B) over a period of time to be determined by the
Secretary.
(4) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Secretary may organize ad-
ditional activities under this subsection through Energy Fron-
tier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other orga-
nizational structures.
(b) MULTIVALENT SYSTEMS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge sci-
entific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to, multi-
valent ion materials in electric energy storage systems.
(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
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shall investigate electrochemical properties and the dy-
namics of materials, including charge transfer phenomena
and mass transport in materials; and
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91
(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review activi-
ties carried out under the program described in paragraph (1)
to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
ø(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.¿
(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appro-
priated for Basic Energy Sciences, the Secretary shall make
available for carrying out activities under this subsection
$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
(c) ELECTROCHEMISTRY MODELING AND SIMULATION.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research to model and simulate
organic electrolytes, including the static and dynamic electro-
chemical behavior and phenomena of organic electrolytes at
the molecular and atomic level in monovalent and multivalent
systems.
(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
in coordination with the Associate Director of Advanced
Scientific Computing Research, shall support the develop-
ment of high performance computational tools through a
joint development process to maximize the effectiveness of
current and projected high performance computing sys-
tems; and
(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review activi-
ties carried out under the program described in paragraph (1)
to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
ø(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.¿
(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appro-
priated in section 316 of the Department of Energy Research
and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall make available for car-
rying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
(d) MESOSCALE ELECTROCHEMISTRY.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry out under the
Initiative a program to support research needed to reveal elec-
trochemistry in confined mesoscale spaces, including scientific
discoveries relevant to—
(A) bio-electrochemistry and electrochemical energy con-
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version and storage in confined spaces; and
(B) the dynamics of the phenomena described in sub-
paragraph (A).
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(2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program described in para-
graph (1)—
(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences
and the Associate Director of Biological and Environ-
mental Research shall investigate phenomena of mesoscale
electrochemical confinement for the purpose of replicating
and controlling new electrochemical behavior; and
(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy shall support translational research,
development, and validation of physical concepts developed
under the program.
(3) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review activi-
ties carried out under the program described in paragraph (1)
to determine the achievement of technical milestones.
ø(4) PROHIBITION.—No funds allocated to the program de-
scribed in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for com-
mercial application of energy technology.¿
(4) FUNDING.—From within funds authorized to be appro-
priated in section 316 of the Department of Energy Research
and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall make available for car-
rying out activities under this subsection $20,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
* * * * * * *
SEC. 977. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY PROGRAM.
(a) PROGRAM.—
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall establish a re-
search, development, and demonstration program in microbial
and plant systems biology, protein science, computational biol-
ogy, and environmental science to support the energy, national
security, and environmental missions of the Department.
(2) GRANTS.—The program shall support individual research-
ers and multidisciplinary teams of researchers through com-
petitive, merit-reviewed grants.
(3) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out the program, the Sec-
retary shall consult with other Federal agencies that conduct
genetic and protein research.
(b) GOALS.—The program shall have the goal of developing tech-
nologies and methods based on the biological functions of genomes,
microbes, and plants that—
(1) can facilitate the production of fuels, including hydrogen
in sustainable production systems that reduce greenhouse gas
emissions;
(2) convert carbon dioxide to organic carbon;
(3) detoxify soils and water, including at facilities of the De-
partment, contaminated with heavy metals and radiological
materials;
(4) develop cellulosic and other feedstocks that are less re-
source and land intensive and that promote sustainable use of
resources, including soil, water, energy, forests, and land, and
ensure protection of air, water, and soil quality; and
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(5) address other Department missions as identified by the
Secretary.
(c) PLAN.—
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93
(1) DEVELOPMENT OF PLAN.—Not later than 1 year after the
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall prepare and
transmit to Congress a research plan describing how the pro-
gram authorized pursuant to this section will be undertaken to
accomplish the program goals established in subsection (b).
(2) REVIEW OF PLAN.—The Secretary shall contract with the
National Academy of Sciences to review the research plan de-
veloped under this subsection. The Secretary shall transmit
the review to Congress not later than 18 months after trans-
mittal of the research plan under paragraph (1), along with the
Secretary’s response to the recommendations contained in the
review.
(d) USER FACILITIES AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT.—Within the
funds authorized to be appropriated pursuant to this subtitle,
amounts shall be available for projects to develop, plan, construct,
acquire, or operate special equipment, instrumentation, or facili-
ties, including user facilities at National Laboratories, for research-
ers conducting research, development, demonstration, and commer-
cial application in systems biology and proteomics and associated
biological disciplines.
