Congressional Record — Senate, July 27, 2022
Summary
Senate proceedings from the Congressional Record for Wednesday, July 27, 2022, Volume 168, No. 125. The Senate met at 10 a.m. with Mr. Brown as Acting President pro tempore, a prayer by Chaplain Dr. Barry C. Black that includes Ukraine, and a letter from the President pro tempore, Mr. Leahy. Consideration resumes of the House message to accompany H.R. 4346, with a pending Schumer motion to concur in the House amendment with Schumer amendment No. 5135 relating to the CHIPS Act of 2022 and amendment No. 5136 adding an effective date. Mr. Schumer says the bill will offer tens of billions of dollars to encourage American chip manufacturing and R&D.
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“Congressional Record — Senate, July 27, 2022.”
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Congressional Record
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117 th CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION
United States
of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE
Vol. 168 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 27, 2022 No. 125
Senate
The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was appoint the Honorable SHERROD BROWN, a commitment to science research, tech-
called to order by the Honorable Senator from the State of Ohio, to perform nological growth, innovation, and ad-
SHERROD BROWN, a Senator from the the duties of the Chair. vanced manufacturing.
PATRICK J. LEAHY,
State of Ohio. The question before the Senate, then,
President pro tempore.
f is simple: Will that prosperity live on
Mr. BROWN thereupon assumed the in the century to come? Are we on the
PRAYER Chair as Acting President pro tempore. brink of another generation of Amer-
The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- f ican ingenuity, of American discovery,
fered the following prayer: RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME of American leadership? By passing our
Let us pray. CHIPS and Science bill today, the Sen-
Lord of our lives, hear our prayers. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- ate says: Yes, we are, and in a loud, bi-
Fill us with Your spirit so that we may pore. Under the previous order, the partisan voice.
please You. leadership time is reserved. Today, by approving one of the larg-
As we seek Your divine approval, em- f est investments in science, technology,
power our lawmakers to do Your will. CONCLUSION OF MORNING and manufacturing in decades—in dec-
Lord, help them not to have an exces- BUSINESS ades—we say that America’s best years
sive focus on the temporary things are yet to come.
while neglecting the eternal. May our The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- This is a very good day for the Amer-
Senators live lives that bring glory and pore. Morning business is closed. ican people and for American innova-
honor to Your Name, receiving Your f tion. The legislation is going to create
approbation for their faithfulness. Cre- LEGISLATIVE SESSION good-paying jobs. It will alleviate sup-
ate in them humble and contrite hearts ply chains; it will help lower costs; and
that will refuse to deviate from the it will protect America’s national secu-
path of integrity. CHIPS ACT OF 2022—Resumed rity interests.
And, Lord, we continue to pray for I am confident that future genera-
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
Ukraine. tions will look back on the passage of
pore. Under the previous order, the
We pray in Your merciful and power- this bill as a turning point for Amer-
Senate will resume consideration of
ful Name. Amen. ican leadership in the 21st century.
the House message to accompany H.R.
f 4346, which the clerk will report. I admit that some of the policies—
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE The senior assistant legislative clerk not all, but some are esoteric, but they
read as follows: are vital. All too often we are told gov-
The Presiding Officer led the Pledge ernment and business think short
of Allegiance, as follows: House message to accompany H.R. 4346, a
bill making appropriations for Legislative
term. This is one of the most signifi-
I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the cant pieces of long-term effect and
Branch for the fiscal year ending September
United States of America, and to the Repub- thinking legislation that we have seen
30, 2022, and for other purposes.
lic for which it stands, one nation under God, in this body in a very long time.
indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Pending:
I believe that our grandchildren and
f Schumer motion to concur in the amend-
our grandchildren’s grandchildren will
ment of the House to the amendment of the
APPOINTMENT OF ACTING Senate to the bill, with Schumer amendment work in jobs we cannot yet imagine be-
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE No. 5135 (to the House amendment to the cause of the investments we are mak-
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senate amendment), relating to the CHIPS ing here today.
clerk will please read a communication Act of 2022. Like the Infrastructure Investment
Schumer amendment No. 5136 (to amend- and Jobs Act and the recent gun safety
to the Senate from the President pro ment No. 5135), to add an effective date.
tempore (Mr. LEAHY). law, the CHIPS and Science bill is one
The senior assistant legislative clerk
RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY LEADER of the major bipartisan achievements
read the following letter: The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- of this Congress. But reaching this
pore. The Democratic leader is recog- point was anything but easy.
U.S. SENATE,
nized. On the contrary, the legislation has
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE,
Washington, DC, July 27, 2022. Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, for been several years in the making, and
To the Senate: the last century—the whole last cen- it took a lot of twists and turns before
Under the provisions of rule I, paragraph 3, tury—America’s prosperity was an- reaching the finish line. It brought to-
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of the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby chored on our country’s unmatched gether industry, labor, universities,
∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.
®
S3707
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S3708 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 27, 2022
Governors, mayors from both parties the result will be countless new, good- in a world of fierce competition. It is
and from every region. And I thank my paying jobs and a bright future for no longer a situation where we can just
colleagues and their staff for pushing it those areas for years to come. leave it up to corporate America be-
over the line. Both bills will help end the chips cri- cause we didn’t have competition. Now
In 2019, I approached my Republican sis by offering tens of billions of dollars there are nation-states funding and
colleague TODD YOUNG. We had talked to encourage American chip manufac- aiding their corporations, and authori-
in the gym that he was interested in turing and R&D. And, if anything, this tarian governments around the world
the same types of investments that I year’s version is stronger because of are doing that and cheering for us to
was. And I said: Let’s work together on the ITC provisions. It will create tens fail—cheering for us, hoping that we
legislation to revive America’s com- of thousands of high-tech manufac- will sit on our hands and not adapt to
mitment to science and innovation. To- turing and Davis-Bacon construction the changes in the 21st century. They
gether, we drafted the first version of jobs from Albany, NY, to New Albany, believe that squabbling democracies
the Endless Frontier Act, a bill whose OH, and beyond. It is going to lower like ours can’t unite around national
policies shaped today’s legislation. costs for cars, washing machines, and priorities like this one. They believe
A year later, we joined with Senators so much more in the long run because that democracy itself is a relic of the
CORNYN and WARNER to begin address- our chip shortage will be alleviated. past and that, by beating us to emerg-
ing our Nation’s chip crisis by pushing Both bills establish the National ing technologies, autocracies around
for an authorization of new Federal Foundation tech directorate and pro- the world hope to reshape the world in
chips as an incentive as part of the vide funding to the Department of En- their own image.
