Pandemic Darlings The pandemic economy, in original documents
Home Source documents H. Rept. 118–220: SBA Link for Reporting COVID-19 Loan Fraud

H. Rept. 118–220: SBA Link for Reporting COVID-19 Loan Fraud

Issuer
Congressional materials
Document type
Crpt 118Hrpt220
Case
Crpt 118Hrpt220

Summary

House Report 118–220 of the 118th Congress, submitted September 26, 2023 by Mr. Williams of Texas from the Committee on Small Business to accompany H.R. 5426, a bill to require the SBA Administrator to provide a link to resources for reporting suspected fraud relating to certain COVID–19 loans. The committee reports the bill favorably without amendment after a markup on September 14, 2023. The report cites SBA Office of Inspector General testimony that more than $200 billion in potentially fraudulent loans were disbursed, and its section-by-section analysis says the link must be provided within 30 days of enactment. Minority Views signed by Ranking Member Nydia M. Velázquez argue that SBA already links to the OIG website and urge support for the OIG's FY 2024 budget request.

Summary drafted by a model from the document's text below and checked by script against that text before publication. It is a navigation aid, not a reading of what the document proves. Where AI is used

Full text

                                                                                  118TH CONGRESS                                                                                           REPORT
                                                                                                 " HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES                                                        !
                                                                                     1st Session                                                                                           118–220




                                                                                  TO REQUIRE THE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE SMALL BUSINESS ADMINIS-
                                                                                   TRATION TO PROVIDE A LINK TO RESOURCES FOR SUBMITTING RE-
                                                                                   PORTS ON SUSPECTED FRAUD RELATING TO CERTAIN COVID–19 LOANS



                                                                                       SEPTEMBER 26, 2023.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the
                                                                                                      State of the Union and ordered to be printed




                                                                                       Mr. WILLIAMS of Texas, from the Committee on Small Business,
                                                                                                         submitted the following

                                                                                                                                  R E P O R T
                                                                                                                                     together with

                                                                                                                               MINORITY VIEWS

                                                                                                                              [To accompany H.R. 5426]

                                                                                    The Committee on Small Business, to whom was referred the bill
                                                                                  (H.R. 5426) to require the Administrator of the Small Business Ad-
                                                                                  ministration to provide a link to resources for submitting reports
                                                                                  on suspected fraud relating to certain COVID–19 loans, having con-
                                                                                  sidered the same, reports favorably thereon without amendment
                                                                                  and recommends that the bill do pass.
                                                                                                                                         CONTENTS
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Page
                                                                                       I. Purpose and Bill Summary ........................................................................                    2
                                                                                      II. Need for Legislation ....................................................................................            2
                                                                                     III. Hearings .......................................................................................................     2
                                                                                     IV. Committee Consideration ...........................................................................                   2
                                                                                      V. Committee Votes .........................................................................................             2
                                                                                     VI. Section-by-Section of H.R. 5426 .................................................................                     5
                                                                                    VII. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate .............................................                               5
                                                                                   VIII. New Budget Authority, Entitlement Authority, and Tax Expenditures                                                     5
                                                                                     IX. Oversight Findings & Recommendations ..................................................                               5
                                                                                      X. Performance Goals and Objectives ............................................................                         5
                                                                                     XI. Statement of Duplication of Federal Programs ........................................                                 5
                                                                                    XII. Congressional Earmarks, Limited Tax Benefits, and Limited Tariff
                                                                                            Benefits .....................................................................................................     6
                                                                                   XIII. Federal Mandates Statement .....................................................................                      6
                                                                                    XIV. Federal Advisory Committee Statement ...................................................                              6
                                                                                     XV. Applicability to Legislative Branch ...........................................................                       6
                                                                                    XVI. Statement of Constitutional Authority ......................................................                          6
                                                                                   XVII. Minority Views ............................................................................................           7




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING
                                                                                        39–006




                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006     PO 00000       Frm 00001       Fmt 6659      Sfmt 6646      E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX            HR220
                                                                                                                                      2

                                                                                                               I. PURPOSE AND BILL SUMMARY

                                                                                    On September 13, 2023, Rep. Van Duyne, along with Rep.
                                                                                  Landsman, introduced H.R. 5426. The purpose of H.R. 5426 is to
                                                                                  require the Administrator of the Small Business Administration
                                                                                  (SBA) to provide a link on their website to simplify the process for
                                                                                  reporting suspected fraudulent Economic Injury Disaster Loan
                                                                                  (EIDL) and Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans related to
                                                                                  the COVID–19 pandemic.
                                                                                                                  II. NEED FOR LEGISLATION

