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Congressional Record, Senate, April 28, 2022: Vol. 168, No. 70

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Senate proceedings from the Congressional Record for Thursday, April 28, 2022, Volume 168, No. 70. The Senate met at 10 a.m. with Mr. Leahy as President pro tempore, a prayer by Chaplain Dr. Barry C. Black, and Ms. Rosen presiding as morning business closed. A speaker on energy says the President has called for hiking taxes on fossil fuel companies by tens of billions of dollars and is conducting a campaign against conventional energy production, which is that speaker's characterization. Mr. Toomey also moves regarding the managers on the part of the Senate at the conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses.

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“Congressional Record, Senate, April 28, 2022: Vol. 168, No. 70.” Original at www.govinfo.gov. Archived at Pandemic Darlings, https://pandemicdarlings.com/source-documents/crec-crec-2022-04-28-crec-2022-04-28-pt1-pgs2199-6-9c9022558f/, SHA-256 6a91b31579763518fdc01be4981f50d9534306c88d143a22df7897bfd2fa98c3.

Full text

                                                                                              Congressional Record
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                                                                                                                                                                    117 th CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION
                                               United States
                                                of America                                     PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE


                                             Vol. 168                                                        WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, APRIL 28, 2022                                                                 No. 70


                                                                                                                                     Senate
                                               The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was                                            The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms.                           of an energy crisis, calls for hiking
                                             called to order by the President pro                                         ROSEN). Without objection, it is so or-                taxes on fossil fuel companies to the
                                             tempore (Mr. LEAHY).                                                         dered.                                                 tune of tens of billions of dollars. And
                                                                                      f                                                     f                                    the list goes on.
                                                                                                                                                                                   Perhaps even more troubling, how-
                                                             PRAYER                                                            CONCLUSION OF MORNING                             ever, is the more insidious campaign
                                               The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of-                                                     BUSINESS                                the President has been conducting
                                             fered the following prayer:                                                    The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning                       against conventional energy produc-
                                               Let us pray.                                                               business is closed.                                    tion, using the long arm of financial
                                               Almighty God, to You all hearts are                                                          f                                    regulation and government pressure to
                                             open, all desires known, and from You,                                                                                              directly or indirectly discourage in-
                                             no secrets are hid. Strengthen all who                                                 LEGISLATIVE SESSION                          vestment in fossil fuels and other in-
                                             put their trust in You.                                                                                                             dustries disliked by his political base.
                                               Empower our lawmakers to glorify                                                                                                    The Securities and Exchange Com-
                                             You by following your precepts. May                                          AMERICA CREATING OPPORTUNI-                            mission recently issued a completely
                                             they please You both in their desires                                          TIES      FOR     MANUFACTURING,                     unworkable proposed rule requiring
                                             and deeds. Lord, grant that the words                                          PRE-EMINENCE IN TECHNOLOGY,                          publicly traded companies to disclose
                                             they speak and the thoughts they                                               AND ECONOMIC STRENGTH ACT                            information not only about their own
                                             think will be acceptable to You as You                                         OF 2022—MOTION TO PROCEED                            greenhouse gas emissions but about
                                             pour upon them the abundance of Your                                           The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under                         those of their suppliers and even their
                                             mercies.                                                                     the previous order, the Senate will re-                customers—clearly      attempting      to
                                               Prosper Your providence through                                            sume consideration of the House mes-                   make companies diminish or outright
                                             their efforts, according to Your holy                                        sage to accompany H.R. 4521, which the                 cut ties with traditional energy. Never
                                             will.                                                                        clerk will report.                                     mind whether this expanded environ-
                                               And, Lord, we continue to intercede                                          The bill clerk read as follows:                      mental, social, and corporate govern-
                                             for Ukraine.                                                                   House message to accompany H.R. 4521, a
                                                                                                                                                                                 ance—or ESG, as it is called—desired
                                               We pray in Your mighty Name.                                               bill to provide for a coordinated Federal re-          by the far left can be accurately or
                                             Amen.                                                                        search initiative to ensure continued United           consistently measured, much less
                                                                                                                          States leadership in engineering biology.              proved to have a positive impact on the
                                                                                      f
                                                                                                                            The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-                      economy or for the climate.
                                                  PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE                                                                                                             But the administration doesn’t stop
                                                                                                                          ator from South Dakota.
                                               The President pro tempore led the                                                                                                 there. The Commodity Futures Trading
                                                                                                                                                ENERGY
                                             Pledge of Allegiance, as follows:                                                                                                   Commission established a so-called Cli-
                                                                                                                            Mr. THUNE. Madam President, from                     mate Risk Unit that potentially seems
                                               I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the                                     the beginning, the Biden administra-
                                             United States of America, and to the Repub-                                                                                         designed to pressure industries into
                                             lic for which it stands, one nation under God,
                                                                                                                          tion has displayed a hostility to fossil               making certain investment choices.
                                             indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.                               fuels.                                                 The Federal Reserve, which has zero
                                                                                                                            President Biden set the tone on day 1                business inserting itself into debates
                                                             f
                                                                                                                          of his administration when he canceled                 over climate policy, is suggesting that
                                               RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME                                                 the Keystone XL Pipeline, an environ-                  it should provide ‘‘supervisory guid-
                                               The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Under                                           mentally responsible pipeline project                  ance’’ to large banks on so-called cli-
                                             the previous order, the leadership time                                      that was already underway and that                     mate-related risks. Similarly, the Of-
                                             is reserved.                                                                 was to be paired with $1.7 billion in pri-             fice of the Comptroller of the Currency
                                               The Senator from Nevada.                                                   vate investment in renewable energy to                 recently issued draft principles for
                                               Ms. ROSEN. Mr. President, I suggest                                        fully offset its operating emissions. He               banks on ‘‘climate-related financial
                                             the absence of a quorum.                                                     almost immediately froze new oil and                   risk.’’
                                               The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The                                             gas leases on Federal lands and is only                  President Biden’s climate envoy,
                                             clerk will call the roll.                                                    now making new onshore leases avail-                   former Secretary of State John Kerry,
                                               The senior assistant legislative clerk                                     able for sale after being ordered to do                has        actively—actively—pressured
                                             proceeded to call the roll.                                                  so by a Federal judge. His first budget                banks not to invest in fossil fuels. And
                                               Mr. THUNE. Madam President, I ask                                          contained a series of tax hikes on con-                disturbingly, the original draft of the
                                             unanimous consent that the order for                                         ventional energy production, and his                   National Credit Union Administra-
                                             the quorum call be rescinded.                                                budget this year, released in the midst                tion’s Draft Strategic Plan for 2022 to




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                                                                     ∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.




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                                             S2200                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                          April 28, 2022
                                             2026, though it has since been revised,                 found that ethanol derived by increas-                 problem hasn’t been this high since the
                                             went beyond discouraging investment                     ingly higher crop yields has a more                    last time Democrats controlled the
                                             in conventional energy production and                   than 40 percent lower lifecycle carbon                 White House.
                                             actually suggested that investing too                   footprint than gasoline.                                 Just this morning, we got a dev-
                                             heavily in agriculture—agriculture—                       Beyond all this, Mr. President, is the               astating quarterly GDP report. The
                                             could be problematic for climate-re-                    fact that the President’s attempt to                   economy actually shrank 1.4 percent
                                             lated reasons. Now, I am not sure                       dictate investment by privately owned                  over the last 3 months. No longer are
                                             where the National Credit Union Ad-                     banks and credit unions and companies                  Democrats just presiding over a dis-
                                             ministration thinks our food is going                   is a misuse of the financial regulatory                appointing recovery. Now they have
                                             to come from if banks and credit                        system. The President’s use of the fi-                 thrown the recovery into reverse, and
                                             unions don’t provide capital to their                   nancial regulatory system to pressure                  we are actually going backward. We
                                             farms and ranch clients.                                companies on energy investment has                     haven’t seen inflation this bad in more
                                               All of these measures, as I said, are                 all too familiar echoes of the Obama                   than 40 years—month after month of
                                             designed to directly or indirectly dis-                 administration’s      Operation   Choke                skyrocketing prices.
                                             courage investment in conventional                      Point initiative, which used the Fed-                    It is exactly what everyone knew
                                             energy production and other industries                  eral Deposit Insurance Corporation and                 would happen if Democrats dumped $2
                                             that the far left believes interfere with               the Department of Justice to target                    trillion in printed money on an econ-
                                             its unrealistic environmental agenda.                   companies whose activities the Obama                   omy that was already ready for a
                                             And that is a problem. While I am a                     administration didn’t like.                            comeback. But Democrats rammed
                                             longtime supporter of clean energy and                    The question also becomes, Where                     through the far-left spending. So work-
                                             come from a State that in 2020 derived                  does this end? The government is al-                   ing Americans are paying dearly.
                                             83 percent of its energy generation                     ready pressuring companies on fire-                      This week, the same Washington
                                             from renewables, the fact of the matter                 arms and energy investment, and now                    Democrats who drove this inflation
                                             is that our country is nowhere close to                 there are dangerous signs that agri-                   have finally figured out their response.
                                             being able to eliminate our reliance on                 culture could be targeted on perceived                 They want to raise taxes on the Amer-
                                             fossil fuels. Clean energy technology                   climate-related grounds.                               ican people. The Democratic leader
                                             has simply not advanced to the point                      Well, what is next? Is the Biden ad-                 said this Tuesday:
                                             where we can replace all conventional                   ministration going to pressure banks                     If you want to get rid of inflation, the only
                                             energy production with renewables.                      not to lend to companies who don’t                     way to do it is to undo a lot of the Trump
                                               And cutting off investment in clean,                  espouse the Biden administration’s ex-                 tax cuts and raise rates. No Republican is
                                             responsible oil and gas production will                 treme abortion agenda or who donate                    ever going to do that. So the only way to get
                                             do nothing but drive up energy prices                   to causes the Biden administration                     rid of inflation is through reconciliation.
                                             for American consumers and increase                     doesn’t support? Is it going to pressure                 Said the Democratic leader. Now, re-
                                             our reliance on energy from unstable                    banks not to lend to States with laws                  member, Senator SCHUMER is the same
                                             or unfriendly countries, which, I might                 the administration doesn’t like?                       person who said in March 2021:
                                             add, often extract energy in far less en-                 These are legitimate questions. As                     I do not think the dangers of inflation, at
                                             vironmentally friendly ways than do                     we have seen more than once, the                       least in the near term, are very real.
                                             U.S. producers.                                         Biden administration doesn’t have a                      Now the same person who predicted
                                               Americans are already struggling                      lot of tolerance for those who disagree                that inflation would not happen is say-
                                             with high energy prices, thanks, in                     with its far-left policy goals. Concerns               ing we have to fight inflation by dra-
                                             part, to the Biden administration’s                     like these are one reason why I led 10                 matically raising taxes on the Amer-
                                             hostility to domestic oil and gas pro-                  of my fellow Republicans earlier this                  ican people.
                                             duction, and I don’t think too many                     month in sending a letter to the Presi-                  The answer for Democrats hurting
                                             Americans are eager to see energy                       dent expressing our alarm with his ad-                 families once is for Democrats to hurt
                                             prices rise even further. In the worst-                 ministration’s use of the financial reg-               families twice. This is literally the
                                             case scenario, limiting investment in                   ulatory system to attempt to choke off                 Democratic economic agenda for your
                                             U.S. conventional energy production                     lending to conventional energy produc-                 family: high prices and less money.
                                             could not only drive up prices but con-                 tion and potentially target American                     Republicans’ 2017 tax cuts just about
                                             tribute to fuel shortages here at home,                 agriculture. And I will continue to                    doubled the standard deduction for
                                             as we may end up seeing with countries                  work with my colleagues to ensure                      households. We created a brandnew
                                             that are overly reliant on Russian en-                  that the Biden administration and its                  zero percent tax bracket for the first
                                             ergy. And I am pretty sure there aren’t                 regulators are not making improper                     $24,000 that a married couple brings in.
                                             many Americans who are eager to wait                    use of executive power to discourage                   Repealing that law would cut that in
                                             in line at gas stations for a rationed                  investment in essential production and                 half and raise your taxes. That is what
                                             amount of gas.                                          to pick winners and losers among                       repealing the 2017 tax bill actually
                                               And it is not just high energy prices                 American industries.                                   means.
                                             that Americans could have to worry                        Americans should not have to suffer                    Republican tax cuts also double the
                                             about. If Democrats take their climate                  because Democrats’ climate agenda is                   child tax credit from $1,000 to $2,000, a
                                             hysteria as far as discouraging lending                 out of control.                                        tremendous help for working families.
                                             to certain sectors of the agricultural                    I yield the floor.                                   Repealing the 2017 tax law would slash
                                             economy, like livestock, which now                        I suggest the absence of a quorum.                   those credits in half, but that is what
                                             seems possible, Americans could also                      The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.                           Democrats say they want to do because
                                             see food prices rise sharply. I think it                BOOKER). The clerk will call the roll.                 of the inflation that they created.
                                             is safe to say that it is the last thing                  The legislative clerk proceeded to                     This is Senate Democrats’ position:
                                             American families need in an economy                    call the roll.                                         Because their bad decisions have hurt
                                             that is already beset by 8.5 percent in-                  Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I                      Americans once, the solution is to hurt
                                             flation, not to mention the fact that                   ask unanimous consent that the order                   Americans twice. First, they hurt you
                                             agriculture should actually be regarded                 for the quorum call be rescinded.                      with inflation, and now, they want to
                                             as a good investment when it comes to                     The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without                       hurt you with tax hikes.
                                             climate change considerations. Amer-                    objection, it is so ordered.                             We will see what our citizens have to
                                             ican agriculture should be leveraged as                       RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY LEADER               say about that later this year.
                                             part of environmental and conserva-                          The Republican leader is recognized.                                IMMIGRATION