NDAA. And Senator KELLY of Arizona ergy to achieve new breakthroughs in Well, let me tell you something: I be-
has been a major advocate for getting the technologies like AI, quantum lieve in America. I believe in our sys-
these chip programs done. computing, cyber security, renewable tem. I believe that they will not suc-
So even before this Congress began, energy, 5G, biotech, and other discov- ceed. I believe that this legislation will
Members on both sides knew that we eries yet unknown. And both bills pro- enable the United States to
had to work together if we were to vide funding to build wireless commu- outinnovate, outproduce, and
keep America competitive in the 21st nication supply chain to counter outcompete the world in the industries
century. We also knew that if we didn’t Huawei. This was a top priority for my of the future, and I believe that the
get there first, our rivals—chief among colleague MARK WARNER, and I thank strongly bipartisan work on this bill
them the Chinese Communist Party— him for his efforts in this regard. revealed that, in this Chamber, we all
would likely beat us to the punch and The bottom line is this: Today’s leg- believe—all of us, Democrats and Re-
reshape the world in their authori- islation is one of the largest invest- publicans—that another American cen-
tarian image, a frightening, fright- ments in science, technology, and ad- tury lies on the horizon.
ening process. vanced manufacturing in decades. For this, these many worthy reasons,
A month after I became majority Now, of course, while this bill con- let us pass the CHIPS and Science bill
leader, I directed the chairs and mem- tains many critical investments in today.
bers of our relevant committees to chips and scientific research, there are I yield the floor.
start drafting a legislative package to other major proposals from both sides I suggest the absence of a quorum.
outcompete China and create new that are still in the works within the The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
American jobs, with the Endless Fron- conference committee. That important pore. The clerk will call the roll.
tier Act serving as the core of this ef- work must continue. It will. And it is The senior assistant legislative clerk
fort. my intention to put the conference proceeded to call the roll.
I also instructed them to draft legis- committee on the floor in September Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I
lation to plug the dangerous holes in after the work is complete. ask unanimous consent that the order
America’s semiconductor industry. I So let me be clear. Today is a very for the quorum call be rescinded.
said to everyone, to people on both good day for the American people and The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
sides of the aisle, that if both sides for the future of our country. I believe KAINE). Without objection, it is so or-
work together, I would put a bill on the firmly that, when signed into law, this dered.
floor of the Senate later that spring, bill will reawaken the spirit of dis- RECOGNITION OF THE REPUBLICAN LEADER.
and that is what happened when we covery, innovation, and optimism that The Republican leader is recognized.
overwhelmingly passed the U.S. Inno- made America the envy of the world INFLATION
vation and Competition Act in June and will continue to do so. Because of Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President,
2021. It took 3 weeks, lots of debate, the investments we are approving here is how Washington Democrats are
amendments, just as the Senate ought today, America will be the place where describing the American economy.
to work, even on major and difficult the next transformational break- From the White House last month: ‘‘ro-
legislation, as this has been. throughs in industry and science occur. bust economic progress under Presi-
Senators CANTWELL and WICKER were Nearly 80 years ago, Dr. Vannevar dent Biden’s leadership.’’ According to
tremendous leaders in this effort and Bush, the head of the U.S. Office of Sci- President Biden himself, our economy
skillfully managed the floor process. entific Research, wrote in a report to has ‘‘unique strengths that we can
They deserve a great deal of praise not President Truman that ‘‘without sci- build on,’’ that it was ‘‘providing im-
only for passing last year’s bill but for entific progress, no amount of achieve- portant breathing room for American
their efforts this year as well. ment in other directions can ensure families,’’ and that it was ‘‘strong as
A year later, the legislation we are our health, prosperity, and security in can be but for inflation, but for gas and
passing today contains many of the the modern world.’’ The name of that food.’’ The economy is as strong as it
critical investments in that bill. Both report? It was called ‘‘Science: The can be except that pesky thing: the
bills make historic investments in Endless Frontier.’’ It is the inspiration worst inflation in more than 40 years.
science and innovation—the original for much of the work we have dedi- You almost have to laugh at that anal-
Endless Frontier and USICA bill and cated to passing this bill today. ysis.
the bill we are passing today, CHIPS In the wake of Dr. Bush’s report, we Contrast the Democrats’ spin with
plus Science. Both bills make those in- created the National Science Founda- how working Americans are describing
vestments. tion, funded the National Energy Lab- our economy. From a grocery store
We will plant the seeds for devel- oratories, split the atom, spliced the manager in Tennessee: ‘‘It’s just not a
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oping the tech hubs of tomorrow in gene, landed a man on the Moon, and good situation.’’ From a grandmother
places with great potential but which unleashed the internet. We generated in Georgia: ‘‘The food, the gas, the
have been overshadowed by cities like decades of American prosperity and bills, and the mortgage, everything.
San Francisco or Boston or Austin or fostered an innate sense of optimism in . . . It’s a lot on a family.’’ Overall, a
New York City. The bill will help turn the American spirit. majority of Americans are concerned
cities like Buffalo and Indianapolis Today, we face the great task of re- their paycheck can’t cover the essen-
into new centers for innovation, and newing and strengthening that legacy tials amidst inflation, and a majority
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July 27, 2022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S3709
disapprove of what President Biden is them ever again. These are just the Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask
doing about it. known encounters, to say nothing of unanimous consent that the order for
Clearly, something isn’t adding up, the 900,000 ‘‘got-aways’’ that DHS offi- the quorum call be rescinded.
but that isn’t a new feature of Wash- cials think have taken place since the The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
ington Democrats’ one-party control of beginning of the last fiscal year. Put LUJÁN). Without objection, it is so or-
government. In fact, missing the mark another way, a group of people larger dered.
on economic policy has been a hall- than the entire population in my Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, the Biden
mark of the Biden administration. Last hometown broke into our country border crisis continues to rage. Last
spring, they misread what it needed without interacting with border agents month, U.S. Customs and Border Pro-
after a once-in-a-century pandemic and at all. tection encountered 207,416 individuals
flooded the engine with trillions in lib- Alongside this human tide is an ever- attempting to cross our southern bor-
eral spending. Then, they missed the increasing flood of illicit drugs, most der illegally, the highest June number
warning signs of the runaway inflation notably fentanyl. That drug played a ever recorded. And April and May suc-
that that mistake brought on. Now, role in 72 percent of overdoses in Ken- cessively set records for the highest
they are mounting a panicked cam- tucky last year. CBP officials have numbers for any month ever.
paign to redefine the word ‘‘recession’’ seized 5,722 pounds of the stuff this During the 2021 fiscal year, Customs
before the next quarterly GDP comes year alone. Imagine how much slipped and Border Protection encountered a
out tomorrow. through their fingers and onto our record number of individuals attempt-
So Washington Democrats seem to streets. ing to cross our southern border ille-
think the real-world effects of their Are Democrats admitting this is an gally—1,734,686, to be precise—a record.
policies—the pain Americans are feel- emergency? Are they working overtime We still have 3 months to go for this
ing as they try to balance household to put a tourniquet on this crisis? Just fiscal year, but we have already ex-
budgets—can just be spun away—spun the opposite. Secretary Mayorkas ceeded last year’s number by more
away—with talking points. Well, I can jetted to a summit in Aspen earlier than 11,000. That is right. In just 9
tell you there are millions of working this month and pronounced that ‘‘the months, we have already exceeded last
families who wish it were, in fact, that border is secure.’’ That is our Sec- year’s record number of apprehensions.
simple, but you know full well that it retary of Homeland Security. Maybe The situation on our southern border
isn’t. that kind of talk plays well at a ritzy is out of control, although you would
BORDER SECURITY ski resort packed with liberals. It never know it to hear the President
Mr. President, now on a different doesn’t play very well with law en- and his administration. ‘‘The border is
matter, yesterday, I met with members forcement and first responders in secure’’ the President’s Homeland Se-
of the Kentucky Narcotics Officers As- States like Kentucky who have to deal curity Secretary said just a few days
sociation to discuss the ongoing sub- with crime and fatal drug overdoses ago. Again, The border is secure. My
stance abuse crisis in my home State. every single day. The far left throws only question is how he said that with
These frontline professionals have our borders open for ideological rea- a straight face.