                                                                                    The SBA’s Office of the Inspector General (OIG) estimates that
                                                                                  $200 billion in potentially fraudulent COVID–19 EIDL and PPP
                                                                                  loans were disbursed by the SBA, resulting in more than 100 years
                                                                                  of investigatory work. This legislation will streamline the process
                                                                                  to recoup these funds.
                                                                                    The bill provides a direct route to report COVID–19 fraud
                                                                                  straight to the OIG rather than having to go through multiple links
                                                                                  and websites. It is a top priority of the Committee on Small Busi-
                                                                                  ness to recoup as many of these funds as possible in the most time-
                                                                                  ly and efficient manner.
                                                                                                                           III. HEARINGS

                                                                                     In the 118th Congress, the Committee held one hearing exam-
                                                                                  ining the issues covered in H.R. 5426. On July 13, 2023, the Com-
                                                                                  mittee held a hearing titled ‘‘Stolen Taxpayer Funds: Reviewing
                                                                                  the SBA and OIG Reports of Fraud in Pandemic Lending Pro-
                                                                                  grams.’’ The SBA OIG testified that the SBA disbursed more than
                                                                                  $200 billion in potentially fraudulent loans through SBA pandemic
                                                                                  relief programs. He also testified that the investigation found
                                                                                  90,000 actionable leads amounting to more than 100 years’ worth
                                                                                  of investigative case work.
                                                                                                               IV. COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION

                                                                                    The Committee on Small Business met in open session, with a
                                                                                  quorum being present, on September 14, 2023 and ordered H.R.
                                                                                  5426 reported favorably to the House of Representatives. During
                                                                                  the markup no amendments were offered.
                                                                                                                     V. COMMITTEE VOTES

                                                                                     Clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representa-
                                                                                  tives requires the Committee to list the recorded votes on the mo-
                                                                                  tion to report legislation and amendments thereto. The Committee
                                                                                  voted to favorably report H.R. 5426 to the House of Representatives
                                                                                  at 11:46 AM.




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING



                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006   PO 00000   Frm 00002   Fmt 6659   Sfmt 6602   E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX   HR220
                                                                                                                                      3




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING

                                                                                                                                                                               Insert offset folio 4 here HR220.001


                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006   PO 00000   Frm 00003   Fmt 6659   Sfmt 6602   E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX   HR220
                                                                                                                                      4




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING

                                                                                                                                                                               Insert offset folio 5 here HR220.002


                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006   PO 00000   Frm 00004   Fmt 6659   Sfmt 6602   E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX   HR220
                                                                                                                                      5

                                                                                                          VI. SECTION-BY-SECTION OF H.R. 5426

                                                                                  Section 1. Website to report fraud relating to certain COVID–19
                                                                                      loans
                                                                                    This section requires the SBA to provide a link within 30 days
                                                                                  of enactment to the Office of the Inspector General’s website where
                                                                                  individuals can report fraud, waste, abuse, mismanagement, and
                                                                                  misconduct related to PPP and EIDLs issued in response to the
                                                                                  COVID–19 pandemic.
                                                                                               VII. CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE COST ESTIMATE

                                                                                    Pursuant to clause 3(d)(1) of House rule XIII, the Committee
                                                                                  adopts as its own the cost estimate prepared by the Director of the
                                                                                  Congressional Budget Office pursuant to section 402 of the Con-
                                                                                  gressional Budget Act of 1974. The Committee has requested but
                                                                                  not received from the Director of the Congressional Budget Office
                                                                                  a cost estimate for the Committee’s provisions. Once available, the
                                                                                  cost estimate will be published in the Congressional Record.
                                                                                        VIII. NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY, ENTITLEMENT AUTHORITY, AND
                                                                                                           TAX EXPENDITURES

                                                                                     Pursuant to clause 3(c)(2) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House
                                                                                  of Representatives and section 308(a)(I) of the Congressional Budg-
                                                                                  et Act of 1974, the Committee provides the following opinion and
                                                                                  estimate with respect to new budget authority, entitlement author-
                                                                                  ity, and tax expenditures. While the Committee has not received an
                                                                                  estimate of new budget authority contained in the cost estimate
                                                                                  prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office pursu-
                                                                                  ant to Sec. 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Com-
                                                                                  mittee does not believe that there will be any additional costs at-
                                                                                  tributable to this legislation. H.R. 5426 does not direct new spend-
                                                                                  ing, but instead reallocates funding independently authorized and
                                                                                  appropriated.
                                                                                                    IX. OVERSIGHT FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS

                                                                                    In accordance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII and clause 2(b)(1)
                                                                                  of rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the over-
                                                                                  sight findings and recommendations of the Committee on Small
                                                                                  Business with respect to the subject matter contained in H.R. 5426
                                                                                  are incorporated into the descriptive portions of this report.
                                                                                                       X. PERFORMANCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