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                                             tion policies, and our farmers have a                                        INFLATION                           Mr. President, now, on another mat-
                                             vested interest in our land and water.                    Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President,                        ter, yesterday Secretary Mayorkas tes-
                                               Add in the biofuels industry, and our                 runaway inflation is crushing working                  tified: ‘‘We will not lose operational
                                             agriculture sector can responsibly pro-                 American families on Democrats’                        control of the border.’’ But, of course,
                                             vide food, fuel, and fiber for the Nation.              watch. The share of Americans who say                  the truth is they already have. The
                                             In fact, the Department of Energy has                   the economy is our most important                      Secretary’s own Customs and Border



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                                             April 28, 2022                                    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                                  S2201
                                             Protection personnel are struggling to                  Russia against NATO today or the                       tion legislation, and we will work with
                                             keep up with the massive, massive                       threat of aggression by China, Iran,                   the House to finalize this jobs competi-
                                             numbers. Only halfway through the fis-                  North Korea, or some other adversary                   tiveness bill. We will also vote next
                                             cal year, they have already encoun-                     tomorrow, America must be prepared                     Tuesday and Wednesday on 28 motions
                                             tered a million people trying to enter                  to project power all over the globe.                   to instruct—8 from Democrats, 20 from
                                             our country illegally, and that doesn’t                   We cannot assume our adversaries                     Republicans.
                                             count all the people they actually                      will give us time to prepare for battle                   There is still a lot of work to do be-
                                             never caught.                                           or to restock in the middle of one. For                fore we send this competitive jobs bill
                                               But now President Biden wants to rip                  the sake of deterring the next conflict                to the President’s desk. Not everyone
                                             away the one remaining bandaid pre-                     or winning it if deterrence fails, we                  is going to get what they want, but
                                             serving any semblance of law and                        must invest in our military readiness.                 even so, this bill is going to be just
                                             order. He is canceling the pandemic au-                   For 2 years in a row, the administra-                what the doctor ordered to boost our
                                             thorities that let CBP immediately                      tion has submitted budgets that do not                 economy, bring back manufacturing
                                             turn people around and actually send                    adequately resource our military. They                 jobs, and lower costs for American fam-
                                             them back home.                                         have failed to even keep pace with                     ilies.
                                               This week, the administration put                     President Biden’s inflation, meaning a                    Let me say it again. Today, the Sen-
                                             out a laughable excuse for a new border                 net cut in funding. And with prices                    ate is moving forward on legislation
                                             security plan. In this new memo, Sec-                   soaring, it won’t just take longer to                  that is awash with good news for Amer-
                                             retary Mayorkas says he aims to have                    build new Stingers and Javelins; it will               ican jobs, American families, American
                                             a total capacity to hold 18,000 illegal                 cost more for them as well.                            innovation. It is great news for Amer-
                                             immigrants in custody at one time.                        Congress has already given the ad-                   ican families who want to see lower
                                             But here is the problem: That is the                    ministration significant tools and au-                 costs on daily essentials. It is great
                                             number of illegal immigrants that                       thorities to help America’s defense in-                news for workers who want to see good-
                                             some CBP officials fear we could soon                   dustry address the urgent and growing                  paying manufacturing jobs brought
                                             be seeing every single day. Let me say                  demand for critical munitions and                      back from overseas. It is great news for
                                             that again. The administration hopes                    weapons systems. This is precisely—                    our businesses, especially our chip
                                             they will soon be able to hold 18,000                   precisely—the situation the Defense                    manufacturers that need help strength-
                                             people total in custody, while the ex-                  Production Act was designed to ad-                     ening supply chains. And it is great
                                             perts warn we could soon have 18,000                    dress. But instead of invoking the DPA                 news for our innovators, scientists,
                                             coming in every single day.                             as intended, this administration has                   workers at universities, and creators
                                               So perhaps that is why the second                     entertained far-left schemes to use it                 who will help us create new tech-
                                             main point in this Mayorkas memo is                     for unrelated liberal goals like environ-              nologies and generate the next wave of
                                             this: ‘‘moving with deliberate speed to                 mental policy.                                         good-paying jobs in this century.
                                             mitigate potential overcrowding at                        But I am glad to hear President                         Now, we Democrats have bent over
                                             Border Patrol stations.’’ So if you                     Biden will be traveling to Alabama                     backward to get this bill done. We al-
                                             translate that from Washington speak                    next week to visit a facility that man-                lowed a very long list of motions to in-
                                             into plain English, it means they want                  ufactures Javelins. While he is there, I               struct. In fact, it is the most votes on
                                             to speed up catch-and-release a whole                   hope he will reconsider what his ad-                   motions to instruct of any bill in dec-
                                             lot faster. They don’t have a plan to se-               ministration is doing to ramp up pro-                  ades. And it is a sign of both the im-
                                             cure the border. They have a plan to                    duction of other critical munitions and                mense good will we have shown to our
                                             keep the turnstiles greased up and                      weapons systems.                                       Republican colleagues and the fact
                                             spinning as fast as possible—a total ab-                  I hope he will recognize what is need-               that many Members on both sides of
                                             dication and the opposite of what the                   ed to enhance America’s security and                   the aisle have a stake in seeing the bill
                                             American people expect.                                 that of our NATO eastern flank allies                  finalized.
                                                             NATIONAL DEFENSE                        and Asian partners threatened by                          Frankly, it shouldn’t have taken us
                                               Mr. President, now, on one final mat-                 China. The President should use the                    so long to get to this point of forming
                                             ter, the free world has rallied behind                  powerful tools he already has—he al-                   a conference on the USICA legislation,
                                             Ukraine, including by supplying lethal                  ready has—to fix this shortfall before                 but, once again, it is good news that
                                             aid that Ukrainians need to actually                    it is too late.                                        the bill is moving forward.
                                             fight and win this war. But it is not                     I suggest the absence of a quorum.                      I thank my colleagues from both
                                             enough for Americans and our allies to                    The PRESIDING OFFICER. The                           sides of the aisle who worked in good
                                             help arm Ukraine; we need to mod-                       clerk will call the roll.                              faith to help us reach this point. I give
                                             ernize and grow our own defenses at                       The legislative clerk proceeded to                   a particular shout-out to Chairman
                                             the same time. After just 2 months, our                 call the roll.                                         CANTWELL, as well as Senator YOUNG,
                                             aid to Ukraine has drawn down a quar-                     Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask                    my cosponsor on this legislation.
                                             ter—a quarter—of our entire stockpile                   unanimous consent that the order for                           CONFIRMATIONS AND NOMINATIONS
                                             of Stinger anti-air missiles and a third                the quorum call be rescinded.                            Mr. President, as I also mentioned,
                                             of our Javelin antitank missiles. Our                     The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without                       we got more good news yesterday after
                                             eastern flank allies’ stockpiles of simi-               objection, it is so ordered.                           the Senate confirmed every single U.S.
                                                                                                          RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY LEADER                attorney who had been blocked by a
                                             lar weapons have also shrunk as well.
                                               So this is a wake-up call and not just                  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma-                       handful of Republican obstructionists.
                                             about our ability to support the cur-                   jority leader is recognized.                             It was about time that Republicans
                                             rent fight; Ukraine’s expenditure rate                            BUSINESS BEFORE THE SENATE                   finally relented on their dangerous and
                                             of critical munitions should cause us to                  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, it has                   indefensible blockade on Federal pros-
                                             question whether our own wartime re-                    been a good week in the Senate because                 ecutors. I don’t think it has ever hap-
                                             quirements for weapons systems and                      two important things happened. First,                  pened before. These U.S. attorneys are
                                             munitions are sufficient.                               we finally confirmed every single U.S.                 vital to keeping Americans safe. They
                                               This would be less of a problem if we                 attorney that had been blocked by Re-                  are not political positions; they are en-
                                             had a robust defense industrial base to                 publicans, making the country safer.                   tirely dedicated to preserving public
                                             quickly refill our armories. But defense                And today, the Senate is taking the                    safety and protecting our communities.
                                             manufacturers have admitted that the                    next big step toward enacting major                      It was totally reckless for a very
                                             production lines for some critical com-                 legislation to create jobs, bring back                 small band of Republicans, who claim




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                                             ponents have actually dried up, and it                  American manufacturing, strengthen                     to care about public safety, to have
                                             could be years before they could re-                    supply chains, and unleash another                     halted these Federal prosecutors for so
                                             place the weapons that we have already                  generation of American innovation.                     long just to score political points.
                                             sent to Ukraine.                                          Later today, we will vote to enter                     Still, after months of unnecessary
                                               We live in a dangerous world. Wheth-                  into a conference committee with the                   delay, Americans in Georgia and
                                             er it is the prospect of escalation by                  House on the competition and innova-                   Michigan and Ohio and Nevada and