watched Kentucky pass some grim sons, and it is the most vulnerable Our southern border is the opposite
milestones in recent years. This is one communities that end up paying the of secure. It is in crisis. The flood of il-
of the most horrifying consequences of deadly price. legal immigration is so great that huge
The president of the National Border numbers of Customs and Border Pro-
the ongoing breakdown of law and
Patrol Council has directly contra- tection officers have been pulled off the
order in our country.
dicted the Biden administration’s in- border to process migrants. A May ar-
In 2020, overdose deaths in the Com-
sistence that our southern border is in ticle from the Economist reported
monwealth increased nearly 50 percent
great shape. Here is what he had to that:
from the year prior, reaching an all-
say. This is the president of the Na-
time high of 1,964. Then, last year, we Around 60 percent of CBP agents have been
tional Border Patrol Council: assigned to process migrants, taking them
broke that record again, recording 2,250
[T]he cartels use illegal border crossers to away from field work.
overdose deaths—14.5 percent higher facilitate their higher value contraband, in-
than in 2020. cluding . . . fentanyl. That, of course, leaves our borders
Remember, as of this past January, 2 wide open to illegal activity, including
In other words, more illegal immi-
years into the pandemic, fentanyl the drug trafficking that is flooding
gration means more of this illegal poi-
alone had killed more Americans aged our country with fentanyl.
son. But President Biden and Wash-
18 to 45 than the coronavirus. That is It also means even with all the appre-
ington Democrats simply won’t admit
not even all overdoses; that is just hensions the Border Patrol has made,
it. Their response to the border crisis
fentanyl alone. many more individuals are getting
has been to issue new internal guidance
The Kentucky law enforcement offi- through unstopped. One source reports
encouraging border personnel to use
cers with whom I got to visit work that so far this fiscal year, there have
more politically correct language when
every day to try to reverse these heart- been more than half a million got-
they are referring to criminal aliens.
wrenching trends. They have had some aways—in other words, individuals the
They would rather police language
success. Earlier this month, in Louis- than police the border. Border Patrol saw but was unable to
ville, law enforcement seized a full Remember, the Biden administration apprehend.
kilogram of fentanyl in Louisville. The spent taxpayer dollars going to court, The Economist article I mentioned
experts say that is enough to kill half arguing they have a right to end the also noted:
a million people in Louisville alone. ‘‘Remain in Mexico’’ policy and throw One border expert estimates that less than
But they are struggling to stem the our borders open even wider. President 20 percent of people trying to cross the bor-
cascade of narcotics pouring into our der undetected are stopped.
Biden tried to cut funding for ICE in
streets. The reason for this, they told his most recent budget. Less than 20 percent—that is a secu-
me, is pretty clear: our unsecured bor- Washington liberals say the compas- rity nightmare.
ders. sionate policy is to lure desperate peo- Our Customs and Border Protection
Already this year, our overwhelmed ple into inhumane conditions, let the agents are giving this job their all, but
Customs and Border Patrol agents en- drug cartels have open season, and let there is no way for them to keep up
countered more than 1.6 million illegal Americans die as a result. That is not with the flood of illegal immigration,
crossers down at the border. That is especially when they are being pulled
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compassion; that is cruelty—an abdica-
close to the total number of encounters tion of duty with deadly consequences off the border to process migrants.
for the entirety of last year. Some of for the American people. It is President Biden’s job to help
these individuals were promptly de- I suggest the absence of a quorum. stop this border crisis, but when he is
tained and deported, but many of them The PRESIDING OFFICER. The not pretending this crisis doesn’t exist,
were booked briefly and then released clerk will call the roll. he is taking actions that are contrib-
into the American heartland. Presum- The senior assistant legislative clerk uting to this disaster. On his very first
ably, we will never hear from most of proceeded to call the roll. day in office, President Biden rescinded
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S3710 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 27, 2022
the declaration of a national emer- again, he would be wrong. Policies that at risk of falling behind economically
gency at our southern border. He halt- encourage illegal immigration, that and technologically to a world power
ed construction of the border wall. He encourage individuals to undertake the that doesn’t value liberty or even
revoked a Trump administration order often dangerous journey across our human life.
that called for the government to southern border often at the mercy of So how should we respond?
faithfully execute our immigration human smugglers are the very opposite For too long, when it comes to Chi-
laws. And his Department of Homeland of compassionate. I would like to think nese aggression, America has relied on
Security issued guidelines pausing de- that the President would wake up to a strategy of deterrence, taking steps
portations, except under certain cir- the dangerous situation we are in and like blocking Huawei from doing busi-
cumstances. That was all, again, on his take action to help stem the flood of il- ness in the U.S., tightening export con-
first day in office. legal immigration at our southern bor- trols, and improving foreign invest-
Needless to say, the effect of all this der, but after a year and a half of his ment rules.
was to declare to the world that the administration’s neglecting this crisis, Now, these are important measures,
U.S. borders were effectively open. And I am not getting my hopes up. I am but they are no longer enough. You see,
even as huge numbers of illegal immi- afraid that, like inflation, out-of-con- it is time to go on the offensive. And
grants pour across our southern border, trol illegal immigration has become a that is exactly what this legislation—
he has continued to build on those ac- fact of life in the Biden Presidency. As which has gone by many names from
tions. The President sought to signifi- with inflation, Americans and those the Endless Frontier Act to the U.S.
cantly limit the ability of Immigration vulnerable individuals who are at- Innovation and Competition Act to
and Customs Enforcement to enforce tempting to enter our country, will be CHIPS+—will do: unleash private sec-
immigration laws. tor innovation while significantly
left to suffer the consequences.
Deportations dropped precipitously I yield the floor. boosting Federal national security in-
during fiscal year 2021, as did arrests in The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- vestments.
the interior of the country. In March of ator from Indiana. Let me highlight a few specifics.
this year, the administration rescinded First, this bill greatly encourages do-
H.R. 4346
mestic investment in semiconductor
a 2019 rule expanding expedited re- Mr. YOUNG. Mr. President, when it
production. Right now, the USA is al-
moval for individuals here illegally. comes to America, I am an optimist— most entirely reliant on other nations
And, of course, the administration is always. You see, I can’t help but ap- for high-tech computer chips that
still attempting to remove title 42 proach the future with great hope. power our smartphones, automobiles,
COVID–19 restrictions, with no viable After all, as Americans, we have never household appliances, and military
plan to control the resulting surge in let obstacles stand in our way or ac- platforms. In fact, the recent shortage
illegal immigration. cepted that problems can’t be solved. of these chips has hobbled our econ-
Illegal immigration, especially the Our citizens are the world’s most in- omy; it has hit our pocketbooks.
kind of out-of-control illegal immigra- genious; our military, its mightiest; For example, a shortage of computer
tion we are currently experiencing, has our economy, the strongest; and our chips forced General Motors to idle its
serious consequences. I have already innovators, the most creative. The last assembly plant in Fort Wayne, IN,
mentioned some of the security risks it century was defined by our accomplish- twice already this year. U.S. semicon-
presents. With Customs and Border ments and our ideals and I believe this ductor production, once accounting for
Protection overstretched, it is easier one will be, too. But I have to say, this nearly 40 percent of the world’s supply,
for bad actors to cross the border into path is not guaranteed. has dropped to just 12 percent, while
our country—gang members, drug traf- Now as then, America’s success de- China’s production share is increasing
fickers, human smugglers, and the list pends on unleashing the potential of rapidly. Ninety percent of the chips
goes on. our people and outcompeting and out- used in our military technology are
Our country is currently in the midst innovating global rivals who don’t made overseas. Let me say that again.