(e) PROHIBITION ON BIOMEDICAL AND HUMAN CELL AND HUMAN
SUBJECT RESEARCH.—
(1) NO BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH.—In carrying out the program
under this section, the Secretary shall not conduct biomedical
research.
(2) LIMITATIONS.—Nothing in this section shall authorize the
Secretary to conduct any research or demonstrations—
(A) on human cells or human subjects; or
(B) designed to have direct application with respect to
human cells or human subjects.
ø(f) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.—
ø(1) ESTABLISHMENT OF CENTERS.—In carrying out the pro-
gram under subsection (a), the Secretary shall establish at
least 7 bioenergy research centers, which may be of varying
size.
ø(2) GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.—The Secretary shall estab-
lish at least 1 bioenergy research center in each Petroleum Ad-
ministration for Defense District or Subdistrict of a Petroleum
Administration for Defense District.
ø(3) GOALS.—The goals of the centers established under this
subsection shall be to accelerate basic transformational re-
search and development of biofuels, including biological proc-
esses.
ø(4) SELECTION AND DURATION.—
ø(A) IN GENERAL.—A center under this subsection shall
be selected on a competitive basis for a period of 5 years.
ø(B) REAPPLICATION.—After the end of the period de-
scribed in subparagraph (A), a grantee may reapply for se-
lection on a competitive basis.
ø(5) INCLUSION.—A center that is in existence on the date of
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enactment of this subsection—
ø(A) shall be counted towards the requirement for estab-
lishment of at least 7 bioenergy research centers; and
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94
ø(B) may continue to receive support for a period of 5
years beginning on the date of establishment of the cen-
ter.¿
(f) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the program under section
306(a) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Director shall support up to six
bioenergy research centers to conduct fundamental research in
plant and microbial systems biology, biological imaging and
analysis, and genomics, and to accelerate advanced research
and development of biomass-based liquid transportation fuels,
bioenergy, or biobased materials, chemicals, and products that
are produced from a variety of regionally diverse feedstocks,
and to facilitate the translation of research results to industry.
The activities of the centers authorized under this subsection
may include—
(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-relevant
plants, microbes, and associated microbial communities to
enable high-impact, value-added coproduct development at
multiple points in the bioenergy supply chain;
(B) developing the science and technological advances to
ensure process sustainability is considered in the creation
of biofuels and bioproducts from lignocellulose; and
(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular biology,
catalysis science, chemical engineering, systems biology,
and computational and robotics technologies to sustainably
produce and transform biomass into biofuels and bioprod-
ucts.
(2) SELECTION AND DURATION.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—A center established under paragraph
(1) shall be selected on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis
for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations, beginning on the date of estab-
lishment of that center.
(B) APPLICATIONS.—The Director shall consider applica-
tions from National Laboratories, multi-institutional col-
laborations, and other appropriate entities.
(C) EXISTING CENTERS.—A center already in existence on
the date of enactment of the Department of Energy Science
for the Future Act may continue to receive support for a pe-
riod of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of es-
tablishment of that center.
(3) RENEWAL.—After the end of either period described in
paragraph (2), the Director may renew support for the center for
a period of not more than 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis.
For a center in operation for 10 years after its previous selection
on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, the Director may renew
support for the center on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis for
a period of not more than 5 years, and may subsequently pro-
vide an additional renewal on a merit-reviewed basis for a pe-
riod of not more than 5 years.
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(4) TERMINATION.—Consistent with the existing authorities of
the Department, the Director may terminate an underper-
forming center for cause during the performance period.
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(5) ACTIVITIES.—Centers shall undertake research activities to
accelerate the production of biofuels and bioproducts from ad-
vanced biomass resources by identifying the most suitable spe-
cies of plants for use as energy crops; and improving methods
of breeding, propagation, planting, producing, harvesting, stor-
age and processing. Activities may include the following:
(A) Research activities to increase sustainability, includ-
ing—
(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy crop inter-
actions with biotic and abiotic environmental factors
influence crop growth, yield, and quality;
(ii) identifying the most impactful research areas
that address the economics of biofuels and bioproducts
production; and
(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to advance pre-
dictive understanding of biofuel cropping ecosystems.