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                                             S2202                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                          April 28, 2022
                                             Minnesota and New Hampshire and                           This is a fight against democracy—                   work. That means, for instance, that
                                             other States can breathe a sigh of re-                  this is a fight of democracy against                   the biggest 25 energy giants in America
                                             lief that the Republican blockade on                    authoritarianism.                                      reported a breathtaking $205 billion in
                                             Federal prosecutors has broken.                           So every penny we approve for                        profits in 2021. If there were real com-
                                               Now, there are many other very im-                    Ukraine is money well spent. And the                   petition, they would fight to get the
                                             portant and uncontroversial nominees                    fight is far from over. We can’t stop                  price lower to get some market share,
                                             who are still being blocked by a hand-                  now. We must make sure that the                        but with very little competition, they
                                             ful of Senate Republicans. Many of                      Ukrainian people will continue to have                 just keep the price up, and the con-
                                             them deal with national security.                       the help they need for as long as they                 sumer is strangled. One executive even
                                             Many of them would help our country                     need it.                                               bragged to shareholders about the ben-
                                             find ways to lower costs. Republicans                     The Senate must also work in a bi-                   efits of ‘‘capturing value from high
                                             should drop their holds on these                        partisan way to pass another round of                  prices.’’
                                             uncontroversial nominees at once or                     time-sensitive COVID funding. On both                    What are the oil companies doing
                                             else we are going to have to keep Mem-                  Ukraine funding and COVID funding,                     with all this cash? They are helping
                                             bers here in the Chamber for late night                 Republican obstruction will not serve                  their CEOs and their biggest, wealthi-
                                             and weekend sessions to get them                        the American people.                                   est shareholders. The amount of
                                             through.                                                  The administration has made clear it                 buybacks is skyrocketing. Buybacks do
                                               Finally, I want to say it was egre-                   needs more COVID money right now in                    no good. They don’t help the worker.
                                             gious for Republicans to similarly pre-                 order to secure the next round of vac-                 They don’t help the consumer. They
                                             vent the nomination of Lisa Cook to go                  cine doses, testing, and the new life-                 don’t even produce more oil, for those
                                             through this week. Make no mistake,                     saving therapeutics, which are so good                 who believe that is the way to go. They
                                             we are going to get her confirmed                       that if you get a positive test and you                simply line the pockets of the CEOs
                                             through the Senate as soon as we can.                   take the therapeutic, the likelihood of                and the biggest shareholders, and then
                                               Lisa Cook is a historic and highly                    getting any kind of COVID, particu-                    they can go back and say: I got the
                                             qualified nominee. She will be the first                larly the more severe kind, is vir-                    stock price up—but not the way you
                                             Black woman ever to sit on the Federal                  tually—is minimal. These are amazing                   are supposed to in capitalism by mak-
                                             Reserve Board of Governors. Her fam-                    drugs. But what is happening? Since we                 ing your company sell more, be more
                                             ily, literally, fought segregation grow-                don’t have the money to purchase                       productive, but, rather, by this hor-
                                             ing up in rural Georgia. And despite                    them, other countries are going to the                 rible buyback, which has become en-
                                             personally facing immense discrimina-                   companies—American            companies,               demic in corporate America and is very
                                             tion, she is now professor of economics                 American innovation that has made                      harmful to America. Yet we are seeing
                                             at Michigan State, a former adviser to                  them. And God forbid there is another                  it in oil more than anywhere else right
                                             President Obama’s Council of Eco-                       variant. We may not have them—all                      now.
                                             nomic Advisers, and is on the Chicago                   because of delay and political games on                  So it is high time—we need somebody
                                             Fed Board’s academic advisory board.                    the other side stopping the COVID leg-                 to look under the hood, see what the
                                               A historic Federal Reserve nominee                    islation.                                              problem is, and give them the tools to
                                             who accomplished as much as Lisa                          The administration has made clear                    fix it. That somebody is the FTC. It is
                                             Cook deserves far, far better treatment                 they need this money right now, and,                   high time for the FTC to roll up their
                                             than what Republicans have shown.                       as I said, if we wait, other nations are               sleeves and drill down on what is going
                                             But, nevertheless, the Senate will vote                 going to beat us to the punch, and                     on at the big oil companies.
                                             on her confirmation as soon as we can.                  America might be left waiting for                        Very soon, the Senate will confirm
                                                             FEDERAL FUNDING                         months before more supplies are made.                  Alvaro Bedoya and return the FTC to
                                               Mr. President, on Ukraine and                         This is a risk. It may be a few months                 full strength. But Congress needs to do
                                             COVID, this morning, President Biden                    away but very real. It is a risk that the              more to beef up the FTC’s ability to
                                             has sent Congress his request for $33                   American people simply can’t afford.                   crack down on potential gas price ma-
                                             billion in emergency funding to sup-                      Of course, there is a very simple way                nipulation and price gouging, so we
                                             port the Ukrainian people. This is a big                we can prevent another closure of                      will work on legislation to that end,
                                             but critically necessary package. I will                schools and churches and businesses.                   among other proposals to lower gas
                                             make sure the Senate prioritizes this                   Republicans should work with Demo-                     prices.
                                             important funding package so we can                     crats to pass another COVID funding                      Once again, as we reach the end of
                                             get help to the Ukrainian people fast—                  bill ASAP. No political games. No poi-                 this week, let me say that I intend to
                                             ASAP.                                                   son pills. No dithering about.                         put legislation that eases the pain of
                                               It was also good to see the President                   In short, we must get both Ukrainian                 gas prices on the floor for a vote when
                                             call for legislation to get tough on Rus-               emergency relief and COVID funding                     it is ready.
                                             sian oligarchs. This must be done. I                    relief done quickly.                                     I yield the floor.
                                             will ask the Senate to arm the Federal                                     OIL COMPANIES                         The PRESIDING OFFICER. The sen-
                                             Government with the tools necessary                       Mr. President, finally, on gas prices                ior Senator from the State of Montana.
                                             to put further pressure on Russian                      and the FTC, earlier this morning, I                                     RURAL AMERICA
                                             oligarchs and Putin’s cronies. I will ex-               joined with Senator CANTWELL, Speak-                     Mr. TESTER. Mr. President, I could
                                             pect we will include authorities that                   er PELOSI, and Chairman PALLONE to                     hardly hear you, but thank you very
                                             expand existing forfeiture laws to                      detail some of the ways Democrats are                  much for that recognition.
                                             achieve that end.                                       helping Americans ease the pain they                     I am about to talk about an issue
                                               We need to go after these crooked                     are feeling at the pump. We are focused                that the man in the Chair, the good
                                             oligarchs who have gotten rich off                      like a laser on developing and passing                 Senator from New Jersey, I know is
                                             Putin’s regime. The war in Ukraine is                   legislation to lower costs and improve                 passionate about. It is certainly some-
                                             on their hands, and the Federal Gov-                    Americans’ daily lives.                                thing that I know Montanans are pas-
                                             ernment should be fully empowered to                      Nowhere else are Americans feeling                   sionate about, and, quite frankly, it is
                                             make sure their moment of reckoning                     the hurt as viscerally and as repeatedly               what I do every day when I am not in
                                             comes.                                                  as they are when they fill up their tank               this body, and that is, talk about rural
                                               Two months into the war, Putin’s                      at the gas station. We are thus working                America and talk about the issues that
                                             hopes for a quick takeover of Ukraine                   on legislation to fight bad actors who                 are facing working families and com-
                                             have all but extinguished, thanks to                    may be using COVID and Ukraine to                      munities across our State, across our




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             the bravery of the Ukrainian people                     jack up prices on consumers to pad                     country, those issues being inflation
                                             and in addition to the aid that the                     their profits, and I intend to put that                and rising costs and market consolida-
                                             United States has provided in the                       legislation on the floor.                              tion and depopulation and drought.
                                             forms of Javelins, Stingers, armed car-                   Oil is basically an oligopoly. A few                   Last year about this time, I made a
                                             riers, tanks, and so many other critical                small companies dominate it. And that                  quick trip to the town of Great Falls,
                                             weapons.                                                means supply and demand doesn’t                        which is about 75 miles away from my



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                                             April 28, 2022                                    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                                S2203
                                             farm, to pick up some tires, and I was                  prices being artificially low, requiring               that, over time, the numbers, they
                                             shocked about not only the price but                    this government’s support. To further                  don’t work out anymore. The amount
                                             the availability. Prices had gone up,                   contribute, whether it is buying inputs                of money you have coming in when you
                                             and availability was—well, they were                    or selling our products—our grain, our                 sell your product isn’t that much dif-
                                             high in demand, and there wasn’t a lot                  cattle, our postcrops, or whatever it                  ferent than it was years before, but yet
                                             of inventory.                                           might be—consolidation in that mar-                    input costs have gone up.
                                               When I got back home, almost the                      ketplace, whether it is on inputs or in                  By the way, I might add, they are not
                                             same moment in time, I got a call from                  the market itself, has made profit-                    that much different than they were be-
                                             my equipment dealer—and this was the                    ability at the farm gate a huge chal-                  fore because we have some serious con-
                                             first time this has ever happened to me                 lenge, to the point where we have been                 solidation in the marketplace, which I
                                             in my 44 years on the farm—and the                      driving folks out of business for dec-                 am going to talk about in a second, but
                                             equipment dealer said: We are going to                  ades and decades and decades, and it is                yet inputs go up. Look, in the last 44
                                             have harvest in about 60 to 90 days, and                getting worse.                                         years that I have been on the farm, I
                                             if you have any repairs that you need                      As most folks know here, I have a                   have seen many boom-and-bust cycles
                                             to be done on your combine, we need to                  real life, and that real life is as a farm-            in agriculture, and I can tell you, every
                                             know what those are today so we can                     er. My wife Sharla and I took over our                 time the price of grain or cattle has
                                             get the parts ordered. Otherwise, we                    family operation in 1978. This oper-                   gone up, the input costs have risen
                                             can’t guarantee you those parts will be                 ation is the same operation that my                    more than what you are getting in the
                                             here.                                                   grandfather and my grandmother                         marketplace, and then when those
                                               That was the second shock about the                   homesteaded in the early 1900s and                     marketplace numbers drop, the input
                                             supply chain issues that I was dealt                    that my folks took over from them and                  prices never go down.
                                             with.                                                   farmed through the forties, the fifties,                 But getting back to that farmer that
                                               So when I came back here to DC, I                     the sixties, and a good portion of the                 you imagine yourself to be like, I want
                                             rang the alarm about the rising costs                   seventies.                                             you to think about what it would be
                                             that were occurring in rural America                       In many ways, the little community                  like to take over the farm that your
                                             and impacting producers in rural                        in which I live is much the same as                    grandfather or great-grandfather or
                                             America caused by this pandemic. I                      when my parents lived there. There is                  great-great-grandfather     homesteaded
                                             had a manufacturer in my office a few                   a big difference, though: The farms now                and it has been successful for genera-
                                             weeks ago saying how this pandemic                      are bigger, and they are fewer.                        tions, and now, all of a sudden, the
                                             has made it so they can’t supply Amer-                     This is an aerial shot of our place,                books don’t balance. You don’t have
                                             ica with what they were making. He                      and the arrows point to farms that,                    enough money to pay the bills. And it
                                             said: You know, during the pandemic,                    quite     frankly—farmsteads       where—              is not because you are a bad operator.
                                             we told folks to go home, and the 40-                   when we came to the farm, there were                   It is not because you don’t know what
                                             and 50-year-olds have forgotten to                      families who lived there. There were                   you are doing. It really is through no
                                             come back.                                              people who sent their kids to the
                                               So, quite frankly, this pandemic has                                                                         fault of your own that you can’t make
                                                                                                     school who lived there. Now, those                     it work anymore.
                                             created some challenges in business, in
                                                                                                     places—those farmsteads and those                        And we wonder why we have a chal-
                                             manufacturing, and in agriculture that
                                             we need to be paying attention to.                      farms that go with those farmsteads                    lenge with mental health in rural
                                               Then we have Putin’s war in Ukraine,                  are farmed by other people.                            America.
                                             which has made things worse, particu-                      In fact, in my home county of                         So the question is, is why did we lose
                                             larly in the areas of energy and, from a                Chouteau County, which is a big coun-                  345,000 farms in the last 30 years, many
                                             farm standpoint, fertilizer. It has also                ty—it is a big agricultural county—                    of them generational farms?
                                             put a strain on our family farms across                 since 1987, we have lost nearly 35 per-                  It is because folks can’t make the
                                             this country, which, by the way, have                   cent of our farms. The numbers have                    numbers work anymore. And that main
                                             already spent years under the gun                       gone from 752 farms down to 477 farms.                 culprit is consolidation in the cor-
                                             where things have not been that                         This is from 1987 to 2017, a 30-year pe-               porate ag world. No competition means
                                             cheery.                                                 riod, which is the last that we have                   you don’t get fair prices.
                                               Even before the pandemic upended                      data for.                                                So I have listed four companies up
                                             supply chains and the global economy,                      In the State of Montana overall, op-                here that in the—or four industries, I
                                             we had the previous administration’s                    erations over $2,500 have gone from                    should say—in the poultry business, 54
                                             unnecessary,     needless,   and,   quite               20,000 basically to 17,000, as this chart              percent of the poultry processing is
                                             frankly, stupid trade wars, which dis-                  shows—once again, the same 30-year                     controlled by one company. Sixty-six
                                             rupted critical ag markets for the fam-                 period from 1987 to 2017.                              percent—or by four companies, I mean.
                                             ily farmers across this Nation and the                     Across this Nation, operations with                 Sixty-six percent of the hog processing
                                             family farm ranchers across this Na-                    more than $2,500 in sales have dropped                 is controlled by four companies. Four
                                             tion who depend upon trade to make                      from nearly 1.6 million farms down to                  commodity traders control 70 percent
                                             ends meet. In the years since, we have                  11⁄4 million farms in 2017, as this chart              of the global market for grain, and four
                                             seen the price of grain rise because this               shows.                                                 companies control over 80 percent of
                                             administration has done a much better                      So, look, if these charts show you                  the beef processing in the United
                                             job on trade policy than the last one,                  nothing else, they should show you                     States.
                                             but the fact is, we have also seen in-                  that, from a rural America standpoint                    Now, any one of these sectors—truth-
                                             creases in fertilizers, in chemicals, in                and a food supply standpoint and a food                fully, any one of these sectors, those
                                             housing, and in retail food.                            security standpoint, we are not                        four companies could go out on a golf
                                               But the reality is that rural America                 healthy. We are heading in the wrong                   course and set the price that my neigh-
                                             truly is in crisis today, and it has been               direction.                                             bors are getting for their products and
                                             a growing problem for decades under                        You know, there has been a lot of                   that the consumer is going to pay for
                                             both Democratic and Republican ad-                      talk about agriculture and its impact                  their products when it is on the retail
                                             ministrations here in Washington. Ag                    on mental health. So try to imagine for                end.
                                             producers have become so reliant on                     a second that you are a farmer or a                      And this happens while they continue
                                             the Federal Government that in the                      rancher. You are working nearly every                  to pull in record profits. And the ulti-
                                             year of 2020, the last year of the Trump                day on the land that was your grand-                   mate effect of all this consolidation on
                                             administration, 39 percent of net farm                  parents or your great-grandparents, po-                rural communities is it has pushed




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             income was provided through subsidies                   tentially     your     great-great-grand-              family farming and ranchers to the
                                             by the American taxpayer. That is a                     parents. The land is literally a history               brink of extinction.
                                             big problem, and it is not something                    of your family and the generations be-                   And so you ask yourself: Why should
                                             that farmers and ranchers want either.                  fore you who did basically the same                    I care?
                                               The reason for this is because of mar-                work—feeding people—in the same                          Well, for one, the American taxpayer
                                             ket consolidation, because of farm gate                 place to make the same living, except                  is paying a pretty penny because of