of a fentanyl crisis. In fact, right now, share our values or our economic inter- Ninety percent of the chips used in our
fentanyl overdose is the leading cause ests. military technology are made overseas.
of death for American adults between Right now, we are in the middle of a Most are made in South Korea and Tai-
the ages of 18 and 45. And where is all great power competition with an au- wan, but an increasing number are pro-
this fentanyl coming from? Most of it thoritarian regime in Beijing that duced in China. This is a very real eco-
is being trafficked across our southern seeks global primacy and rejects de- nomic and national security vulnera-
border. The current border situation is mocracy. The Chinese Communist bility.
undoubtedly facilitating that traf- Party is currently investing $1.4 tril- And this bill will reassert America’s
ficking. lion in frontier technologies that will place in this industry and take a giant
Illegal immigration is financially dominate the 21st century—artificial leap towards ensuring that our supply
costly, as well. Immigration and Cus- intelligence, quantum computing, chain and national defense will never
toms Enforcement is currently running hypersonics, among other key tech- be at the mercy of technology produced
out of money for this year, thanks, in nologies. Its innovators are earning overseas.
part, to the out-of-control situation at patents and publishing research in AI Another important aspect of this bill
our southern border. at greater rates than our own. Its is critical applied research funding.
President Biden has talked about schools are producing four times the This legislation reforms and invests in
wanting to build a ‘‘fair, orderly, and STEM graduates as America’s. The the National Science Foundation to
humane’’ immigration system. There is Chinese Communist Party’s computer partner with the private sector and
nothing—nothing—humane about our and science universities are regularly universities to develop critical emerg-
current situation. Encouraging illegal outranking ours. ing technologies that will transform
immigration, as the President’s poli- Its military is making advances in the global landscape. We know that na-
cies have done, has contributed to a cyber warfare and the development of tional success and competitiveness in
humanitarian crisis that saw 557 mi- hypersonic weapons, autonomous vehi- the 21st century economy will be built
grants die attempting to cross the cles, electronic and cyber warfare, and on emerging technologies like quan-
southern border during fiscal year 2021. orbital bombardment systems. tum computing and artificial intel-
Just last month, in an incredibly trag- These are the technologies that will ligence.
ic, horrific story, 53 migrants died in dominate the 21st century, economi-
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Funding research crucial to keeping
an unair-conditioned tractor-trailer cally and militarily. America safe is one of the Federal Gov-
after being smuggled across the border. China’s Government is planning on ernment’s responsibilities, and this leg-
It was a sober reminder of the human winning the AI race, winning future islation will help us not just catch up
costs of policies that enable illegal im- wars, and winning the future. The with but overtake China in these crit-
migration. truth is, if we are being honest with ical areas.
The President may think that his ourselves, Beijing is well on its way to And this bill will establish regional
border policies are compassionate, but, accomplishing these goals. America is technology hubs across our country,
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July 27, 2022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S3711
which will become centers for the re- are living paycheck to paycheck, de- microchip companies from receiving
search, development, entrepreneurship, spite the fact that half of our seniors grants under this legislation unless
and manufacturing of new key tech- live on incomes of $25,000 or less, de- they agreed not to buy back their own
nologies. spite the fact that we have more in- stock—not complicated.
This is incredibly important at a come and wealth inequality today than Now, this is rather amazing. This is
time when too many Americans in the we have had in 100 years, where three really quite incredible and tells you
heartland feel left out and too many billionaires own more wealth than the where we are as a nation politically.
areas overlooked, when only a handful bottom half of America, despite all of Over the past decade, semiconductor
of cities account for nearly 90 percent that, whenever it comes to protecting companies have spent nearly $250 bil-
of job growth in these advanced sec- the needs of low-income or working lion—70 percent of their profits—not on
tors. families, I hear, over and over again, research and development, not on
Simply put, this bill will make we just cannot afford to do that be- building new microchip plants in
America stronger, safer, and more cause of the deficit. America—what this bill is presumably
prosperous. And it is desperately need- Well, guess what? All of that pro- about—but on buying back their own
ed. How do we know? Because the Chi- found and serious concern about the stock to enrich their wealthy share-
nese Communist Party has actively deficit fades away when it comes to holders.
lobbied against this legislation. They providing a $76 billion blank check to Let me repeat: The industry that is
know this bill is bad for China and the highly profitable microchip indus- asking for $76 billion of corporate wel-
good for the United States of America. try with no protections at all for the fare today, over the past decade spent
This bill is about securing our coun- American taxpayer. $250 billion—70 percent of their prof-
try, giving our people the tools to Somehow the deficit is of great con- its—not on research and development,
flourish, and ensuring America con- cern when it comes to providing help to not on building new microchip plants
tinues its global research role. working families, to low-income Amer- in America but on buying back their
It has been a long journey to get to own stock to enrich their wealthy
icans, to children, to seniors, but it is
this point, but history will show that stockholders.
not a concern when you provide mas-
by passing this CHIPS+ bill, we are Apparently, they just couldn’t find
sive corporate welfare for enormously
confronting the challenges of today $76 billion of their own money to invest
profitable multinational corporations.
and building a prosperous and secure in new plants in America. They need
I guess when the semiconductor in-
tomorrow for all Americans. the taxpayers of this country to do it
I urge my colleagues to support this dustry spends $19 million on lobbying
this year alone and when Intel spends for them.
legislation. Do any of my colleagues really be-
I yield the floor. $100 million on lobbying and campaign
lieve we should allow microchip com-
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- contributions over the past 20 years,
panies to receive $76 billion in taxpayer
ator from Vermont. when that industry says: Jump, the re-
assistance without a ban on stock
UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST sponse from Congress is: How high?
buybacks?
Mr. SANDERS. I have heard, time That is what a political system domi- Under my amendment, microchip
and again, my Republican colleagues nated by Big Money looks like. The companies would not be allowed to re-
and a number of Democrats voice their people in this country who desperately ceive taxpayer assistance unless they
serious concern about the deficit and need help can’t get it. The corporations agreed they would not repeal existing
our national debt. We are told that be- that are making huge profits and the collective bargaining agreements and
cause of the deficit that at a time when CEOs who are making exorbitant com- would remain neutral in any union or-
we have the highest rate of childhood pensation packages get everything ganizing effort.
poverty of almost any major country they need—and more. Do any of my colleagues believe that
on Earth, we cannot extend the child In other words, it appears that the we should be handing out corporate
tax credit to help working parents and deep concerns about the deficit are welfare to profitable corporations who
substantially reduce childhood pov- rather selective. are engaged in busting unions?
erty. Now, after I finish my remarks, I will Under my agreement, microchip
At a time when over 600,000 Ameri- give my colleagues a chance to prove companies would not be able to receive
cans are homeless and some 18 million me wrong. I will be raising a budget $76 billion in taxpayer assistance un-
families are spending half of their in- point of order against this bill because less they agreed not to outsource jobs
comes on the high cost of housing, we it increases the deficit by over $79 bil- overseas.
are told over and over again that be- lion, with $76 billion of that money Now, I heard my colleague from Indi-
cause of the deficit we cannot build the going to the microchip industry with ana speak a moment ago about the cri-
low-income, affordable housing we des- no strings attached. sis in the microchip industry, how we
perately need. Let me be very clear. There is no are producing a smaller and smaller
At a time when millions of senior doubt that there is a global shortage of amount, but he forgot to mention—
citizens in this country desperately microchips and semiconductors, which somehow forgot to mention—that over
need help to go to a dentist because is making it harder for manufacturers the last 20 years, the microchip indus-
their teeth are rotting in their mouths, to produce the cars, cell phones, house- try has shut down over 780 manufac-
they can’t afford hearing aids, they hold appliances, and electronic equip- turing plants and other establishments
can’t afford eyeglasses, we are told ment that we need. And that is why I in the United States and eliminated
that we cannot afford to expand Medi- fully support efforts to expand U.S. 150,000 American jobs while moving
care because of the deficit. microchip production. most of its production overseas.