(B) Research activities to further feedstock development,
including lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous wastes including
carbon oxides and methane, and direct air capture of single
carbon gases via plants and microbes, including—
(i) developing genetic and genomic tools, high-
throughput analytical tools, and biosystems design ap-
proaches to enhance bioenergy feedstocks and their as-
sociated microbiomes;
(ii) conducting field testing of new potential bio-
energy feedstock crops under environmentally benign
and geographically diverse conditions to assess viabil-
ity and robustness; and
(iii) developing quantitative models informed by ex-
perimentation to predict how bioenergy feedstocks per-
form under diverse conditions.
(C) Research activities to improve lignocellulosic
deconstruction and separation methods, including—
(i) developing feedstock-agnostic deconstruction proc-
esses capable of efficiently fractionating biomass into
targeted output streams;
(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of plant cell
wall biosynthesis, composition, structure, and prop-
erties during deconstruction; and
(iii) improving enzymes and approaches for biomass
breakdown and cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin
processing.
(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock conver-
sion process for advanced biofuels and bioproducts, includ-
ing—
(i) developing high-throughput methods to screen or
select high-performance microbial strains and commu-
nities to improve product formation rates, yields, and
selectivity;
(ii) establishing a broad set of platform microorga-
nisms and microbial communities suitable for meta-
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bolic engineering to produce biofuels and bioproducts,
as well as high-throughput methods for experimental
validation of gene function;
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(iii) developing techniques to enhance microbial
robustness for tolerating toxins to improve biofuel and
bioproduct yields and to gain a better understanding of
the cellular and molecular bases of tolerance for major
chemical classes of inhibitors found in these processes;
(iv) advancing technologies for the use of batch, con-
tinuous, as well as consolidated bioprocessing;
(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing microbial
and chemical pathways to produce promising, atom-ec-
onomical intermediates and final bioproducts from bio-
mass with considerations given to environmentally be-
nign processes;
(vi) developing high-throughput, real-time, in situ
analytical techniques to understand and characterize
the pre- and post-bioproduct separation streams in de-
tail;
(vii) creating methodologies for efficiently identifying
viable target molecules, identifying high-value bioprod-
ucts in existing biomass streams, and utilizing current
byproduct streams;
(viii) identifying and improving plant feedstocks with
enhanced extractable levels of desired bioproducts or
bioproduct precursors, including lignin streams; and
(ix) developing integrated biological and chemical
catalytic approaches to valorize and produce a diverse
portfolio of advanced fuels and bioproducts.
(6) INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS.—Centers shall establish indus-
try partnerships to translate research results to commercial ap-
plications.
(7) COORDINATION.—In coordination with the Bioenergy Tech-
nologies Office of the Department, the Director shall support
interdisciplinary research activities to improve the capacity, ef-
ficiency, resilience, security, reliability, and affordability, of the
production and use of biofuels and bioproducts, as well as ac-
tivities to enable positive impacts and avoid the potential nega-
tive impacts that the production and use of biofuels and bio-
products may have on ecosystems, people, and historically
marginalized communities.
* * * * * * *
NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE ACT
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘National Quan-
tum Initiative Act’’.
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of this Act is as
follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
* * * * * * *
TITLE IV—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM ACTIVITIES
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* * * * * * *
Sec. 403. Department of energy quantum network infrastructure research and devel-
opment program.
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Sec. 404. Department of energy quantum user expansion for science and technology
program.
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Advisory Committee’’
means the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee
established under section 104(a).
(2) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.—The term ‘‘ap-
propriate committees of Congress’’ means—
(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation of the Senate;
(B) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
the Senate; and
(C) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of
the House of Representatives.
(3) COORDINATION OFFICE.—The term ‘‘Coordination Office’’
means the National Quantum Coordination Office established
under section 102(a).
(4) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The term ‘‘institu-
tion of higher education’’ has the meaning given the term in
section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
1001(a)).
(5) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means the National
Quantum Initiative Program implemented under section
101(a).
(6) QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE.—The term ‘‘quantum
information science’’ means the use of the laws of quantum
physics for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing,
or measurement of information.
(7) QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE.—The term ‘‘quan-
tum network infrastructure’’ means any facility, expertise, or ca-
pability that is necessary to enable the development and deploy-
ment of scalable and diverse quantum network technologies.
ø(7)¿ (8) SUBCOMMITTEE.—The term ‘‘Subcommittee’’ means
the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the Na-
tional Science and Technology Council established under sec-
tion 103(a).