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                                             S2204                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                        April 28, 2022
                                             this consolidation. In recent years, we                    So bottom line is, we have got to put               they can have it their way because
                                             have averaged well over $10 billion a                   some guardrails on the system if we                    they have had it their way for a long,
                                             year to help keep American farmers in                   are going to make this marketplace                     long time. And because they have had
                                             the business across this country. I be-                 work because it is not working today.                  it their way for a long, long time, con-
                                             lieve it is money well spent, but the                      So we have got some legislative solu-               sumers are paying higher prices be-
                                             truth is that there is not a farmer or a                tions. Congress has the opportunity to                 cause there is no competition, without
                                             rancher out there that doesn’t want to                  do something, and I have worked very                   any regard to what people can afford.
                                             get their check from the marketplace;                   closely with a number of my col-                       It is all about the profit margins,
                                             they do not want it from the Federal                    leagues, including the man that is sit-                which—I will show you that one again
                                             Government. But without it, we would                    ting in the chair today, on bipartisan                 too.
                                             see even a bigger mass exodus out of                    legislation that can put guardrails on                   It is all about record profits. It is not
                                             rural America. They want their mar-                     consolidation and puts some sunlight                   about making sure that we have food
                                             kets to work. They want to make it so                   on this industry.                                      security. It is about how we can maxi-
                                             it benefits them and it benefits the                       I particularly want to thank Sen-                   mize our money at the expense of fami-
                                             consumer, and, quite frankly, right                     ators GRASSLEY, FISCHER, WYDEN, and                    lies.
                                             now it is not working because we have                   ROUNDS, as well as Senator BOOKER, for                   And by the way, the same is true on
                                             four companies that control 54 percent                  their good work.                                       the agriculture side of the equation.
                                             of the food supply in chickens, four                       In the case of GRASSLEY, FISCHER,                   We will maximize our profits, and we
                                             companies that control 66 percent of                    WYDEN, and ROUNDS, we have put forth                   don’t care if these generational ranch-
                                             the supply in pork, 70 percent in the                   the bipartisan Cattle Price Discovery                  ers go broke. We don’t care. Somebody
                                             grain markets, four companies, and                      and Transparency Act. That is a long                   else will buy it. We will still get the
                                             over 80 percent when it comes to beef.                  name for a bill that is going to increase              cattle. It will be some big hedge fund in
                                               There is no competition, folks. There                 transparency in the marketplace and                    New York City. It is OK.
                                             is no competition. And this is also bad                 set regional mandatory minimum                           So we need to do something because
                                             not only for the taxpayer, but also for                 thresholds for negotiated cattle pur-                  our citizenry needs to have access to
                                             our food security.                                      chases. This is going to ensure that the               food that they can afford. These two
                                               What this pandemic has taught us is                   ranchers get a fair price, but it won’t                bills are going to help capitalism work
                                             when you have big processors with                       ensure it alone. We have to do more.                   for farmers and it is going to help cap-
                                             thousands of people that work in these                     We have to also pass the Meat Pack-                 italism work for consumers because, I
                                             plants and you get an incidence of                      ing Special Investigator Act, which                    am telling you, when capitalism works,
                                             COVID, for example, it shuts the entire                 will put teeth back in the Packers and                 everybody does better.
                                             plant down because you literally have                   Stockyards Act, which was passed back                    I said this problem has been around
                                             people in these plants that are working                 in 1921 because of consolidation in the                for over 100 years since the Packers
                                             shoulder-to-shoulder processing meat.                                                                          and Stockyards Act was passed in 1921.
                                                                                                     packing industry, and we are more con-
                                             So COVID goes through these plants                                                                             So there will be some in this body who
                                                                                                     solidated today than we were in 1921.
                                             like that. So they shut them down.                         So this will give the Department of                 say: Look, we don’t need to do this.
                                               Or you end up with a fire like we had                 Ag a team of investigators within the                  This is government intervention. It is
                                             at a processing plant in Kansas, which,                                                                        not necessary. Things will be just fine.
                                                                                                     USDA, with subpoena power, dedicated
                                             obviously, a fire shuts the plant down.                                                                          I can guarantee you one thing for
                                                                                                     to      preventing     and     addressing
                                               Or we have a cyber attack that hap-                                                                          sure: If you look at where we have been
                                                                                                     anticompetition practices in the meat                  and predict where we are going, if we
                                             pened on one of these big four, JBS,
                                                                                                     and poultry industry and enforcing our                 do nothing, there will be very, very,
                                             which shuts them down.
                                               So you say: What the heck? It is just                 Nation’s antitrust laws that are cur-                  very few people living in rural Amer-
                                             one plant.                                              rently on the books.                                   ica. Family farm agriculture will be
                                               Well, these plants individually make                     And I am asking my colleagues, when                 dead in this country. And if we lose
                                             up a large portion of these percentages                 these bills hit the floor—and I believe                family farm agriculture, this country
                                             that I talked about.                                    they will hit the floor, hopefully this                will change for the worse in a major
                                               And so what happens? The market-                      work period—to pass these bills, get                   way for all the reasons I have already
                                             place goes away once again for the pro-                 them to the House so we can get them                   put out.
                                             ducers, the farmers, the ranchers; and                  to the President’s desk as quickly as                    So I am going to tell you what. Folks
                                             on the other end, it limits supply and                  possible.                                              serve in this body because they want to
                                             the family—the working family that                         If you take these two bills, the meat               do right by the next generation. They
                                             goes to the grocery store sees their                    packing special investigator bill and                  want to make sure our kids and our
                                             prices go up and they say what do we                    the bipartisan cattle price discovery                  grandkids have the same opportunity
                                             want? Well, we can’t do this. I mean,                   bill—by the way, they are both bipar-                  that we had. They want to make sure
                                             we can’t afford to eat because the                      tisan—and you combine that with the                    this country remains the greatest
                                             prices are jacked up.                                   dollars that the administration has put                country on Earth. I implore the Mem-
                                               So it is bad for producers; it is bad                 out to loan to small meat packers, to                  bers of this body: When these bills
                                             for the consumers.                                      expand and start up meat packers, we                   come to the floor, and they will come
                                               And the fact is, is these packers are                 will infuse more competition into this                 to the floor because I think they are
                                             doing pretty darn well. The last quar-                  marketplace and that will be good for                  going to come out of Agriculture prob-
                                             ter of 2020, Tyson Foods increased their                producers and it will be good for con-                 ably in the next week to 10 days—no
                                             year-to-year profit over $469 million to                sumers and we will not continue to see                 pressure, Chairman STABENOW, but
                                             $1.13 billion. That is a 140-percent in-                this decline in rural America.                         that is what I hope happens—and we
                                             crease in profit.                                          Look, a well-fed citizenry is essential             can get these bills to the floor, I hope
                                               Now, I am going to tell you some-                     if a democracy is going to survive.                    that you put your shoes—put your feet
                                             thing. I don’t think there is anything                  With the consolidation that we have                    in the shoes of those people that are in-
                                             wrong with making a profit. In fact, I                  seen over the last many decades, we see                volved in agriculture, and I hope you
                                             think if you are going to have a busi-                  the potential for food to become a seri-               put your feet in the shoes of the con-
                                             ness that is successful, you have to                    ous problem in this country, and poten-                sumer, because if we do these bills, we
                                             make a profit. But the fact of the mat-                 tially even weaponized.                                will be putting the country back on the
                                             ter is, if we are making a profit—these                    Rural America is going to dry up if                 right track for food security for the
                                             kinds of profits—and it is killing our                  we don’t fix this problem. It is going to              long term.




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             folks in family farm agriculture, I                     continue to see this diagram where we                    The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. WAR-
                                             don’t think that is quite right. And I                  could see fewer folks on the land and                  REN). The Senator from Washington.
                                             don’t think that is good for rural                      we see bigger corporations manipu-                       Ms. CANTWELL. Madam President, I
                                             America, and I don’t think it is good                   lating for their prices, because, quite                ask unanimous consent that I be al-
                                             for the consumers that live in this                     frankly, they have already found out—                  lowed to complete my remarks prior to
                                             country.                                                ‘‘they’’ being the big packers—that                    the vote.



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                                             April 28, 2022                                    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                                    S2205
                                               The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without                          Obviously, I hope my colleagues will                 We are a leader in global technology.
                                             objection, it is so ordered.                            vote yes to compound this motion and                   We know that we can solve our prob-
                                               Ms. CANTWELL. If the Senator—                         go to conference and allow for these                   lems by solutions that we, together—
                                             first of all, I want to associate myself                various motions to instruct.                           business and labor and government and
                                             with the comments of the Senator from                     It has been 324 days since the Senate                R&D investment—can bring the best
                                             Montana, and I wanted to ask a ques-                    passed this bill on June 8, 2021, and it               ideas to fruition and help us as a na-
                                             tion because I—look, I hear from my                     has been 488 days since we authorized                  tion.
                                             cattlemen about this all the time.                      the CHIPS Program. I am here to im-                      But we have to show that we, Demo-
                                               I think the issue is, they think they                 plore my colleagues to get this done                   crats and Republicans, House and Sen-
                                             are going to get a price, they think                    today and to say that we need to move                  ate, can master the next step in the in-
                                             they are going to grow beef, they think                 faster.                                                novation process. That is what these
                                             that they are going to have some cer-                     We just heard yesterday from Com-                    underlying bills do. It basically allows
                                             tainty in this marketplace, only to                     merce Secretary Gina Raimondo, who                     us to dust off our R&D skills and say:
                                             find, at the last minute when the beef                  said even in Ukraine, weapon replace-                  Let’s do more translational science.
                                             is about to be delivered to the packing                 ment is being hindered by a lack of                      So we have had lots of letters from
                                             house, the packing house comes up                       chips. We know that we are facing                      people supporting tech hubs—invest-
                                             with a scheme or scenario to drop their                 other problems. I am talking about                     ments of universities working with
                                             price after our growers have made                       Beijing with further lockdowns. What                   business in a centralized location to
                                                                                                     does that mean? It means fewer people                  solve engineering problems and move
                                             these investments. Is that right?
                                               Mr. TESTER. Yeah. So, look, you                       producing products. It means more se-                  ahead. We have the Manufacturing Ex-
                                                                                                     rious supply chain issues. So if you are               tension Partnership Program. And
                                             have a situation where you have got
                                                                                                     serious about America’s competition,                   many of our small and medium-sized
                                             four companies who control 82 percent
                                                                                                     Americans being allowed to build more                  businesses that need access to tech-
                                             of the meat in this country. There is no
                                                                                                     and invest more in the United States,                  nology and supply chain data to better
                                             secret. When you don’t have any com-
                                                                                                     onshoring of our manufacturing supply                  compete in a global economy and pro-
                                             petition—and that is not competition—                                                                          vide security want this legislation.
                                             that you are not going to get a fair                    chains, our competitiveness, then you
                                                                                                     want to vote yes and go to conference.                   So the risks of inaction are too great
                                             price.                                                                                                         to ignore. The U.S. Innovation and
                                               And, by the way, these ranchers all                     We have had so many letters in the
                                                                                                     last month—the American Society of                     Competition Act is clearly part of our
                                             have fixed costs. It is not like they can                                                                      supply chain solutions. I urge my col-
                                             just cut their costs. They have fixed                   Engineering Education, tech compa-
                                                                                                     nies that believe in the competition                   leagues to not only help us by invoking
                                             costs.                                                                                                         cloture and going to conference but
                                               And right now, because of the                         and the opportunity that we have
                                                                                                     seen—writing us and saying to please                   help us resolve these issues in a timely
                                             drought west of the Mississippi, hay                                                                           fashion so we can send a price signal
                                             prices are at an alltime high. So all                   get this legislation done. We have seen
                                                                                                     used car prices shoot up 40 percent be-                about the investments that we want to
                                             this stuff exacerbates the problem.                                                                            make in the United States of America
                                               What we need is more competition.                     cause semiconductor shortages have
                                                                                                     basically created havoc in the auto-                   to make our Nation and our manufac-
                                             We will get more competition. And                                                                              turers more competitive.
                                             when we get more competition, it will                   motive market.
                                                                                                       And it is clear that our European and                  With that, I yield the floor.
                                             be fair for everybody, both the pro-                                                                                             CLOTURE MOTION
                                                                                                     Asian counterparts aren’t waiting.
                                             ducer and the consumer.                                                                                          The    PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.
                                                                                                     They are moving ahead trying to deal
                                               Ms. CANTWELL. Well, I thank the                                                                              SCHATZ). Pursuant to rule XXII, the
                                                                                                     with this supply chain shortage be-
                                             Senator from Montana for articulating                                                                          Chair lays before the Senate the pend-
                                                                                                     cause as the Secretary also told us yes-
                                             this issue.                                                                                                    ing cloture motion, which the clerk
                                               Too much market control, not                          terday, the shortage is well defined. We
                                                                                                     know that it is going to last well into                will state.
                                             enough transparency, and our growers                                                                             The senior assistant executive clerk
                                                                                                     the future; that is, there is demand.
                                             basically get stuck with having in-                                                                            read as follows:
                                                                                                       So the question for the world econ-
                                             vested costs never to recuperate them                   omy is, Are you going to try to meet                                  CLOTURE MOTION
                                             because somebody used that market                       that demand? And the answer is, there                    We, the undersigned Senators, in accord-
                                             power to basically lower those costs.                   are a lot of people who are going to try               ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the
                                             And, you know, we have seen this a lot.                 to meet that demand.                                   Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby
                                             We have seen them import a ton of Ca-                     The question is, Are we going to try                 move to bring to a close debate on the mo-
                                             nadian beef right at this very moment,                                                                         tion to insist on the Senate amendment to
                                                                                                     to meet that demand? The longer we                     H.R. 4521, a bill to provide for a coordinated
                                             right when they are about to deliver                    wait, the longer we take to meet that                  Federal research initiative to ensure contin-
                                             U.S. product into the meat packing                      demand, the more the investment is at-                 ued United States leadership in engineering
                                             plants: Oh, we just dropped the price                   tracted to go somewhere else.                          biology, agree to the request from the House
                                             because we got so much supply because                     Now, the United States of America                    for a conference, and authorize the Chair to
                                             they just let a lot of supply in from                   believes in having the leading edge in                 appoint conferees on behalf of the Senate.
                                             Canada.                                                 semiconductor production, and we are                       Charles E. Schumer, Michael F. Bennet,
                                               So this—the gentleman from Mon-                       excited that the next generation of                          Tammy Baldwin, Richard J. Durbin,
                                             tana is talking something that is exist-                                                                             Patty Murray, Margaret Wood Hassan,
                                                                                                     chips can do so many things for the                          Gary C. Peters, Mazie K. Hirono, Tina
                                             ing in other aspects of our economy                     smart appliances; smart tools; clean                         Smith, Alex Padilla, Debbie Stabenow,
                                             too. So I am very glad that we are try-                 energy economy; obviously, the com-                          Kirsten E. Gillibrand, Mark R. Warner,
                                             ing to better police these markets and                  munications economy; the next genera-                        Tim Kaine, Tammy Duckworth, Brian
                                             do a good job. And I know you and the                   tion of all sorts of technology as it re-                    Schatz, Jon Tester.
                                             Senator from Mississippi have focused                   lates to our telecom sector. But we                      The PRESIDING OFFICER. By unan-
                                             on this issue, and we very much appre-                  need to get this bill done. We need to                 imous consent, the mandatory quorum
                                             ciate you doing that.                                   resolve the differences between the                    call has been waived.
                                               Well, Madam President, we are about                   House and the Senate. And we need to                     The question is, Is it the sense of the
                                             to go to conference on the United                       have bipartisan support to show that                   Senate that debate on the motion to
                                             States Innovation and Competition Act                   the U.S. Senate can function legisla-                  insist on the Senate amendment to
                                             and the House America COMPETES                          tively on an issue that is not a manda-                H.R. 4521, a bill to provide for a coordi-
                                             Act. Boy, this is a long time coming. I                 tory or annual bill but a process by                   nated Federal research initiative to en-