At a time when the average family in But the question we should be asking In other words, what taxpayers are
this country is spending $15,000 a year is this: Should American taxpayers doing are rebuilding an industry that
on childcare—an unimaginable amount provide the microchip industry with a was destroyed by the industry itself by
of money for a working family—we are blank check of over $76 billion at a going abroad in search of more profit.
told that we cannot reform a dysfunc- time when semiconductor companies Under my amendment, microchip
tional childcare system because of the are making tens of billions of dollars in companies would be prevented from re-
deficit. profit right now and paying the head of ceiving taxpayer assistance unless they
At a time when some 70 million Intel some $170 million a year in com- agree to issue warrants or equity
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with SENATE
Americans are uninsured or under- pensation? And I think the answer to stakes to the Federal Government.
insured, we are told that we cannot that question is a resounding no. Now, I happen to believe in industrial
guarantee healthcare to all Americans That is why, at the conclusion of my policy. I think it makes sense for the
as a human right—like virtually every remarks, I will be asking unanimous government and private sector to be
other major country does—because of consent to attach an amendment to working together when it is mutually
the deficit. this legislation. beneficial. If private companies, how-
In other words, despite the fact that This amendment is simple and ever, are going to benefit from gen-
half of the people in our country today straightforward. It would prevent erous taxpayer subsidies—$76 billion—
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S3712 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 27, 2022
the financial gains made by these com- that the motion to reconsider be con- Increasing American chip production
panies must be shared with the Amer- sidered made and laid upon the table is absolutely vital, given the impor-
ican people, not just wealthy share- without intervening action or debate. tance of chips to our economy, as well
holders. Does that sound really unrea- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there as our national defense. The pandemic
sonable? objection? taught us the hard way that we cannot
If these guys are going to make huge The Senator from Washington. be dependent on semiconductor produc-
profits based on this investment, don’t Ms. CANTWELL. Mr. President, I ob- tion halfway around the globe.
you think maybe the taxpayers of this ject. But, of course, chip semiconductors
country who gave them the money The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- are not the whole ball game. This legis-
might be able to get some of those ben- tion is heard. lation goes much further, advancing
efits back? POINT OF ORDER American innovation in quantum com-
The microchip industry today is Mr. SANDERS. Mr. President, I raise puting, advanced robotics, bio-
worth about $680 billion. By 2030, that a point of order that the pending meas- technology, advanced materials, and
market, the market for microchips, is ure violates section 4106 of the concur- artificial intelligence—the full suite of
expected to grow to a trillion dollars. rent resolution on the budget for fiscal technologies that we need to
Do any of my colleagues really believe year 2018, H. Con. Res. 71 of the 115th outcompete China.
that if microchip companies make a Congress, the Senate pay-as-you-go And instead of limiting those invest-
profit as a direct result of these Fed- point of order. ments to a small handful of institu-
eral grants—which is extremely like- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tions in five wealthy States, this bill
ly—the taxpayers in this country, tax- ator from Washington. casts a wide net, enlisting the talent
payers do not have a right to get a rea- Ms. CANTWELL. Mr. President, pur- and expertise of STEM researchers na-
sonable return on that investment? suant to section 904 of the Congres- tionwide. This legislation will guar-
And let us be clear, none of this is a sional Budget Act of 1974, I move to antee that EPSCoR, a program de-
radical idea. All of those provisions waive all applicable sections of that signed to stimulate competitive re-
that I just articulated were included in act and any other applicable budget search in 25 predominantly rural
the CARES Act that passed the Senate points of order for the purpose of the States, receives 20 percent of all R&D
by a vote of 96 to 0. In other words, pending bill, and I ask for the yeas and funding from the National Science
every Senator here has already voted nays. Foundation, up from the current 13
for these provisions. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a percent—13 percent now, 20 percent
Now, I have heard recently some of sufficient second? when it is finally ramped up.
There is a sufficient second. The bill will also reauthorize the Na-
my colleagues who are saying: Don’t
The yeas and nays are ordered. tional Science Foundation, the gold
worry. We have imposed ‘‘strong guard- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
rails’’ to this bill. standard for funding basic research,
ator from Mississippi. and it will establish a new Directorate
Well, let me respectfully disagree.
CHIPS ACT OF 2022 for Technology, Innovation, and Part-
These so-called guardrails would do
Mr. WICKER. Mr. President, I would nerships, called TIP, at NSF to super-
nothing to prevent microchip compa-
like to be recognized to speak on the charge the process of translating basic
nies from outsourcing a single job
bill. research into technology development,
abroad. In fact, these so-called guard- We will soon be moving to a vote on
rails would not even force Intel to di- and then to the commercial market,
the so-called CHIPS legislation. It has enabling us to compete better with
vest all of the money they have put had several names during its consider-
into semiconductor companies in China across a vast range of tech-
ation in the Senate and in the House. I nologies.
China. These so-called guardrails would prefer to call it the CHIPS and Science This legislation would not be com-
do nothing to protect taxpayers or to Act. But it is an important bipartisan plete without new safeguards against
stop microchip companies from union piece of legislation, and I urge its adop- espionage—which we know is taking
busting. tion. place right now—against intellectual
Yes, I understand some language has Is my friend from Vermont seeking property theft, for which the Chinese
been inserted in this bill that would recognition? have become notorious. I am pleased
prohibit microchip companies from Mr. SANDERS. No. we were able to include a number of
using Federal grants to buy back their Mr. WICKER. So I urge my col- long-overdue reforms to protect the
own stock, but let’s be clear, this lan- leagues to vote yes on this legislation. fruits of our Nation’s R&D invest-
guage is totally meaningless. Under It will expand American semiconductor ments. Even so, there is more work to
this legislation, companies will still be production, create new opportunities be done to protect American research
able to use the enormous profits that for research into cutting-edge tech- across the whole of government, and I
they are making to buy back their own nologies, and enhance our ability to commend my friend Senator PORTMAN
stocks. compete with China. from Ohio for moving forward with his
Bottom line, let us rebuild the U.S. There is no more important competi- initiative, which I hope can be incor-
microchip industry. I believe that. But tion than the one for technological su- porated into the statute at some point.
let us do it in a way that benefits all of premacy between the United States This moment has been a long time in
our society, not just a handful of and China. The outcome will shape the the making, and I want to issue some
wealthy, profitable, and powerful cor- global balance of power for decades and bipartisan congratulations and words
porations. will impact the security and prosperity of thanks.