* * * * * * *
TITLE IV—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
QUANTUM ACTIVITIES
* * * * * * *
SEC. 403. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK INFRA-
STRUCTURE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this sec-
tion as the ‘‘Secretary’’) shall carry out a research, development, and
demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum net-
work infrastructure in order to—
(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum com-
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puting systems through the internet and intranet;
(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific phe-
nomena and physical imaging technologies;
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98
(3) develop secure national quantum communications tech-
nologies and strategies; and
(4) demonstrate these capabilities utilizing the Department’s
Energy Sciences Network User Facility.
(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall—
(1) coordinate with—
(A) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
(B) the Director of the National Institute of Standards
and Technology;
(C) the Chair of the subcommittee on Quantum Informa-
tion Science of the National Science and Technology Coun-
cil established under section 103(a); and
(D) the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic and
Security Implications of Quantum Science;
(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National Lab-
oratories, institutions of higher education, and other research
institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure methods
and technologies, including—
(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss optical
channels, space-to-ground connections, and classical net-
working and cybersecurity protocols;
(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state sources and
transmission, control, and measurement of quantum states;
(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range local
connections between quantum processors;
(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals between
optical and telecommunications regimes and quantum com-
puter-relevant domains, including microwaves;
(E) development of quantum memory buffers and small-
scale quantum computers that are compatible with photon-
based quantum bits in the optical or telecommunications
wavelengths;
(F) long-range entanglement distribution at both the ter-
restrial and space-based level using quantum repeaters, al-
lowing entanglement-based protocols between small- and
large scale quantum processors;
(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and related
technologies necessary to create secure long-distance quan-
tum communication; and
(H) integration of systems across the quantum technology
stack into traditional computing networks, including the
development of remote controlled, high performance, and
reliable implementations of key quantum network compo-
nents by leveraging the expertise, infrastructure and sup-
plemental investments in the Energy Sciences Network User
Facility;
(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development Consor-
tium (QED–C) to transition component technologies to help fa-
cilitate as appropriate the development of a quantum supply
chain for quantum network technologies;
(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific computing,
particle and nuclear physics, and material science to enhance
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the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of materials,
processes, and physical phenomena relevant to quantum net-
work infrastructure;
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(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in collaboration
with the Department’s Energy Sciences Network User Facility
necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and
development activities with diverse stakeholders from industry,
National Laboratories, and institutions of higher education;
and
(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications
that span the Department of Energy’s missions in energy, envi-
ronment, and national security.
(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall
leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the Depart-
ment of Energy and from—
(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
(2) the National Science Foundation;
(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
(5) the National Laboratories;
(6) industry stakeholders;
(7) institutions of higher education; and
(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research Cen-
ters.
(d) RESEARCH PLAN.—Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future
Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space,
and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee
on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a 4-year research
plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to
quantum network infrastructure.
(e) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall review activities
carried out under this section to determine the achievement of tech-
nical milestones.
(f) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the
Department of Energy’s Office of Science, there shall be made avail-
able to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section,
$100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
SEC. 404. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EXPANSION FOR
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this sec-
tion as the ‘‘Secretary’’) shall establish and carry out a program (to
be known as the ‘‘Quantum User Expansion for Science and Tech-
nology program’’ or ‘‘QUEST program’’) to encourage and facilitate
access to United States quantum computing hardware and quan-
tum computing clouds for research purposes in order to—
(1) enhance the United States quantum research enterprise;
(2) educate the future quantum computing workforce; and
(3) accelerate the advancement of United States quantum
computing capabilities.
(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall—
(1) coordinate with—
(A) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
(B) the Director of the National Institute of Standards
and Technology;
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(C) the Chair of the Quantum Information Science of the
National Science and Technology Council established
under section 103(a); and
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(D) the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic and
Security Implications of Quantum Science;
(2) provide researchers based within the United States with
access to, and use of, United States quantum computing re-
sources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process;
(3) consider applications from the National Laboratories,
multi-institutional collaborations, institutions of higher edu-
cation, industry stakeholders, and any other entities that the
Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national lead-
ership on quantum computing related issues; and
(4) consult and coordinate with private sector stakeholders,
the user community, and interagency partners on program de-
velopment and best management practices.
(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall
leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy
and from—
(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
(2) the National Science Foundation;
(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
(5) the National Laboratories;
(6) industry stakeholders;
(7) institutions of higher education; and
(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research Cen-
ters.