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             want to thank Leader SCHUMER and my                     which an issue, presented to us as a na-               sure continued United States leader-
                                             colleague Senator WICKER, also Sen-                     tion—supply chain, competitiveness,                    ship in engineering biology, agree to
                                             ators YOUNG and CORNYN and other                        manufacturing issues—that we can get                   the request from the House for a con-
                                             Members who worked hard to help us                      the job done.                                          ference, and authorize the Chair to ap-
                                             reach an agreement so that we can                         We in the United States pride our-                   point conferees on behalf of the Senate,
                                             have this process today.                                selves on being a nation of inventors.                 shall be brought to a close?



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                                             S2206                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                       April 28, 2022
                                               The yeas and nays are mandatory                       is the announcement that on May 23,                    areas. So this title 42 decision by the
                                             under the rule.                                         distressingly, the crisis is going to get              administration likely, at that point,
                                               The clerk will call the roll.                         a lot worse.                                           saved thousands of American lives; it
                                               The senior assistant legislative clerk                  On May 23, the experts tell us, in-                  protected our public health; it helped
                                             called the roll.                                        cluding people from this own adminis-                  our Border Patrol bring down illegal
                                               Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the                       tration, that the number of people ille-               immigration.
                                             Senator from Connecticut (Mr. MUR-                      gally coming to this country could                       Last July, Joe Biden tried to end
                                             PHY) and the Senator from Oregon (Mr.                   double or even triple overnight. Since                 title 42. He said coronavirus was over;
                                             WYDEN) are necessarily absent.                          Joe Biden took office, there have been                 it was behind him. He was patting him-
                                               Mr. THUNE. The following Senator is                   millions and millions of illegal cross-                self on the back for the great job he
                                             necessarily absent: the Senator from                    ings from our southern border into the                 had done. And then the Delta variant
                                             Missouri (Mr. BLUNT).                                   United States. The Border Patrol esti-                 hit the country like a sledgehammer.
                                               The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 68,                   mates that more than 700,000 illegal                   Joe Biden and the administration were
                                             nays 29, as follows:                                    immigrants got away from them since                    caught by surprise. People looking for
                                                         [Rollcall Vote No. 141 Leg.]                Joe Biden has taken office. This in-                   testing were running into long lines,
                                                                  YEAS—68                            cludes 62,000 people just last month. It               empty shelves. He and the administra-
                                             Baldwin           Hassan             Risch              works out to about 2,000 illegal immi-                 tion were caught completely off guard
                                             Bennet            Heinrich           Romney             grants vanishing into the United                       as has this administration on so many
                                             Blumenthal        Hickenlooper       Rosen              States every single day. These are the                 things—on the border; on the failure in
                                             Booker            Hirono             Rounds
                                             Brown             Kaine
                                                                                                     ones who got away. These aren’t the                    Afghanistan; on inflation, which they
                                                                                  Sasse
                                             Cantwell          Kelly              Schatz
                                                                                                     tens and tens of thousands who are                     said was going to be temporary and
                                             Capito            King               Schumer            coming through the process and being                   transitory, month after month after
                                             Cardin            Klobuchar          Shaheen            registered and released into the United                month.
                                             Carper            Leahy
                                             Casey             Luján
                                                                                  Sinema             States. Once they get in, most likely,                   The administration showed they have
                                                                                  Smith                                                                     no core competence to run this Nation.
                                             Cassidy           Manchin
                                                                                  Stabenow
                                                                                                     they will never leave.
                                             Collins           Markey
                                                                                  Sullivan             Under Joe Biden, we are breaking                     By September of last year, the Biden
                                             Coons             McConnell
                                             Cornyn            Menendez           Tester             record after record, and these are the                 administration was forced to admit
                                             Cortez Masto      Merkley            Tillis             wrong kind of records to break. Last                   that one in every five illegal immi-
                                             Crapo             Moran              Toomey             year, the number of illegal immigrants                 grants coming to this country was
                                             Daines            Murkowski          Van Hollen
                                                                                  Warner
                                                                                                     who came to the United States was the                  bringing disease with them. That is
                                             Duckworth         Murray
                                             Durbin            Ossoff             Warnock            highest ever recorded. At the same                     tens of thousands of illegal immigrants
                                             Feinstein         Padilla            Warren             time, America’s immigration enforce-                   bringing disease into a country each
                                             Gillibrand        Peters             Whitehouse         ment is the least amount ever. And to                  month.
                                             Graham            Portman            Wicker                                                                      But now Joe Biden wants to end title
                                             Grassley          Reed               Young
                                                                                                     that point, the Biden administration
                                                                                                     seems to think everything is going just                42 forever and do it on May 23. If it
                                                                 NAYS—29                             fine.                                                  ends, we are told and believe that this
                                             Barrasso          Hagerty            Marshall             Yesterday, the Secretary of Home-                    will cause a tidal wave of illegal immi-
                                             Blackburn         Hawley             Paul               land Security testified before Congress.               gration like this Nation has never seen
                                             Boozman           Hoeven             Rubio
                                             Braun             Hyde-Smith         Sanders
                                                                                                     I was on a conference call with him the                before. Right now, Homeland Security
                                             Burr              Inhofe             Scott (FL)         day before, where he met with a num-                   is preparing for up to 18,000 illegal im-
                                             Cotton            Johnson            Scott (SC)         ber of the Members of the Republican                   migrants each and every day after title
                                             Cramer            Kennedy
                                             Cruz              Lankford
                                                                                  Shelby             leadership. What the Secretary said                    42 ends. That is half a million people a
                                                                                  Thune              yesterday is this. He said:                            month. That is a population equal to
                                             Ernst             Lee
                                                                                  Tuberville
                                             Fischer           Lummis                                  We have effectively managed an unprece-              the entire population of the State of
                                                              NOT VOTING—3                           dented number of non-citizens seeking to               Wyoming. Mr. President, I assume the
                                                                                                     enter the United States.                               State of Maine—I don’t know the exact
                                             Blunt             Murphy             Wyden
                                                                                                       ‘‘Effectively managed?’’                             population—but if you bring in half a
                                               The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr.                              To me, this is an early candidate for                million people a day, it doesn’t take
                                             KING). On this vote, the yeas are 68, the               the fact checkers’ ‘‘lie of the year.’’                too many days to add up to the popu-
                                             nays are 29.                                            They haven’t effectively managed any-                  lation of the State of Maine.
                                               Three-fifths of the Senators duly cho-                thing. The only thing they have effec-                   So what are Democrats saying about
                                             sen and sworn having voted in the af-                   tively managed to do is erase the bor-                 this? Well, Barack Obama’s Secretary
                                             firmative, the motion is agreed to.                     der completely.                                        of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson,
                                               The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-                         The men and women on our Border                      whom we met with regularly when he
                                             ator from Wyoming.                                      Patrol are working around the clock.                   was in that position—he once said 1,000
                                                              BORDER SECURITY                        They are heroes, although they have                    a day would overwhelm the system.
                                               Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I                        been vilified by the President of the                  Joe Biden seems pretty happy with
                                             come to the floor today to talk about                   United States. This crisis is happening                18,000 a day. Right now, we are at 6,000
                                             the Biden border crisis. Right now, our                 because Joe Biden’s policies have tied                 a day.
                                             Nation is facing a dangerous national                   the hands of the border agents. They                     We have a system that is over-
                                             security crisis at the border, and it is                are being both abused and disrespected                 whelmed and it is going to get a lot, lot
                                             all because of the policies and the ac-                 by this President and this administra-                 worse. Joe Biden could triple the num-
                                             tions of President Joe Biden.                           tion.                                                  ber of illegal immigrants overnight to
                                               Now, there are a lot of crises that we                  On Joe Biden’s first day in office, he               18,000 a day come May 23.
                                             are facing. There is the border crisis;                 stopped all construction of the border                   Earlier this month, former Secretary
                                             the crisis of high gas prices; there is a               wall. He ended the successful ‘‘Remain                 Jeh Johnson, whom I alluded to ear-
                                             crisis of inflation, which is at a 40-year              in Mexico’’ policy. In fact, just last                 lier—this is what he said. He said the
                                             high; and there is the crisis of the issue              week, his lawyers were pleading a case                 current crisis trends are unsustainable.
                                             of international affairs with Vladimir                  before the Supreme Court to eliminate                  He said it overwhelms communities in
                                             Putin on NATO’s doorstep having in-                     a policy that protects the national se-                Texas and Arizona; it overwhelms the
                                             vaded Ukraine.                                          curity of our Nation.                                  Border Patrol. This is Barack Obama’s
                                               When you take a look at all of these,                   Joe Biden is now ending title 42. Peo-               Secretary of Homeland Security saying




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             the two that I hear about most at home                  ple at home say: What exactly is this                  that. I believe Secretary Jeh Johnson
                                             in Wyoming are that of inflation and                    title 42? Well, it is a section of our laws            is right.
                                             that of illegal immigration. The thing                  that deal with public health. At the                     Recently, the head of the Del Rio,
                                             that is really bringing this to the fore                start of the pandemic, the Centers for                 TX, Border Patrol union—and my col-
                                             today and why I am coming to the                        Disease Control closed our border to                   league from Texas is on the floor here,
                                             floor to talk about Biden’s border crisis               people     from      coronavirus-impacted              the senior Senator—this head of the