                                                                                     With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII of
                                                                                  the Rules of the House of Representatives, the performance goals
                                                                                  and objectives of H.R. 5426 are to require the SBA to provide a link
                                                                                  on their website to the SBA OIG’s website to simplify the reporting
                                                                                  of potentially fraudulent EIDL and PPP loans.
                                                                                            XI. STATEMENT OF DUPLICATION OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS

                                                                                    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House
                                                                                  of Representatives, no provision of H.R. 5426 is known to be dupli-




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING
                                                                                  cative of another Federal program, including any program that was
                                                                                  included in a report to Congress pursuant to section 21 of Public




                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006   PO 00000   Frm 00005   Fmt 6659   Sfmt 6602   E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX   HR220
                                                                                                                                      6

                                                                                  Law 111–139 or the most recent Catalog of Federal Domestic As-
                                                                                  sistance.
                                                                                  XII. CONGRESSIONAL EARMARKS, LIMITED TAX BENEFITS, AND LIMITED
                                                                                                         TARIFF BENEFITS

                                                                                    With respect to clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the House
                                                                                  of Representatives, the Committee finds that the bill does not con-
                                                                                  tain any congressional earmarks, limited tax benefits, or limited
                                                                                  tariff benefits as defined in clause 9(e), 9(f), or 9(g) of rule XXI of
                                                                                  the Rules of the House of Representatives.
                                                                                                          XIII. FEDERAL MANDATES STATEMENT

                                                                                    The Committee adopts as its own the estimate of Federal man-
                                                                                  dates prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office
                                                                                  pursuant to section 423 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.
                                                                                                    XIV. FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE STATEMENT

                                                                                    No advisory committees within the meaning of section 5(b) of the
                                                                                  Federal Advisory Committee Act were created by this legislation.
                                                                                                      XV. APPLICABILITY TO LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

                                                                                    The Committee finds that the legislation does not relate to the
                                                                                  terms and conditions of employment or access to public services or
                                                                                  accommodations within the meaning of section 102(b)(3) of the Con-
                                                                                  gressional Accountability Act.
                                                                                                    XVI. STATEMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

                                                                                     Pursuant to clause 7 of rule XII of the Rules of the House, the
                                                                                  Committee finds that the authority for this legislation in Art. I, § 8,
                                                                                  cl.1 of the Constitution of the United States.




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING



                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006   PO 00000   Frm 00006   Fmt 6659   Sfmt 6602   E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX   HR220
                                                                                                                 XVII. MINORITY VIEWS
                                                                                     Over the course of the COVID–19 pandemic, the Small Business
                                                                                  Administration (SBA) disbursed approximately $1.2 trillion of eco-
                                                                                  nomic aid through the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) ($792
                                                                                  billion), Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program (EIDL) ($405.2
                                                                                  billion), Restaurant Revitalization Fund (RRF) ($28.6 billion), and
                                                                                  the Shuttered Venue Operators Grant Program, (SVOG) ($14.6 bil-
                                                                                  lion) to help small businesses adversely impacted by the crisis.
                                                                                     In an effort to disburse PPP and COVID–19 funds swiftly, the
                                                                                  SBA weakened and removed internal controls. The Office of the In-
                                                                                  spector General (OIG) issued a number of reports early on warning
                                                                                  of the importance of strong internal controls to mitigate risk, and
                                                                                  a total of 22 reports to identify weaknesses in SBA’s control envi-
                                                                                  ronment throughout the pandemic. Beginning in early 2021, long-
                                                                                  standing anti-fraud controls were reinstituted, and new safeguards
                                                                                  were put into place by the Biden-Harris Administration to reduce
                                                                                  the potential for fraud.
                                                                                     On June 27, 2023, the OIG issued a white paper to provide a
                                                                                  comprehensive review reporting that SBA disbursed more than
                                                                                  $200 billion in potentially fraudulent COVID–19 EIDLs, EIDL Tar-
                                                                                  geted Advances, Supplemental Targeted Advances, and PPP loans.
                                                                                  SBA also issued a report, entitled ‘‘Protecting the Integrity of the
                                                                                  Pandemic Relief Programs,’’ which estimates that $36 billion of the
                                                                                  $1.2 trillion in pandemic relief emergency funds was obtained
                                                                                  fraudulently. Moreover, the agency asserts that 86% of the likely
                                                                                  fraud originated in the first nine months of the pandemic, under
                                                                                  the Trump Administration.
                                                                                     Currently, whistleblowers can report potential fraud to the SBA
                                                                                  Office of Inspector General Hotline (OIG hotline) or the Pandemic
                                                                                  Response Accountability Committee (PRAC). SBA also has a link
                                                                                  on their main page that will lead to a page entitled, ‘‘Preventing
                                                                                  Fraud and Identity Theft.’’ This page has a direct link to the OIG
                                                                                  hotline for reporting fraud, waste, abuse, or mismanagement of fed-
                                                                                  eral funds involving SBA programs.
                                                                                     SBA websites—like those of other federal agencies—must con-
                                                                                  form to U.S. Web Design System standards as required by the 21st
                                                                                  Century Integrated Digital Experience Act (P.L. 115–336). Among
                                                                                  other provisions, those standards require a consistent appearance
                                                                                  across all sites, which is the reason SBA houses its fraud resources
                                                                                  under the Oversight header. Moreover, all government websites
                                                                                  must be accessible to individuals with disabilities in accordance
                                                                                  with Section 508. Having additional banners or pop-up ads could
                                                                                  negatively impact the usability of the website for individuals with
                                                                                  disabilities.
                                                                                     The OIG white paper reported that the office has received more
                                                                                  than 250,000 hotline complaints since the beginning of the pan-
                                                                                  demic. Of those complaints, more than 90,000 have been identified