(d) SECURITY.—In carrying out the activities authorized by this
section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the Na-
tional Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute
of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper security controls
are in place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
(e) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the
Department of Energy’s Office of Science, there shall be made avail-
able to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section—
(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(2) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(3) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(4) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(5) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(f) EQUITABLE USE OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING CAPABILI-
TIES.—
(1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that ma-
chine learning algorithms can exhibit biases that cause harm to
historically marginalized communities.
(2) POLICY.—In leveraging high-performance computing sys-
tems for research purposes, including through the use of ma-
chine learning algorithms for data analysis, the Secretary shall
ensure that such capabilities are employed in a manner that
mitigates and, to the maximum extent practicable, avoids harm-
ful algorithmic bias and equitably addresses challenges impact-
ing different populations, including historically marginalized
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communities.
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101
NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL
YEAR 1991
* * * * * * *
SEC. 2. ORGANIZATION OF ACT INTO DIVISIONS; TABLE OF CONTENTS
(a) * * *
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for this Act is as
follows:
Sec. 1. Short title.
* * * * * * *
DIVISION C—OTHER NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATIONS
TITLE XXXI—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY NATIONAL SECURITY PROGRAMS
PART E—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE EDUCATION PROGRAMS
Sec. 3161. Short title.
* * * * * * *
Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists.
Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities to increase the diversity, equity, and inclusion
of highly skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
(STEM) professionals.
* * * * * * *
DIVISION C—OTHER NATIONAL DEFENSE
AUTHORIZATIONS
TITLE XXXI—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY NATIONAL
SECURITY PROGRAMS
* * * * * * *
PART E—DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE EDUCATION PROGRAMS
SEC. 3161. SHORT TITLE
This part may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy Science
Education Enhancement Act’’.
* * * * * * *
Subpart A—Science Education Enhancement
* * * * * * *
SEC. 3167. PARTNERSHIPS WITH HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES
AND UNIVERSITIES, HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS,
AND TRIBAL COLLEGES.
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
(1) HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘Hispanic-
serving institution’’ has the meaning given the term in section
502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
1101a(a)).
(2) HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY.—The term
‘‘historically Black college or university’’ has the meaning given
the term ‘‘part B institution’’ in section 322 of the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
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(3) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘National Laboratory’’
has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy Pol-
icy Act of 2005.
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102
(4) SCIENCE FACILITY.—The term ‘‘science facility’’ has the
meaning given the term ‘‘single-purpose research facility’’ in
section 903 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005.
(5) TRIBAL COLLEGE.—The term ‘‘tribal college’’ has the
meaning given the term ‘‘tribally controlled college or univer-
sity’’ in section 2(a) of the Tribally Controlled Colleges and
Universities Assistance Act of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 1801(a)).
(b) EDUCATION PARTNERSHIP.—The Secretary shall require the
director of each National Laboratory, and may require the head of
any science facility, to increase the participation of historically
Black colleges or universities, Hispanic-serving institutions, or trib-
al colleges in any activity that increases the capacity of the histori-
cally Black colleges or universities, Hispanic-serving institutions,
or tribal colleges to train personnel in science or engineering.
(c) ACTIVITIES.—An activity described in subsection (b) includes—
(1) collaborative research;
(2) equipment transfer;
(3) training activities carried out at a National Laboratory or
science facility; and
(4) mentoring activities carried out at a National Laboratory
or science facility.
(d) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment
of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report
describing the activities carried out under this section.
SEC. 3167A. BROADENING PARTICIPATION FOR TEACHERS AND SCI-
ENTISTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall expand opportunities to in-
crease the number and the diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly
skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
professionals working in Department of Energy mission-relevant
disciplines and broaden the recruitment pool to increase diversity,
including expanded partnerships with Historically Black Colleges,
Tribal Colleges, Minority Serving Institutions, emerging research
institutions, and scientific societies.
(b) PLAN.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the
Department of Energy Science for the Future Act, the Secretary
shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
Natural Resources and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate and make available to the public a
plan for broadening participation of underrepresented groups in
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in programs sup-
ported by the Department programs, including—
(1) a plan for supporting and leveraging the National Science
Foundation INCLUDES National Network;
(2) metrics for assessing the participation of underrepresented
groups in Department programs;
(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening partici-
pation of underrepresented groups in Department programs, in-
cluding recommended solutions; and
(4) any other activities the Secretary finds appropriate.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Of the amounts author-
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ized to be appropriated in section 3169 (42 U.S.C. 7381e), at least
$2,000,000 shall be made available each fiscal year for the activities
described under this subsection.