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                                             April 28, 2022                                    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                                  S2207
                                             Del Rio, TX, Border Patrol union spoke                  They voted for the Biden border agen-                  bers oppose what this President is
                                             here on Capitol Hill. He said there are                 da, and every Democrat shares the                      doing to this country in terms of how
                                             some days in Del Rio when officers are                  blame for this crisis.                                 he is affecting the economy, inflation,
                                             so busy with transportation and proc-                     What happens if the border doesn’t                   energy prices, and the border. This is a
                                             essing of these illegal immigrants that                 stay at the border? No, it makes each                  President with record low numbers on
                                             no one is patrolling the border, the                    one of us less safe. Border Patrol tells               all of those areas, and it is all of his
                                             southern border of the United States.                   us they have caught, so far, 42 terror-                own doing and his own making. Mr.
                                                And I am certain that the senior Sen-                ists trying to cross the border since                  President, do not make this, your own
                                             ator, the distinguished Senator from                    Joe Biden took office. How many got                    border crisis, even worse.
                                             Texas—Senator CORNYN, who is on the                     away? We are hearing the numbers get-                    I yield the floor.
                                             floor—will address this issue after I get               ting away is 60,000 a month—getaways.                    The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-
                                             finished speaking because he sees this                  How many of those are terrorists who                   ator from Texas.
                                             every weekend, as he is home in Texas                   are now living in our midst?                             Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, let me
                                             and talks to people from Texas every                      Federal narcotics agents say that the                start by expressing my gratitude to the
                                             day, the crisis that is hitting his home                vast majority of illegal drugs in this                 Senator from Wyoming, Senator BAR-
                                             State and is hitting this entire Nation.                country came here over our southern                    RASSO, for laying out the nature of the
                                                So this Del Rio sector covers an area                border. That is how they are getting in.               border crisis that we are experiencing
                                             of 240 miles of border. And the head of                 Drug overdoses have never been higher                  and have experienced at the highest
                                             Del Rio, TX, Border Patrol told us no                   than they are right now. One hundred                   levels in 20 years, during the year and
                                             one is patrolling that section of the                   thousand Americans died of drug                        a half—or year and a quarter, I guess,
                                             border because the personnel are too                    overdoses last year. People are dying                  of the Biden administration.
                                             busy filling out paperwork and moving                   every day in every State because of                      But I want to come to the floor and
                                             illegal immigrants from location to lo-                 drugs being brought in across the                      talk about an aspect of the border cri-
                                             cation.                                                 southern border by the lax border poli-                sis that has not been sufficiently dis-
                                                In Yuma, AZ, up to 90 percent of Bor-                cies of Joe Biden and the Democrats.                   cussed or noticed, and that is the con-
                                             der Patrol agents are busy with trans-                    If title 42 ends, it is going to mean                nection between the flood of illegal
                                             portation and caretaking duties. Nine-                  more drugs, more crime, more death in                  drugs coming across the border—not
                                             ty percent of their agents cannot spend                 all of our States. Even the Washington                 just with the 100,000 drug overdose
                                             their time guarding the border. As a re-                Post newspaper—their editorial board,                  deaths we experienced in America last
                                             sult, large portions of the southern                    that is not known for being conserv-                   year, but also with crime and gangs
                                             border in Arizona are wide open, which                  ative or lining up with conservatives—                 and guns in every community across
                                             is why I believe the junior Senator                     this is what they recently said:                       the United States, from Maine to
                                             from Arizona is so vehemently oppos-                      A migrant surge is coming at the border—             Texas, from Virginia to California.
                                             ing the President of his own party for                  and Biden is not ready.                                  A Gallup poll published earlier this
                                             a reckless move by a President, who                       All of America knows that. They                      month found that 80 percent of Ameri-
                                             seems to disregard the importance of                    know Biden is not ready. He is not                     cans are worried about crime and vio-
                                             even having a border to our Nation.                     ready to be President, not ready to run                lence. It seems like there is a new
                                                Media reports show that 60,000 people                the economy, not ready to help with                    headline every day about acts of vio-
                                             right now are waiting at our southern                   the military, not ready on any level,                  lence in cities across our country.
                                             border. They are counting down the                      and at the border, the Washington Post                   Two weeks ago, for example, a gun-
                                             days until title 42 is over. Some of                    points out he is not ready.                            man set off smoke grenades and opened
                                             them will bring in drugs, some will be                    The article went on and said:                        fire on a crowded New York City sub-
                                             human traffickers, some of them may                       The predictable effect of lifting Title 42 is        way car. Chicago just experienced its
                                             even be on the Terror Watch List. If                    a new influx of migrants . . . which would             most violent weekend this year, with 8
                                             you are a foreign terrorist on the Ter-                 compound an existing surge at the . . . bor-           people murdered and 42 others shot.
                                             ror Watch List, this is a dream come                    der . . . for weeks or much longer.                      Earlier this month, a gang shootout
                                             true if you are trying to get to Amer-                    The Washington Post points out and                   in Sacramento killed 6 and wounded 12.
                                             ica.                                                    predicts:                                              The American people aren’t just notic-
                                                On May 23, we will face a humani-                      Absent progress on [addressing the root              ing this trend; they are demanding so-
                                             tarian crisis, a public health crisis, and              causes], the Biden administration . . . will           lutions. Rising crime rates have caused
                                             a national security crisis all in one                   surely face more chaos at the border.                  many leaders to change their tune on
                                             greater—much greater than the one we                      This is an administration of chaos.                  this idea, this crazy idea called ‘‘defund
                                             are facing today and is already terri-                  The Washington Post—that was my ad-                    the police.’’
                                             fying Americans in every State because                  dition. They ended by saying ‘‘more                      New York City, Oakland, and Balti-
                                             with an open border, every State is a                   chaos at the border.’’ I am adding ‘‘an                more are among the cities to reverse
                                             border State, every city is a sanctuary                 administration of chaos.’’                             their previous cuts in police funding.
                                             city, and people are subjected to the                     Look, the Post is exactly right. This                And that is for a very simple reason. It
                                             drugs and the crime that is coming                      crisis is 100 percent preventable. It is a             is because defunding the police is dan-
                                             with it and the deaths that are coming                  crisis of Joe Biden’s choosing and Joe                 gerous.
                                             as well.                                                Biden’s making. It is a crisis that is en-               There is no question that law en-
                                                Now, many Democrats are asking                       tirely the result of Democrats’ reckless               forcement plays an important role in
                                             and telling Joe Biden: Keep title 42 in                 open border policies. We need to go                    stopping crime, but we have to remem-
                                             place. Yet these same Democrats, they                   back to policies that work.                            ber that this crime surge is tied to far
                                             voted in lockstep with CHUCK SCHUMER                      I ask the President to keep title 42 in              more than just police departments. I
                                             and Joe Biden the last 15 months. They                  place. Listen to the Democrats who are                 am reminded of a quote by H. L. Menc-
                                             understand today that Joe Biden’s pol-                  talking to you in addition to us, Mr.                  ken:
                                             icy is unwise and very unpopular. But                   President, who say keep title 42 in                      For every complex problem, there’s a solu-
                                             these are the same Democrats who                        place.                                                 tion that is simple, neat, and wrong.
                                             came to the floor and voted to stop                       And enforce the laws on the books,                     So when looking at the factors that
                                             building the border wall; the same                      close the loopholes that encourage ille-               fuel this upsurge of violence and crime
                                             Democrats who in this very Chamber                      gal immigration, finish the wall, bring                in our cities across the country, we
                                             voted to give stimulus checks—send                      back the ‘‘Remain in Mexico’’ policy;                  can’t ignore a big contributor of that,




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             out checks to illegal immigrants when                   we know it works.                                      which is the crisis occurring along our
                                             they voted last year. Not one of those                    The American people in every State                   southern border. Some of the numbers
                                             Democrats joined us in supporting title                 are pleading with Joe Biden. Only                      are familiar to all of us. For example,
                                             42 last summer.                                         about one in three Americans support                   Customs and Border Protection en-
                                                Democrats can run for reelection, but                the President’s policy at the border,                  countered more than 200,000 migrants
                                             they cannot run from their records.                     two-thirds don’t. Overwhelming num-                    along the southern border last month



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                                             S2208                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                      April 28, 2022
                                             alone, the highest number in more                         As we all have learned, fentanyl is a                go to Atlanta. They go to New York.
                                             than two decades.                                       uniquely dangerous drug because it is                  They go to San Diego. They go to vir-
                                               The total number of migrant encoun-                   so potent, a lethal dose can fit on the                tually every community in our country
                                             ters over the last 12 months exceeds 2.2                tip of a sharpened pencil.                             where they are then distributed to peo-
                                             million. You might be tempted to ask                      In the first 3 months of this year,                  ple to feed addictions, which result in
                                             what in the world is going on; why are                  Customs and Border Protection seized                   overdoses and death. It is not just a
                                             things changing? I want to make one                     nearly 1,200 kilograms. Now, a kilo-                   border problem. This affects every sin-
                                             thing clear, though. I am in no way                     gram is 2.2 pounds, so that is 2,640                   gle community in our country.
                                             suggesting that all of these individuals                pounds of fentanyl were seized at the                    Last year, the special agent of Chi-
                                             coming across the border are dangerous                  border, enough to wipe out the entire                  cago’s DEA office spoke about what
                                             criminals. Many of them are economic                    U.S. population.                                       happens when these drugs and crimi-
                                             migrants looking for a better life.                       Cartels and criminal organizations                   nals reach your backyard. He said car-
                                             Something we all understand.                            aren’t just trying to smuggle their                    tels use every means possible to get
                                               But there are definitely people com-                  product into the United States, they                   drugs from Mexico into the United
                                             ing across the border who are dan-                      have to have a way to distribute those                 States and then to local markets. In
                                             gerous criminals, primarily associated                  drugs across our country. And that is                  Chicago, that means predominantly to
                                             with the drug cartels, who threaten                     where the criminal gangs come into                     the gangs that control the drug mar-
                                             public safety in every city in America                  the picture.                                           kets in Chicago.
                                             every day.                                                Last Tuesday, agents from the Rio                      But it is not just Chicago. It is lit-
                                               We need to acknowledge that a                         Grande Valley Border Patrol Sector ar-                 erally every community in America.
                                             human flood of people, even people po-                  rested an MS–13 member. MS–13 is one                   These are the same gangs that fuel the
                                             tentially associated with legitimate                    of the most violent gangs on the plan-                 overdose epidemic, the same ones that
                                             asylum claims, but that flood of hu-                    et. The following day, agents arrested                 perpetuate crime and gun violence.
                                             manity, just the—having to deal with                    an 18th Street gang member, and, over                  These are the same gangs that engage
                                             that many people, opened gateways for                   the weekend, agents arrested four addi-                in deadly fights over control for terri-
                                             truly dangerous criminals and the                       tional gang members. This all hap-                     tory and market share. And the cruel
                                             drugs that are smuggled across the bor-                 pened in one Border Patrol sector in                   reality is, this is happening on a daily
                                             der undetected.                                         less than a week’s time.                               basis in every community in our coun-
                                               I will give you an example of how
                                                                                                       What we need to remember when we                     try, which is contributing to the spike
                                             that happens. Last fall, more than
                                                                                                     look at all this data is that these are                in violent crime and the public’s rea-
                                             15,000 migrants, primarily Haitians
                                                                                                     just the ones we know about. We have                   sonable concerns that they have ex-
                                             who had been living in South America,
                                                                                                     absolutely no idea how many drugs and                  pressed about it, including boneheaded
                                             arrived at the small border town of Del
                                                                                                     criminals have slipped through the                     ideas like defunding the police.
                                             Rio, TX, a town of a population of
                                                                                                     cracks. Now, the Border Patrol has a                     A Drug Enforcement Agency report
                                             35,000 people.
                                               So all of a sudden, 15,000 migrants                   name for this, they call it ‘‘the                      from 2017 acknowledged that drug traf-
                                             show up in a town of 35,000 people. It is               getaways,’’ but the truth is we don’t                  ficking profits ‘‘increase the staying
                                             not by accident. To state the obvious,                  really know how many people have got-                  power of both street gangs and drug
                                             the Del Rio Border Patrol Sector did                    ten away, undetected, to smuggle drugs                 trafficking organizations.’’ The more
                                             not have the capacity to process and                    or dangerous criminals into the United                 money they make, the more drugs that
                                             care for that many migrants at a given                  States.                                                are manufactured and brought into the
                                             time. But that was part of the plan of                    By one estimate, 385,000 getaways                    country and spread throughout our
                                             the drug cartels and the criminal orga-                 came across the border in 2021. And                    communities.
                                             nizations associated with them. But in                  there is a reason they didn’t turn                       No community in America is safe. A
                                             response, the administration moved                      themselves in to the Border Patrol;                    rural, an urban, a suburban commu-
                                             Border Patrol agents from other check-                  they are not seeking asylum. They are                  nity, none of them have been spared
                                             points to the Del Rio sector to try to                  not saying: I have been persecuted in                  the pain and suffering of the drug over-
                                             help. But, of course, that is exactly                   my home country, and, thus, eligible                   dose epidemic, drugs which predomi-
                                             what the cartels hoped for.                             for asylum potentially in the United                   nantly come across our southern bor-
                                               Taking people off the frontlines in                   States.                                                der by these criminal cartels.
                                             other sectors to handle the surge of mi-                  These people, these getaways, are the                  I mentioned it before, but it is worth
                                             grants in Del Rio opened up avenues                     ones that don’t want to be detected by                 noting that last year we hit a grim
                                             for the drug cartels to smuggle their                   law enforcement because they are up to                 milestone in America. For the first
                                             poison into the United States.                          no good.                                               time on record, more than a hundred
                                               Administration officials later told                     I think this chart shows the network                 thousand Americans lost their lives to
                                             Congressional staff that this massive                   of gangs and criminal organizations op-                drug overdoses in a 12-month period.
                                             surge of migrants was, they acknowl-                    erating within the United States.                        Now, I remember what happened
                                             edge, part of a coordinated effort by                     You know, most of the time we all                    when Al Qaeda hit the United States
                                             the cartels. They directed the Haitian                  think, well, the drugs come across the                 and killed 3,000 Americans on 9/11. We
                                             migrants to show up at a single loca-                   border, and we forget what happens                     declared war, and we committed our-
                                             tion in a small town on the border to                   next. But as you can see, cartels—this                 selves to rooting out these terrorists
                                             make sure that other paths into the                     is a DEA, a Drug Enforcement Admin-                    that exported this terrorist plot to hit
                                             United States would be cleared for                      istration, chart—as you can see, the                   our homeland.
                                             their illicit contraband of drugs.                      cartels in transnational criminal orga-                  When 100,000 Americans die of drug
                                               Talk to any Border Patrol agent and                   nizations have a presence in most                      overdoses, what do we do? Well, we
                                             they will tell you that this happens all                major cities across the United States.                 throw up our hands. We say there is
                                             the time. The cartels are very sophisti-                  Many of these are members of dan-                    not much we can do about it. Supply
                                             cated. They know how to game the sys-                   gerous gangs who want to make                          meets demand. And there is some truth
                                             tem. They watch, they wait, they co-                    money, so they sell drugs in their local               to that, but it is not the whole story.
                                             ordinate, and at the right moment,                      community, and they fight for terri-                     As I said, in recent years, the number
                                             they bring their poison into our coun-                  tory, for market share. They commit                    of drug overdose deaths caused by syn-
                                             try.                                                    other property crimes, other crimes of                 thetic opioids, including fentanyl, has
                                               In many cases, they are moving                        violence, carjacking, larceny, armed                   skyrocketed, and so have the seizures