In 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., of all Americans. My dear friend and colleague from
said: Regrettably, at this moment, we are the State of Washington, the chair of
The problem is that we all too often have not in the driver’s seat on a range of the Commerce Committee, Senator
socialism for the rich and rugged free enter- important technologies; China is. CANTWELL, is on the floor, and I con-
prise capitalism for the poor. China and other nations are increas- gratulate her and commend her and
I am afraid that what Dr. King said ingly dominant in tech innovation, thank her for her cooperation with me
54 years ago was accurate back then. posing a massive threat to not only our on this issue.
And as we can see by this legislation economy but to our national security. I want to thank Leader SCHUMER and
today—massive subsidies for the rich But with today’s vote, Congress has a Senator YOUNG, the original cosponsors
and the powerful, while we continue to
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with SENATE
chance to move us back in the right di- of the Endless Frontier Act, as well as
turn our backs on working families— rection and put America back into a Senator CORNYN, Senator SINEMA, and
what King said then is even more accu- place to win the game. many other colleagues who helped
rate now. This legislation—the CHIPS and make this a better bill.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Science Act, I will call it—will provide And I also want to congratulate and
sent that it be in order to call up a historic boost to our semiconductor commend officials from the previous
amendment No. 5145, that the amend- industry, which for too long has played administration—from the Trump ad-
ment be considered and agreed to, and on an uneven global playing field. ministration—who are also telling
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July 27, 2022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S3713
Americans about the importance of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without First is a new mission at the Na-
this legislation. objection, it is so ordered. tional Science Foundation. That new
This is a bill that will be signed by Ms. CANTWELL. Mr. President, I mission is different because the Na-
President Joe Biden, but it is also en- come to the floor today to talk about tional Science Foundation has been fo-
dorsed by Ambassador Robert the legislation before us and how it is cused on basic research. So we are cre-
Lighthizer, President Trump’s Inter- an investment today for jobs tomor- ating, for the first time, in a $20 billion
national Trade Adviser; by Mike row. investment over 5 years, the focus for
Pompeo, President Trump’s CIA Direc- And I want to thank my colleague that new mission at NSF to say that
tor and Secretary of State; and by Rob- from Mississippi for his partnership on they have to focus on translating that
ert O’Brien, former National Security this legislation. It seems like a century science into faster discoveries in prod-
Advisor to President Trump. So three ago that we had a markup in com- ucts and solutions that will help U.S.
distinguished and knowledgeable na- mittee and passed this out—the science manufacturing here at home.
tional defense officials and foreign pol- portion, which we are now voting on— And while the United States has ex-
icy officials are saying this about the 24 to 4, more than a year ago. And yet celled at basic research, we have al-
bill we will soon vote on. here we are today, on the product of lowed other countries to excel at
Ambassador Lighthizer, of the Trump much negotiation, not just in our com- translational research, and that needs
administration, said on Kudlow 2 days mittee but in eight other committees— to stop now.
ago: seven other committees. We need to make the investment in
We are in this existential competition with We are here because we know that in- industries from aerospace to pharma-
China. The battleground of that competition novation is in the DNA of Americans, ceuticals, to farming, to information
is technology and chips. That is where we and we know that it helped us win the technologies that will help increase the
are going to win it or lose it. world wars; it helped us cure disease. pace of innovation here in the United
And he goes on to point out that the We know it has helped create millions States of America.
bill, while not perfect, is exactly the of jobs, and it has helped members of Second, we say that NSF is not alone
bill that we can get done right now, the business community on opposite in its mission. We recognize that the
and I don’t know of any bill that is sides of a phone call or an email con- Department of Energy also has a key
ever perfect. nect to each other to get a product or role to play in translational science.
Mike Pompeo, Secretary of State, a a service. I want to thank the Presiding Offi-
stalwart in the last administration on So this bill embraces American inno- cer, Senator LUJÁN, for his contribu-
national defense, says this: vation and our tradition of it, and I, tion of a $16.9 billion DOE investment
Congress must pass the CHIPS Act for both too, encourage a ‘‘yes’’ vote. that doubles down on the current work
our national and economic security. We have After watching the COVID crisis in key technology areas that we also
to become less dependent on China for crit- mangle our supply chain and see semi- have to do faster translational science
ical technologies—and this is how we do it. conductors be a big part of inflation, to scale up in cutting edge energy
. . . A bipartisan bill, supporting R&D for the shortage of semiconductors has in- R&D. This was a very large portion of
semiconductor chip manufacturing, is essen- creased the cost of a used car by more the energy innovation that was funded
tial to securing vital technologies for our than 40 percent, putting it out of reach in this bill.
economy and our military. of many families at a time when they This legislation also includes a 5-
That is Mike Pompeo, President just needed a car to drive to work. year, $50 billion, first-ever reauthoriza-
Trump’s Secretary of State. So this bill is about making sure that tion of the Department of Energy Of-
And then Robert O’Brien, former Na- we face our manufacturing challenges fice of Science. And I want to thank
tional Security Advisor to President here at home and that we train and Senators MANCHIN and BARRASSO for
Trump, said: skill the scientists and the workers to working on this and its inclusion in
America needs this legislation without get that done. this.
delay. And so thanks start with Senators Combining these investments will go
So I want to also say a note of SCHUMER and YOUNG for their hard a long way in reversing the decline in
thanks to my own staff—my personal work in introducing this legislation Federal R&D that has dropped three-
staff and my committee staff—for their more than 2 years ago. Senator SCHU- fold since 1978. We need to improve U.S.
tireless efforts over the last year and a MER’s great work with Senator YOUNG competitiveness, but we are only going
half on this issue. This is the culmina- on this was an eye-opening change in to do it by investing today for those
tion of a great deal of work by some the way that we make investments in jobs tomorrow.
very, very talented personnel—count- R&D. It was a concept novel then, but Third, the bill also says that we need
less meetings, a legislative hearing in I think we have a lot of understanding to be smarter at how we make our in-
April, a markup in May, a final vote by of it now, and that is to move our R&D vestments. Now, I would say I rep-
the Senate in June after days and days into faster translation into products resent a tech hub. It is already in exist-
of debate on the floor. All of these staff and services. Why? Because the rest of ence. It took 30-plus years to create.
members worked nights and weekends, the world is doing that and we need to There are places like Seattle, San Jose,
considering and helping to manage al- hurry as well. San Francisco, Boston, and San Diego
most 1,000 amendments through the I also want to just point out that that you could say are tech hubs. They
committee and the floor, and all of there are lots of contributions from account for 90 percent of the growth in
them contributed in many ways. Members in this bill: Senator PETERS innovation sectors between the years
I will single out for recognition my on AI scholarships, Senator CORTEZ 2005 and 2017. But is that all we are
policy director, James Mazol, who was MASTO on national science technology going to do in the United States of
absolutely vital to us in putting it all strategy, Senator ROSEN on critical America, allow innovation to just con-
together, and his entire team. minerals, Senator SINEMA on our NASA tinue to be more and more expensive
So thank you very much, Mr. Presi- authorization, Senator WARNOCK on because it is only produced in those
dent. I urge a ‘‘yes’’ vote. I think the semiconductor supply chains, Senators areas?
strong 64 votes we had yesterday on BROWN and COONS on Manufacturing I am a firm believer in distributed
cloture was indicative of the support, USA Institutes, Senator OSSOFF on generation, whether that is electricity
and I anticipate its passage and look cyber security education grants, Sen- or whether that is innovation. And the
forward to its successful passage in the ator MENENDEZ on supply chain issues. more dispersed the innovation is, you
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with SENATE
House of Representatives. So many, many things in this legisla- never know where the next Bill Gates
I yield the floor. tion were contributed by many dif- or Bill Boeing is going to be from and
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ferent Members through a regular what innovation they might come up
ator from Washington. order process. with.