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103
SEC. 3167B. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE THE DIVER-
SITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION OF HIGHLY SKILLED
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHE-
MATICS (STEM) PROFESSIONALS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall expand opportunities to in-
crease the number and the diversity, equity, and inclusion of highly
skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
professionals working in Department of Energy mission-relevant
disciplines and broaden the recruitment pool to increase diversity,
including expanded partnerships with minority-serving institutions,
non-Research I universities, and scientific societies.
(b) PLAN AND OUTREACH STRATEGY.—
(1) PLAN.—Not later than 6 months after the date of enact-
ment of the Department of Energy Science for the Future Act,
the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space,
and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Com-
mittee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 10-
year educational plan to fund and expand new or existing pro-
grams administered by the Office of Science and sited at the na-
tional laboratories and Department of Energy user facilities to
expand educational and workforce opportunities for underrep-
resented high school, undergraduate, and graduate students as
well as recent graduates, teachers and faculty in STEM fields.
This may include paid internships, fellowships, temporary em-
ployment, training programs, visiting student and faculty pro-
grams, sabbaticals, and research support.
(2) OUTREACH CAPACITY.—The Secretary shall include in the
plan under paragraph (1) an outreach strategy to improve the
advertising, recruitment, and promotion of educational and
workforce programs to community colleges, Historically Black
Colleges and Universities, Tribal Colleges, Minority Serving In-
stitutions, and emerging research institutions.
(c) BUILDING RESEARCH CAPACITY.—The Secretary shall develop
programs that strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of
Science disciplines at emerging research institutions, including mi-
nority-serving institutions, tribal colleges and universities, Histori-
cally Black Colleges and Universities, and colleges and universities.
This may include enabling mutually beneficial and jointly managed
partnerships between research-intensive institutions and emerging
research institutions, and soliciting research proposals, fellowships,
training programs, and research support directly from emerging re-
search institutions.
(d) TRAINEESHIPS.—The Secretary shall establish a university-led
Traineeship Program to address workforce training needs in STEM
fields relevant to the Department. The focus should be on supporting
training and research experiences for underrepresented under-
graduate and graduate students and increasing participation from
underrepresented populations. The traineeships should include op-
portunities to build the next-generation workforce in research areas
critical to maintaining core competencies across the Office of
Science’s programs.
(e) EVALUATION.—The Secretary shall establish key performance
indicators to measure and monitor progress of education and work-
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force programs and expand Departmental activities for data collec-
tion and analysis. The Secretary shall submit a report 2 years after
the date of enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the
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104
Future Act, and every 2 years thereafter, to the Committee on
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and
the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate sum-
marizing progress toward meeting key performance indicators.
(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
(1) MINORITY-SERVING INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘minority-
serving institution’’ includes the entities described in any of
paragraphs (1) through (7) of section 371(a) of the Higher Edu-
cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
(2) HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITIES.—The
term ‘‘Historically Black Colleges and Universities’’ has the
meaning given in ‘‘part B institution’’ in section 322 of the
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
(3) STEM.—The term ‘‘STEM’’ has the meaning given the
term in the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1861 et
seq.).
(4) TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES.—The term ‘‘Tribal
College or University’’ has the meaning given in section 316 of
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).