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING
                                                                                                                                      (7)




                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006   PO 00000   Frm 00007   Fmt 6604     Sfmt 6604   E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX   HR220
                                                                                                                                      8

                                                                                  as actionable leads, which amount to more than 100 years of inves-
                                                                                  tigative case work.
                                                                                     Given that SBA already has a link to the OIG website on its
                                                                                  website, Committee Democrats believe the single most important
                                                                                  action Congress can take to support the OIG in their efforts to com-
                                                                                  bat fraud is to advocate for their Fiscal Year 2024 budget (FY
                                                                                  2024) request. The Administration’s FY 2024 budget plan proposed
                                                                                  $47.704 million of discretionary funding, plus a $1.6 million trans-
                                                                                  fer from SBA’s Disaster Loans Program, and an additional $14 mil-
                                                                                  lion transfer to OIG from a mandatory funding source. The pro-
                                                                                  posed mandatory funding source for the $14 million transfer is no
                                                                                  longer available following enactment of the Fiscal Responsibility
                                                                                  Act of 2023 (P.L. 118–5), which rescinded the unobligated balances
                                                                                  in the SBA Disaster Loan Program account.
                                                                                     The OIG budget request would enable OIG to build on its exist-
                                                                                  ing oversight capacity as COVID EIDL loans enter into repayment
                                                                                  with additional criminal investigators, data scientists, auditors,
                                                                                  and professional staff. These investments in data analytics capa-
                                                                                  bilities, auditors, and investigative coverage will enable OIG to
                                                                                  analyze more data, conduct more audits and reviews, and inves-
                                                                                  tigate more cases, promoting public trust and integrity within
                                                                                  SBA’s programs and operations.
                                                                                     Unfortunately, the House FSGG appropriations bill provides
                                                                                  $32.02 million, which would cripple the OIG, providing budget au-
                                                                                  thority for approximately 130 positions, and bringing operations
                                                                                  back to pre-pandemic levels. The Administration’s FY 2024 budget
                                                                                  provides the necessary funding to enable the OIG to sustain exist-
                                                                                  ing oversight capacity and invest in additional necessary staffing.
                                                                                  Absent the total budgetary resources requested in the 2024 budget,
                                                                                  the OIG will not have sufficient funding to combat fraud within
                                                                                  SBA programs or to provide effective oversight over the agency’s
                                                                                  programs. Critically, OIG will not have a sufficient operating budg-
                                                                                  et to capitalize on the new laws (P.L. 117–165 and P.L. 117–166),
                                                                                  which extended the statute of limitations for fraud in the PPP and
                                                                                  EIDL programs to 10 years.
                                                                                          Sincerely,
                                                                                                                          NYDIA M. VELÁZQUEZ,
                                                                                                                                   Ranking Member.

                                                                                                                                      Æ




rfrederick on DSKB3L4F33PROD with HEARING



                                            VerDate Sep 11 2014   05:23 Sep 30, 2023   Jkt 039006   PO 00000   Frm 00008   Fmt 6604   Sfmt 6611   E:\HR\OC\HR220.XXX   HR220


File and source

File
CRPT-118hrpt220.pdf
Size
594,725 bytes
SHA-256
e3a743f5dc5bdf24bc8d80fd0f55a1f94e9c2627be4fd9168743dc4db981c024
Our copy
CRPT-118hrpt220.pdf
Original
No public link identified.
Back to top