Ms. CANTWELL. Mr. President, I ask But let’s get specific about it. There So this bill also has a new mission in
unanimous consent that I be allowed to are about five or six things in this bill the Department of Commerce in tech-
finish my remarks prior to the sched- that really matter to our Nation at nology hubs, where it will focus on try-
uled vote. this critical moment. ing to foster new collaboration between
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S3714 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 27, 2022
universities, businesses, labor, and We also, in this legislation, make one AMENDMENT WITHDRAWN
local government to accelerate eco- of the most significant investments in The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under
nomic growth and opportunity in inno- STEM over the last many years. It the previous order, all postcloture time
vation. These tech hubs will focus on puts $13 billion into science, tech- is expired, and amendment No. 5136 is
the key technology areas that are in nology, engineering, and mathematics withdrawn.
this bill and help us move faster at in- workforce development. It creates $2 VOTE ON MOTION TO WAIVE
novation. billion to minority-serving institu- The question is on agreeing to the
I want to thank my colleague Sen- tions, including Native American insti- motion to waive.
ator TESTER, from Montana, who is a tutions, to encourage their research The yeas and nays were previously
very big advocate in making sure that and innovation. ordered.
there was geographic diversity to the And I want to thank Senator WICKER The clerk will call the roll.
tech hubs. And we know that while we for his leadership on the F-score provi- The bill clerk called the roll.
want to grow more technology ad- sion, probably one of the more hotly Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the
vancement in the United States, that Senator from Vermont (Mr. LEAHY) and
debated conversations between our col-
we also want to see it not just in Se-
leagues here in the Senate and in the the Senator from West Virginia (Mr.
attle, but in places like Spokane or In-
House. But I would say to my col- MANCHIN) are necessarily absent.
dianapolis or West Virginia or Wichita.
We also increase in this Act the Man- leagues, this is about innovation every- Mr. THUNE. The following Senator is
ufacturing Extension Partnerships. where. This is about growing oppor- necessarily absent: the Senator from
During the pandemic, we saw that tunity everywhere. And that is exactly Alaska (Ms. MURKOWSKI).
many companies could not survive what we are saying with F-score. You The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 64,
without supplies that were no longer never know what the next innovation nays 33, as follows:
available to them. And we know that is going to bring. [Rollcall Vote No. 270 Leg.]
with the manufacturing extension eco- So these key provisions, from diversi- YEAS—64
system, that we have to stay competi- fying our investment in education and Baldwin Hagerty Romney
tive by innovating. This bill delivers job training, from making investments Bennet Hassan Rosen
in tech hubs, to the investment in R&D Blumenthal Heinrich Sasse
$76 billion over 10 years to develop the Blunt Hickenlooper Schatz
next generation of chips and to rees- by both DOD and NSF through faster Booker Hirono Schumer
tablish chip manufacturing in the translational science, we are improving Brown Kaine Shaheen
United States. the ecosystem that we have in the Burr Kelly Sinema
Cantwell King
Now I know my colleague from United States of America. This eco- Capito Klobuchar
Smith
Vermont and my colleague from Flor- system has been built over a long pe- Stabenow
Cardin Luján
Sullivan
ida and many others have criticized riod of time. It represents competing Carper Markey
Tester
this part of the legislation. I know that and collaborating organizations. That Casey McConnell
Cassidy Menendez Tillis
they think that this is somehow—I is what the strength of our R&D is. Collins Merkley Van Hollen
wish, trust me, I wish that—I would So I want to thank Senators SCHU- Coons Moran Warner
probably agree more with the Senator Cornyn Murphy Warnock
MER and YOUNG, Senators CORNYN and
Cortez Masto Murray Warren
of Vermont on the prioritization with- KELLY, and many other people who Whitehouse
Duckworth Ossoff
in our budget on the various things helped introduce and move this legisla- Durbin Padilla Wicker
that will help American families. But tion. I want to thank Senator WARNER Feinstein Peters Wyden
we can’t ignore that chip production Gillibrand Portman Young
for his contributions and thank, again, Graham Reed
has gone overseas and that the United Senator WICKER and his team for the
States has lost its share of that pro- many advances in this legislation. I NAYS—33
duction to the point that we are now also would be remiss if I didn’t thank Barrasso Grassley Paul
down to as little as 12 percent—or retiring Chair EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON Blackburn Hawley Risch
Boozman Hoeven Rounds
could go to 12 percent, at which point, and Ranking Member FRANK LUCAS Braun Hyde-Smith Rubio
who wants to manufacture when the who worked hard to craft the legisla- Cotton Inhofe Sanders
ecosystem is somewhere else? We know tion before us. Cramer Johnson Scott (FL)
that just last year alone, chip short- Crapo Kennedy Scott (SC)
I want to thank on my staff: Lila Cruz Lankford Shelby
ages cost the U.S. economy $240 billion. Helms, Melissa Porter, Mary Guenther, Daines Lee Thune
That is the automobile industry that Amit Ronen, Stacy Baird, Nikki Ernst Lummis Toomey
didn’t have chips; that is part of the Fischer Marshall Tuberville
Teutschel, Christi Barnhart, Jonny
electronics industry that didn’t have NOT VOTING—3
Pellish, Rosemary Baize, Erica Hol-
chips. You can say it is even in the cost
man, and Emma Stohlman for their Leahy Manchin Murkowski
of every product that you buy because
help; and on Senator WICKER’s staff, as The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
we certainly didn’t produce the trans-
he already mentioned, James Mazol HICKENLOOPER). On this vote, the yeas
portation system to even move prod-
and many other people. I want to are 64, the nays are 33.
ucts throughout the United States in
thank on Senator SCHUMER’s staff Jon Three-fifths of the Senators duly cho-
companies like PACCAR that are from
Cardinal, Mike Kuiken, and Meghan sen and sworn having voted in the af-
the Northwest, because they too did
Taira for their hard work. But no one firmative. The motion is agreed to, and
not have chips to put into their trailers
to move products across the United deserves more focus and attention than the point of order falls.
States. So we know that with every Richard-Duane Chambers from my The majority leader.
dollar of chip R&D investment, that in- staff, who literally worked on the last Mr. SCHUMER. I ask unanimous con-
creases GDP gains by $16.50. COMPETES bill and then worked at sent for 3 minutes.
So I know my colleagues would like DARPA, so clearly knows seriously the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
us to make other investments, but I challenges that we faced in getting this objection, it is so ordered.
would say that chips are just as essen- legislation done and getting it over the Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, this is
tial as wheat is in America. People goal line. a very good day for the American peo-
think about our farm investments and So I urge my colleagues to support ple, for American leadership, and for
with no hesitation say: Let’s make this important legislation. We don’t American prosperity in the 21st cen-
know exactly what innovations will tury. After years of hard work, the
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with SENATE
sure that we keep wheat production in
the United States of America. I guar- come out of this, but we do know this: Senate is passing the largest invest-
antee you, chips are no less important. America will be more competitive be- ment in science, technology, and ad-
And we have to have an increase in the cause of it. And we do know this: that vanced manufacturing in decades.