* * * * * * *
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171
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 179 here HR72.067
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00171 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
172
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 180 here HR72.068
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00172 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
173
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 181 here HR72.069
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00173 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
174
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 182 here HR72.070
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00174 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
175
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 183 here HR72.071
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00175 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
176
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 184 here HR72.072
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00176 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
177
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 185 here HR72.073
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00177 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
178
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 186 here HR72.074
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00178 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
179
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 187 here HR72.075
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00179 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
180
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 188 here HR72.076
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00180 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
181
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 189 here HR72.077
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00181 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
182
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 190 here HR72.078
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00182 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
183
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 191 here HR72.079
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00183 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
184
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 192 here HR72.080
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00184 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
185
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 193 here HR72.081
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00185 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
186
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 194 here HR72.082
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00186 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
187
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 195 here HR72.083
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00187 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
188
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 196 here HR72.084
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00188 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
189
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 197 here HR72.085
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00189 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
190
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 198 here HR72.086
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00190 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
191
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 199 here HR72.087
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00191 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
192
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 200 here HR72.088
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00192 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
193
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 201 here HR72.089
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00193 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
194
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 202 here HR72.090
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00194 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
195
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 203 here HR72.091
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00195 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
196
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 204 here HR72.092
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00196 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
197
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 205 here HR72.093
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00197 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
198
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 206 here HR72.094
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00198 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
199
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 207 here HR72.095
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00199 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
200
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 208 here HR72.096
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00200 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
201
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 209 here HR72.097
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00201 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
202
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 210 here HR72.098
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00202 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
203
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 211 here HR72.099
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00203 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
204
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 212 here HR72.100
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00204 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
205
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 213 here HR72.101
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00205 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
206
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 214 here HR72.102
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00206 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
207
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 215 here HR72.103
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00207 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
208
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 216 here HR72.104
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00208 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
209
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 217 here HR72.105
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00209 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
210
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 218 here HR72.106
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00210 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
211
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 219 here HR72.107
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00211 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
212
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 220 here HR72.108
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00212 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
213
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 221 here HR72.109
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00213 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
214
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 222 here HR72.110
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00214 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
215
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 223 here HR72.111
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00215 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
216
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 224 here HR72.112
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00216 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
217
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 225 here HR72.113
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00217 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
218
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 226 here HR72.114
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00218 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
219
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 227 here HR72.115
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00219 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
220
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 228 here HR72.116
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00220 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
221
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 229 here HR72.117
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00221 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
222
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 230 here HR72.118
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00222 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
223
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 231 here HR72.119
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00223 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
224
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 232 here HR72.120
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00224 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
225
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 233 here HR72.121
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00225 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
226
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 234 here HR72.122
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00226 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
227
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 235 here HR72.123
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00227 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
228
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 236 here HR72.124
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00228 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
229
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 237 here HR72.125
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00229 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
230
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 238 here HR72.126
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00230 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
231
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 239 here HR72.127
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00231 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
232
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 240 here HR72.128
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00232 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
233
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 241 here HR72.129
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00233 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
234
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 242 here HR72.130
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00234 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
235
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 243 here HR72.131
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00235 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
236
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 244 here HR72.132
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00236 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
237
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 245 here HR72.133
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00237 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
238
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 246 here HR72.134
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00238 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
239
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 247 here HR72.135
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00239 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
240
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 248 here HR72.136
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00240 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
241
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 249 here HR72.137
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00241 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
242
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 250 here HR72.138
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00242 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
243
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 251 here HR72.139
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00243 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
244
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 252 here HR72.140
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00244 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
245
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 253 here HR72.141
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00245 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
246
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 254 here HR72.142
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00246 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
247
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 255 here HR72.143
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00247 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
248
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 256 here HR72.144
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00248 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
249
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 257 here HR72.145
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00249 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
250
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 258 here HR72.146
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00250 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
251
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 259 here HR72.147
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00251 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
252
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 260 here HR72.148
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00252 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
253
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 261 here HR72.149
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00253 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
254
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 262 here HR72.150
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00254 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
255
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 263 here HR72.151
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00255 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
256
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 264 here HR72.152
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00256 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
257
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 265 here HR72.153
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00257 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
258
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 266 here HR72.154
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00258 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
259
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 267 here HR72.155
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00259 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
260
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 268 here HR72.156
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00260 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
261
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 269 here HR72.157
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00261 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
262
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 270 here HR72.158
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00262 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
263
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 271 here HR72.159
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00263 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
264
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 272 here HR72.160
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00264 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
265
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 273 here HR72.161
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00265 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
266
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 274 here HR72.162
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00266 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
267
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 275 here HR72.163
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00267 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
268
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 276 here HR72.164
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00268 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
269
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 277 here HR72.165
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00269 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
270