United States, or we are going to con- we will be able to grow our economy This CHIPS and Science bill is going
tinue to fall behind on national secu- for the future because of the invest- to create millions of good-paying jobs
rity issues and on economic develop- ments that we have made today. down the road. It will alleviate supply
ment issues that are so critical. I yield the floor. chains, it will help lower costs, and it
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July 27, 2022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S3715
will protect America’s national secu- We dare not cede the mantle of global sage to accompany S. 3373, which the
rity interests. leadership on our watch. We dare not clerk will report.
All too often, our government and permit America to become a middling The senior assistant legislative clerk
our businesses are accused of being too nation in the middle of this century. read as follows:
short term, but this is one of the most No, we mean for America to lead this House message to accompany S. 3373, a bill
significant long-term thinking bills we century. We mean for America to pros- to improve the Iraq and Afghanistan Service
have passed in a very long time. I told per and grow just as we have done Grant and the Children of Fallen Heroes
our caucus yesterday that our grand- throughout history. It won’t happen on Grant.
children will hold good-paying jobs in its own, but today we are laying the Pending:
industries we can’t even imagine be- foundation for a bold and thriving fu- Schumer motion to concur in the House
cause of what we are doing right now. ture. Today, by passing this CHIPS and amendment to the bill.
And we did it together, both sides co- Science bill, we are making clear that Schumer motion to concur in the House
operating in good faith on some truly amendment to the bill, with Schumer
we believe America’s best days are yet amendment No. 5148 (to the House amend-
difficult issues. I want to thank my to come. ment to the Senate amendment), to add an
colleagues on both sides of the aisle for I yield the floor. effective date.
their superb work on this legislation: VOTE ON MOTION TO CONCUR Schumer amendment No. 5149 (to Schumer
my colleague Senator YOUNG, with The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment No. 5148), to modify the effective
whom I originally authored the Endless question occurs on agreeing to the mo- date.
Frontier Act, as well as Senator CANT- Schumer motion to refer the bill to the
tion to concur with amendment No. Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, with in-
WELL, our conference chair, and Sen- 5135. structions, Schumer amendment No. 5150, to
ators WICKER and WARNER and CORNYN The yeas and nays were previously add an effective date.
and KELLY. I also want to thank Sen- ordered. Schumer amendment No. 5151 (to the in-
ators WARNOCK, BROWN, and SINEMA for The clerk will call the roll. structions (Schumer amendment No. 5150) of
their help and Leader MCCONNELL for The senior assistant legislative clerk the motion to refer), to modify the effective
his support as well as all members of called the roll. date.
the conference committee and all the Schumer amendment No. 5152 (to amend-
Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the ment No. 5151), to modify the effective date.
individual Senators—just about every Senator from Vermont (Mr. LEAHY) and
one of us—who helped shape this legis- the Senator from West Virginia (Mr. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
lation. These are moments when the MANCHIN) are necessarily absent. ator from Arizona.
Senate is at its very best. Mr. THUNE. The following Senator is CHIPS ACT OF 2022
This is going to go down as one of the necessarily absent: the Senator from Mr. KELLY. Mr. President, just a few
major bipartisan achievements of this Alaska (Ms. MURKOWSKI). minutes ago, after a year and a half of
Congress, along with the Infrastructure The result was announced—yeas 64, work, we have finally—finally—passed
Investment and Jobs Act and the re- nays 33, as follows: our plan to boost microchip manufac-
cent gun safety law. The American peo- [Rollcall Vote No. 271 Leg.] turing in the United States.
ple deserve to see more examples like Microchips go in nearly everything
YEAS—64
this, of both sides coming together to we use. They are in the TV or the cell
Baldwin Graham Reed
do very, very big things that will leave Bennet Hagerty
phone that folks are watching this on,
Romney
a lasting impact on our country. Blumenthal Hassan Rosen and they are in lifesaving medical de-
And I am confident that future gen- Blunt Heinrich Sasse vices, and they are in our most ad-
erations will look back on the passage Booker Hickenlooper Schatz vanced weapons systems.
Brown Hirono Schumer
of this bill as a turning point for Amer- Burr Kaine
The United States invented
Shaheen
ican leadership in the 21st century. Cantwell Kelly microchips, and, once, we produced 40
Sinema
And we are paying attention to all of Capito King
Smith percent of the world’s supply. Today,
America. We are making sure tech Cardin Klobuchar we only produce about 12 percent, and
Stabenow
Carper Luján
hubs will be located not just in the big, Casey Markey
Tester we don’t produce any of the most ad-
big megalopolises like San Francisco Cassidy McConnell Tillis vanced microchips.
Collins Menendez Van Hollen
or New York City or Boston but in Warner
Now, that leaves us vulnerable to dis-
Coons Merkley
places like Buffalo and Syracuse and Cornyn Moran Warnock ruptions in the supply chain, like the
Rochester and Indianapolis and Cortez Masto Murphy Warren current microchip shortage that has
Omaha—not just major cities. Daines Murray Whitehouse halted production lines and driven up
For decades, it was America’s fierce Duckworth Ossoff Wicker prices.
Durbin Padilla Wyden
commitment to scientific research, Feinstein Peters Young
If you have recently tried to buy a
technological growth, and advanced Gillibrand Portman car—a new car—and waited months or
manufacturing that made us the envy NAYS—33
paid more than you were expecting, the
of the world. That funding that we put microchip shortage is a big reason why.
Barrasso Hawley Risch
into science created the greatest lab- Blackburn Hoeven Rounds
So we have worked on a plan, Repub-
oratories, split the atom, spliced the Boozman Hyde-Smith Rubio licans and Democrats, with incentives
gene, landed a man on the Moon, and Braun Inhofe Sanders to make sure the world’s leading
Cotton Johnson Scott (FL) microchip manufacturers grow their
unleashed the internet. We generated Cramer Kennedy Scott (SC)
decades of American prosperity and Crapo Lankford Shelby operations here in the United States
fostered an innate sense of optimism in Cruz Lee Sullivan instead of in China or Europe. It also
the American spirit. And we made the Ernst Lummis Thune boosts research so that the most ad-
Fischer Marshall Toomey
world a safer, more hospitable place for Grassley Paul Tuberville
vanced chips in the world are invented
our democratic values. and produced right here in the United
Today, we face the great task of re- NOT VOTING—3 States. That will mean tens of thou-
newing and strengthening that spirit in Leahy Manchin Murkowski sands of new jobs in places like Ari-
this century, in a world of fierce com- The motion was agreed to. zona, which is already a microchip hub,
petition and hungry authoritarians. It f poised to grow as Intel and the Taiwan
is no longer the case where we can just Semiconductor Manufacturing Com-
leave it up to corporate America. Now SERGEANT FIRST CLASS HEATH pany expand and build new manufac-
SSpencer on DSK126QN23PROD with SENATE
there are nation-states and authori- ROBINSON HONORING OUR PROM- turing facilities.
tarian governments funding and aiding ISE TO ADDRESS COMPREHEN- That is all made possible by this leg-
these corporations to come to their SIVE TOXICS ACT OF 2022—Re- islation, and it creates jobs, not just
shores. Authoritarian nations are sumed with those companies but also with the
cheering for us to fail, hoping we sit on The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under companies that supply them the tools
our hands and fail to adapt to the the previous order, the Senate will re- and packaging for their products. And
changes of the 21st century. sume consideration of the House mes- these are great-paying jobs, and many
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