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 278 here HR72.166
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00270 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
271
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 279 here HR72.167
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00271 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
272
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 280 here HR72.168
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00272 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
273
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 281 here HR72.169
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00273 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
274
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 282 here HR72.170
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00274 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
275
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 283 here HR72.171
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00275 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
276
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 284 here HR72.172
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00276 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
277
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 285 here HR72.173
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00277 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
278
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 286 here HR72.174
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00278 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
279
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 287 here HR72.175
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00279 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
280
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 288 here HR72.176
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00280 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
281
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 289 here HR72.177
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00281 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
282
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 290 here HR72.178
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00282 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
283
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 291 here HR72.179
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00283 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
284
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 292 here HR72.180
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00284 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
285
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 293 here HR72.181
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00285 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
286
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 294 here HR72.182
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00286 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
287
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 295 here HR72.183
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00287 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
288
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 296 here HR72.184
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00288 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
289
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 297 here HR72.185
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00289 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
290
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 298 here HR72.186
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00290 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
291
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 299 here HR72.187
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00291 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
292
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 300 here HR72.188
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00292 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
293
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 301 here HR72.189
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00293 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
294
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 302 here HR72.190
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00294 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
295
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 303 here HR72.191
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00295 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
296
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 304 here HR72.192
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00296 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
297
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 305 here HR72.193
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00297 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
298
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 306 here HR72.194
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00298 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
299
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 307 here HR72.195
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00299 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
300
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 308 here HR72.196
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00300 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
301
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 309 here HR72.197
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00301 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
302
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 310 here HR72.198
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00302 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
303
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 311 here HR72.199
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00303 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
304
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 312 here HR72.200
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00304 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
305
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 313 here HR72.201
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00305 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
306
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 314 here HR72.202
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00306 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
307
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 315 here HR72.203
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00307 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
308
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 316 here HR72.204
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00308 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
309
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 317 here HR72.205
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00309 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
310
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 318 here HR72.206
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00310 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
311
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 319 here HR72.207
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00311 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
312
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 320 here HR72.208
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00312 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
313
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 321 here HR72.209
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00313 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
314
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 322 here HR72.210
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00314 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
315
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 323 here HR72.211
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00315 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
316
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 324 here HR72.212
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00316 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
317
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 325 here HR72.213
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00317 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
318
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 326 here HR72.214
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00318 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
319
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 327 here HR72.215
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00319 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
320
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 328 here HR72.216
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00320 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
321
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 329 here HR72.217
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00321 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
322
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 330 here HR72.218
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00322 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
323
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 331 here HR72.219
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00323 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
324
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 332 here HR72.220
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00324 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
325
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 333 here HR72.221
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00325 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
326
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 334 here HR72.222
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00326 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
327
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 335 here HR72.223
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00327 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
328
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 336 here HR72.224
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00328 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
329
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 337 here HR72.225
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00329 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
330
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 338 here HR72.226
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00330 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
331
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 339 here HR72.227
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00331 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
332
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 340 here HR72.228
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00332 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
333
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 341 here HR72.229
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00333 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
334
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 342 here HR72.230
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00334 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
335
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 343 here HR72.231
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00335 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
336
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 344 here HR72.232
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00336 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
337
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 345 here HR72.233
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00337 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
338
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 346 here HR72.234
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00338 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
339
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 347 here HR72.235
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00339 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
340
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 348 here HR72.236
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00340 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
341
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 349 here HR72.237
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00341 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
342
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 350 here HR72.238
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00342 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
343
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 351 here HR72.239
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00343 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
344
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 352 here HR72.240
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00344 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
345
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 353 here HR72.241
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00345 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
346
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 354 here HR72.242
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00346 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
347
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 355 here HR72.243
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00347 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
348
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 356 here HR72.244
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00348 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
349
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 357 here HR72.245
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00349 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
350
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 358 here HR72.246
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00350 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
351
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 359 here HR72.247
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00351 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
352
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 360 here HR72.248
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00352 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
353
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 361 here HR72.249
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00353 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
354
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 362 here HR72.250
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00354 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
355
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 363 here HR72.251
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00355 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
356
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 364 here HR72.252
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00356 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
357
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 365 here HR72.253
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00357 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
358
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 366 here HR72.254
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00358 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
359
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 367 here HR72.255
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00359 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
360
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 368 here HR72.256
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00360 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
361
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 369 here HR72.257
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00361 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
362
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 370 here HR72.258
VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00362 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
363
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 371 here HR72.259
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00363 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
364
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 372 here HR72.260
VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00364 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
365
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 373 here HR72.261
VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00365 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
366
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 374 here HR72.262
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00366 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
367
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with REPORTS
Insert offset folio 375 here HR72.263
VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:12 Jul 07, 2021 Jkt 019006 PO 00000 Frm 00367 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HR072.XXX HR072
File and source
- File
- CRPT_crpt-117hrpt72_crpt-117hrpt72.pdf
- Size
- 17,858,319 bytes
- SHA-256
- d5e6c3b283a989d5743ec3a87063f0c0a1a09554a51508e2c1e27a45440a0540
- Original
- www.govinfo.gov