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             drugs—everything from marijuana to                      robbery, in order to fuel their need for               of fentanyl at the border, virtually all
                                             methamphetamine to heroin. But in re-                   money.                                                 made from precursors from Asia, pri-
                                             cent years, Customs and Border Pro-                       So once cartel members and their                     marily China, shipped to Mexico, man-
                                             tection has seen an alarming increase                   gang associates get drugs across the                   ufactured there in an industrial oper-
                                             in synthetic opioids, fentanyl coming                   border, where do they go? Well, they go                ation which can make a fentanyl tablet
                                             across the border.                                      to Chicago. They go to Detroit. They                   look a lot like some other medication



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                                             April 28, 2022                                    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                                       S2209
                                             that you might take. Many people—too                    jobs or violence, but they are having to                 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
                                             many people—have died thinking they                     pay the price now, not just with the                   further debate?
                                             were taking a drug for some condition,                  flood of people coming across the bor-                   If there is no further debate, the
                                             only to find out it was laced with                      der, for which the Federal Government                  question is on agreeing to the com-
                                             fentanyl, resulting in their drug over-                 is completely unprepared, they also                    pound motion.
                                             dose death.                                             have to deal with the opioid abuse and                   Mr. CRAPO. Mr. President, I ask for
                                               The alarming increase in the supply                   the criminal organizations that are                    the yeas and nays.
                                             coming across our border foreshadows                    flooding     our     communities    with                 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a
                                             even worse overdose statistics in the                   fentanyl, heroin, and other dangerous                  sufficient second?
                                             months to come.                                         substances.                                              There appears to be a sufficient sec-
                                               Fentanyl isn’t the only dangerous                       But it is not just the border. Cities                ond.
                                             drug—methamphetamine, cocaine, her-                     all across this country are combating                    The clerk will call the roll.
                                             oin. According to the DEA—the Drug                      violent crime at numbers that we have                    The bill clerk called the roll.
                                             Enforcement       Administration—threat                 not seen for decades. This is directly                   Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the
                                             assessment, 92 percent of the heroin                    tied to the drug business at the border                Senator from Connecticut (Mr. MUR-
                                             that comes to the United States comes                   because the criminal gangs are the                     PHY) and the Senator from Oregon (Mr.
                                             from one place: Mexico. Ninety-two                      ones who distribute those drugs in our                 WYDEN) are necessarily absent.
                                             percent.                                                communities.                                             Mr. THUNE. The following Senators
                                               So when you zoom out and get a                          The status quo is deeply unfair to the               are necessarily absent: the Senator
                                             broader perspective and quit looking                    dedicated men and women of law en-                     from Missouri (Mr. BLUNT), the Senator
                                             through a soda straw at what is hap-                    forcement, including the Border Pa-                    from North Carolina (Mr. BURR), the
                                             pening at the border, you see it is not                 trol, who put their lives on the line to               Senator from South Carolina (Mr.
                                             just an immigration issue. The drugs                    secure our border and protect our com-                 SCOTT), and the Senator from Pennsyl-
                                             pouring across our border make this a                   munities.                                              vania (Mr. TOOMEY).
                                             public health crisis as well.                             Last week, Texas lost a 22-year-old                    The result was announced—yeas 67,
                                               The criminals sneaking across our                     soldier who was doing a job that the                   nays 27, as follows:
                                             border who are distributing these drugs                 Federal Government should have done,                               [Rollcall Vote No. 142 Leg.]
                                             in our communities all across the                       but he was there at the southern border                                     YEAS—67
                                             country are a public security crisis, a                 as part of a State National Guard ef-                  Baldwin            Hassan         Risch
                                             public safety crisis. The unlicensed                    fort called Operation Lone Star.                       Bennet             Heinrich       Romney
                                                                                                       Texas Army National Guardsman                        Blumenthal         Hickenlooper   Rosen
                                             guns that the gangs use to protect                                                                             Booker             Hirono         Rounds
                                                                                                     SPC Bishop Evans was attempting to
                                             their territory makes this a gun vio-                                                                          Brown              Kaine          Sasse
                                                                                                     rescue two migrants who appeared to                    Cantwell           Kelly
                                             lence crisis as well.                                                                                                                            Schatz
                                                                                                     be drowning as they were crossing the                  Capito             King           Schumer
                                               Every single American should be out-                                                                         Cardin             Klobuchar
                                                                                                     river from Mexico. He disappeared into                                                   Shaheen
                                             raged by what is happening at the bor-                                                                         Carper             Leahy
                                                                                                     the treacherous waters of the Rio                                                        Sinema
                                             der, but if you don’t care about 2.2 mil-                                                                      Casey              Luján
                                                                                                                                                                                              Smith
                                                                                                     Grande and, tragically, did not survive.               Cassidy            Manchin
                                             lion people showing up on our front                                                                                                              Stabenow
                                                                                                     Making matters even worse, initial re-                 Collins            Markey
                                             doorstep, if you don’t care about the                                                                          Coons              McConnell      Sullivan
                                                                                                     ports from law enforcement indicate                                                      Tester
                                             100,000 Americans who died of drug                      that the two migrants whom Specialist                  Cornyn             Menendez
                                                                                                                                                            Cortez Masto       Merkley        Tillis
                                             overdoses, do you care about the spikes                 Evans was trying to save are suspected                                                   Van Hollen
                                                                                                                                                            Crapo              Moran
                                             in violence and crime in your neighbor-                 of drug trafficking.                                   Daines             Murkowski      Warner
                                             hood, in your local community? All of                     There are a million and one reasons                  Duckworth          Murray         Warnock
                                             these are inextricably intertwined.                     why President Biden should want to                     Durbin             Ossoff         Warren
                                               I don’t care if you are a liberal Demo-                                                                      Feinstein          Padilla        Whitehouse
                                                                                                     address this border crisis, and it is ab-              Gillibrand         Peters         Wicker
                                             crat or an Independent or a conserv-                    solutely inconceivable to me that his                  Graham             Portman        Young
                                             ative Republican, this failure of the                   administration has done nothing to                     Grassley           Reed
                                             Federal Government to deal with our                     make this better, and I would argue                                         NAYS—27
                                             border crisis is absolutely appalling,                  that through some of the policies pro-                 Barrasso           Hagerty        Lummis
                                             and it hurts us all.                                    mulgated by Director Mayorkas, he has                  Blackburn          Hawley         Marshall
                                               I have heard someone say that every                   actually made it worse. He has made it                 Boozman            Hoeven         Paul
                                             city is a border town these days, and                                                                          Braun              Hyde-Smith     Rubio
                                                                                                     more attractive for more people to                     Cotton             Inhofe         Sanders
                                             this makes that point. This state of                    come and attempt this dangerous jour-                  Cramer             Johnson        Scott (FL)
                                             chaos is dangerous for the migrants                     ney from their home into the United                    Cruz               Kennedy        Shelby
                                             who turn themselves over to human                       States. He has made it easier, given the               Ernst              Lankford       Thune
                                             smugglers who care nothing about                                                                               Fischer            Lee            Tuberville
                                                                                                     business model of the cartels, to get
                                             them, only the money they can gen-                      more of those drugs across the border                                     NOT VOTING—6
                                             erate from smuggling them into the                      and into our communities, contrib-                     Blunt              Murphy         Toomey
                                             United States. I have seen the bleached                 uting to the crimewave that is shock-                  Burr               Scott (SC)     Wyden
                                             bones of migrants left behind, injured                  ing so many people.                                      The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. VAN
                                             or sick, because the coyotes, the smug-                   As we head into the summer months,                   HOLLEN).
                                             glers, care nothing about them but just                 which are traditionally the busiest                      On this vote, the yeas are 67, the
                                             the money they can garner from smug-                    times for border crossings, the Biden                  nays are 27.
                                             gling them into the country, not to                     administration needs to do something.                    The compound motion was agreed to.
                                             mention the girls and women who are                     And let me just say, I am prepared—I                     The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma-
                                             sexually assaulted on the long trip                     know a lot of us are prepared on a bi-                 jority leader.
                                             from their home country into the                        partisan basis to do what we need to do                  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I
                                             United States.                                          to end this crisis. If the Biden adminis-              would note Maryland is in the House.
                                               It is unfair to the border commu-                     tration doesn’t want to lead in the ef-                   UNANIMOUS CONSENT AGREEMENT—H.R. 4521
                                             nities I represent. We have 1,200 miles                 fort, at least they could allow those of                 Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask
                                             of common border, Mexico and Texas.                     us here in the Congress to come up                     unanimous consent that the motions to
                                             My Governor, my State legislature, the                  with ideas, like my bipartisan, bi-                    instruct at the desk, which may be
                                             people I represent are outraged that                    cameral Border Solutions Act, to try                   made with respect to the message to




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             the Federal Government is not living                    to address this crisis that we cannot                  accompany H.R. 4251, be printed in the
                                             up to its responsibilities. It is unfair to             tolerate any longer.                                   RECORD for the information of the Sen-
                                             those communities, most of which are                      I yield the floor.                                   ate.
                                             Hispanic majorities by large majori-                               VOTE ON COMPOUND MOTION                       There being no objection, the mate-
                                             ties, who are sympathetic to the desire                   Mr. CRAPO. Mr. President, I yield                    rial was ordered to be printed in the
                                             of people for a better life, fleeing no                 back all time.                                         RECORD, as follows:



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                                             S2210                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                         April 28, 2022
                                                    MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                     disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the             under the final conference report, such as a
                                               Mr. PAUL moves that the managers on the               Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be              grant or tax credit, from purchasing mate-
                                             part of the Senate at the conference on the             instructed to insist that the final conference         rials, technology, or critical minerals mined,
                                             disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the              report not include the provisions contained            produced, processed, or refined in the Peo-
                                             Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be               in the following sections of the bill (as              ple’s Republic of China or the Russian Fed-
                                             instructed to insist that the final conference          passed by the House of Representatives):               eration.
                                             report include the provisions contained in                (1) Section 30609 (relating to building                      MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                             section 6107 of the Senate amendment (relat-            United States economic growth and techno-                Mr. RUBIO moves that the managers on the
                                             ing to prohibiting funds made available to              logical innovation through the Green Cli-              part of the Senate at the conference on the
                                             any Federal agency from being used for gain-            mate Fund).                                            disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the
                                             of-function research conducted in China).                 (2) Section 30607 (relating to addressing            Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    international climate change mitigation, ad-           instructed to insist that the final conference
                                                                                                     aptation, and security).                               report include a Federal Government-based
                                               Mr. BARRASSO moves that the managers on
                                                                                                       (3) Section 30601(b)(7)(E) (relating to the          counterintelligence review to certify recipi-
                                             the part of the Senate at the conference on
                                                                                                     sense of Congress on implementing the Paris            ents of grants, funding, awards, or other re-
                                             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on
                                                                                                     Agreement).                                            sources provided, and intellectual property
                                             the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521
                                                                                                       (4) Section 30610 (relating to ensuring a            developed, as a result of the conference re-
                                             be instructed to insist that the final con-
                                                                                                     whole-of-government response to climate ac-            port, have national security protections in
                                             ference report include provisions that re-
                                                                                                     tion).                                                 place to prohibit misappropriation and theft
                                             quire immediate development of a 2022–2027
                                             Federal oil and gas leasing program on the                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    of Federal resources.
                                             outer Continental Shelf, which shall be final-            Mrs. BLACKBURN moves that the managers                       MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                             ized not later than June 30, 2022, and which            on the part of the Senate at the conference              Mr. JOHNSON moves that the managers on
                                             shall provide for a minimum of 10 region-               on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses             the part of the Senate at the conference on
                                             wide oil and gas lease sales in the Gulf of             on the Senate amendment to the bill H.R.               the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on
                                             Mexico and Alaska Regions of the outer Con-             4521 be instructed to insist that the final            the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521
                                             tinental Shelf, with a minimum of 2 oil and             conference report include a provision that             be instructed to reject any proposals to pro-
                                             gas lease sales per calendar year, not fewer            requires the Director of the Office of Man-            hibit the possession, acquirement, receipt,
                                             than 1 of which shall be in the Gulf of Mexico          agement and Budget, in consultation with               transportation, sale, or purchase of mink
                                             Region each calendar year.                              the Administrator of General Services, the             raised in captivity in the United States for
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    Director of the National Institute of Stand-           fur production.
                                               Mr. CRUZ moves that the managers on the               ards and Technology, the Director of the Cy-                   MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                             part of the Senate at the conference on the             bersecurity and Infrastructure Security                  Mr. SANDERS moves that the managers on
                                             disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the              Agency, the Director of National Intel-                the part of the Senate at the conference on
                                             Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be               ligence, the Secretary of Defense, the Sec-            the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on
                                             instructed to insist that the final conference          retary of State, the Secretary of the Treas-           the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521
                                             report include section 3258 of the Senate               ury, and the Chairman of the Board of Gov-             be instructed to insist that the final con-
                                             amendment, which requires a report identi-              ernors of the Federal Reserve System, and              ference report include provisions that re-
                                             fying ‘‘major areas of diplomatic, energy, in-          consistent with information security re-               quire each beneficiary of Federal financial
                                             frastructure, banking, financial, economic,             quirements designed to address any national            assistance for semiconductor manufacturing
                                             military, and space cooperation . . . between           security risks, to develop guidance for execu-         to be banned from purchasing the stock of
                                             the People’s Republic of China and the Is-              tive agencies requiring adequate security              the beneficiary, from outsourcing employ-
                                             lamic Republic of Iran’’, regarding the policy          measures for any transfer, storage, or use of          ment opportunities of the beneficiary to any
                                             of the United States to limit such coopera-             digital yuan on information technology.                country outside of the United States, and
                                             tion through terrorism-related sanctions im-                   MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    from repealing any collective bargaining re-
                                             posed on the Central Bank of Iran and the Is-                                                                  quirements of the beneficiary, and that re-
                                                                                                       Mr. COTTON moves that the managers on                quire each such beneficiary to issue warrants
                                             lamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, as such
                                                                                                     the part of the Senate at the conference on            and equity stakes in the enterprise of the
                                             sanctions are necessary to limit such co-
                                             operation.                                              the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on             beneficiary to the Federal Government and
                                                                                                     the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521             to remain neutral in any union organizing
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    be instructed to insist upon rejecting the au-
                                               Mr. MENENDEZ moves that the managers on                                                                      effort of the employees of the beneficiary.
                                                                                                     thorization of appropriations for contribu-
                                             the part of the Senate at the conference on                                                                            MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                                                                                     tions to the Green Climate Fund under sec-
                                             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on              tion 30609(b) of the text of the bill as en-             Mr. SCOTT of Florida moves that the man-
                                             the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521              grossed by the House of Representatives and            agers on the part of the Senate at the con-
                                             be instructed to insist upon the provisions             insisting upon including an authorization of           ference on the disagreeing votes of the two
                                             contained in section 73003 of the Senate                appropriations of $8,000,000,000 within section        Houses on the Senate amendment to the bill
                                             amendment (relating to establishment of an              2118 of division A of the Senate amendment             H.R. 4521 be instructed to insist that the
                                             Inspector General of the Office of the United           (relating to funding for the Defense Ad-               final conference report include provisions
                                             States Trade Representative).                           vanced Research Projects Agency) for De-               that ensure that any taxpayer funds spent in
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    partment of Defense research, development,             the bill, including those provided to univer-
                                               Senator RISCH moves that the managers on              production, and procurement of weapon sys-             sities and private sector corporations, are
                                             the part of the Senate at the conference on             tems needed to compete with China.                     subject to comprehensive return on invest-
                                             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on                                                                     ment analyses and claw back provisions, and
                                             the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521                      MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                   corresponding timely reports on the use of
                                             be instructed to insist that the final con-               Ms. MURKOWSKI moves that the managers                such funds to Congress and the American
                                             ference report include provisions that take             on the part of the Senate at the conference            public.
                                             actionable steps to address the risks of and            on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                             counter malign or undue influence and ac-               on the Senate amendment to the bill H.R.                 Ms. HASSAN moves that the managers on
                                             tivities in the United States and abroad by             4521 be instructed to insist that the final            the part of the Senate at the conference on
                                             the Chinese Communist Party, the Govern-                conference report include the text of each of          the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on
                                             ment of the People’s Republic of China, or              the following:                                         the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521
                                             individuals or entities acting on their behalf.           (1) S. 3245, 117th Congress, as introduced on        be instructed to insist that the final con-
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    November 18, 2021.                                     ference report include provisions that expand
                                               Mr. KELLY moves that the managers on the                (2) S. 140, 117th Congress, as reported to the       the research and development tax credit for
                                             part of the Senate at the conference on the             Senate on December 17, 2021.                           small businesses and preserve full and imme-
                                             disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the                (3) H.R. 1447, 117th Congress, as referred in        diate expensing for research and develop-
                                             Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be               the Senate on May 19, 2021.                            ment investments.
                                             instructed to insist that the final conference                  MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                           MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                             report include incentives to support invest-              Mr. SULLIVAN moves that the managers on                Ms. ERNST moves that the managers on the
                                             ments in semiconductor manufacturing and                the part of the Senate at the conference on            part of the Senate at the conference on the




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             innovation in the United States, including              the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on             disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the
                                             investments in the fabrication, assembly,               the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521             Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be
                                             testing, advanced packaging, and research               be instructed to insist that the final con-            instructed to reject the provision as agreed
                                             and development of semiconductors.                      ference report include provisions that pro-            to by the House of Representatives that
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    hibit a renewable energy project receiving             would reauthorize the Small Business Inno-
                                               Mr. LEE moves that the managers on the                Federal financial assistance, a subsidy, or            vation Research and Small Business Tech-
                                             part of the Senate at the conference on the             any other financing mechanism authorized               nology Transfer programs under section 9 of




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                                             April 28, 2022                                    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                                     S2211
                                             the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638) with-            supply chains and sharing data and best                the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521
                                             out authorization to prevent the Russian                practices;                                             be instructed to insist upon the provisions
                                             Federation and the People’s Republic of                   (3) support investments that strengthen              contained in section 73001 of the Senate
                                             China from acquiring technology critical to             the diversity, security, resilience, and reli-         amendment (relating to establishing a proc-
                                             national security developed through pro-                ability of critical supply chains, which may           ess for exclusion of articles from duties
                                             grams of the Small Business Administration              include working with allies and partners of            under section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974).
                                             and participating Federal agencies.                     the United States to reduce reliance on                        MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                    countries of concern, consistent with inter-
                                                                                                                                                              Mr. SCOTT of South Carolina moves that
                                               Mr. LANKFORD moves that the managers on               national trade agreements to which the
                                                                                                                                                            the managers on the part of the Senate at
                                             the part of the Senate at the conference on             United States is a party;
                                                                                                                                                            the conference on the disagreeing votes of
                                             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on                (4) expand and strengthen United States
                                                                                                                                                            the two Houses on the Senate amendment to
                                             the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521              manufacturing, mining, shipbuilding, trans-
                                                                                                                                                            the bill H.R. 4521 be instructed to insist that
                                             be instructed to insist that the final con-             portation, and logistics capabilities, while
                                                                                                                                                            the final conference report include a require-
                                             ference report include provisions requiring             enhancing     environmental      sustainability,
                                                                                                                                                            ment that any new legislation providing for
                                             that any agreement negotiated by the                    safety, and equity; and
                                                                                                                                                            new mandates on greenhouse gas emissions
                                             United States with the Islamic Republic of                (5) support United States manufacturers,
                                                                                                                                                            should not be enacted unless similar man-
                                             Iran addressing Iran’s development of nu-               including small- and medium-sized enter-
                                                                                                                                                            dates are enacted in the People’s Republic of
                                             clear weapons—                                          prises, to improve their resilience to supply
                                                                                                                                                            China.
                                               (1) also includes provisions addressing the           chains shocks, train their workforce, and
                                                                                                     adopt new technologies to make them more                       MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                             full range of Iran’s destabilizing activities,
                                             including development of the means of deliv-            globally competitive.                                    Mr. LUJÁN moves that the managers on the
                                             ery for such weapons (such as ballistic mis-                    MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                   part of the Senate at the conference on the
                                             siles), support for terrorism, and evasion of                                                                  disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the
                                                                                                       Mr. WARNOCK moves that the managers on
                                             sanctions by individuals, entities, and ves-                                                                   Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be
                                                                                                     the part of the Senate at the conference on
                                             sels in the trade of petroleum products with                                                                   instructed to insist on provisions supporting
                                                                                                     the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on
                                             the People’s Republic of China;                                                                                the work of the Department of Energy, user
                                                                                                     the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521
                                               (2) does not lift sanctions on the Islamic                                                                   facilities of the Department of Energy, and
                                                                                                     be instructed to insist that the final con-
                                             Revolutionary Guard Corps; and                                                                                 National Laboratories, including work in
                                                                                                     ference report include provisions that fully
                                               (3) does not revoke the designation of the                                                                   microelectronics and across the key tech-
                                                                                                     fund programs to build institutional re-
                                             Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps as a for-                                                                    nology focus areas (as defined in section 2002
                                                                                                     search capacity at historically Black col-
                                             eign terrorist organization under section 219                                                                  of the amendment).
                                                                                                     leges or universities that are developing re-
                                             of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8               search institutions.                                                     f
                                             U.S.C. 1189).                                                   MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                                                                                      EXECUTIVE SESSION
                                                                                                       Mr. DAINES moves that the managers on
                                               Mr. SANDERS moves that the managers on                the part of the Senate at the conference on                                  ---
                                             the part of the Senate at the conference on             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on
                                             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on              the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521                    EXECUTIVE CALENDAR
                                             the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521              be instructed to reject provisions that weak-            Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I
                                             be instructed to recede from the provision              en the energy security of the United States,
                                             contained in section 2614(c) of the Senate
                                                                                                                                                            move to proceed to executive session to
                                                                                                     prohibit the development of an all-of-the-             consider Calendar No. 546.
                                             amendment (relating to contract redundancy              above energy portfolio, or direct funds to for-
                                             and funding for the human landing system                eign entities for international climate objec-
                                                                                                                                                              The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
                                             program of the National Aeronautics and                 tives.                                                 question is on agreeing to the motion.
                                             Space Administration, which would likely go
                                                                                                             MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                                                                                                                                              The motion was agreed to.
                                             to Blue Origin).                                                                                                 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                      Mr. CASSIDY (for himself and Ms. WARREN)
                                                                                                     moves that the managers on the part of the
                                                                                                                                                            clerk will report the nomination.
                                               Mr. CASSIDY moves that the managers on                Senate at the conference on the disagreeing              The senior assistant legislative clerk
                                             the part of the Senate at the conference on             votes of the two Houses on the Senate                  read the nomination of Joshua Frost,
                                             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on              amendment to the bill H.R. 4521 be in-                 of New York, to be an Assistant Sec-
                                             the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521              structed to insist that the final conference           retary of the Treasury.
                                             be instructed to insist that the final con-             report include the provisions contained in
                                             ference report include provisions that re-                                                                                       CLOTURE MOTION
                                                                                                     section 90306 of H.R. 4521, as agreed to by the
                                             quire the President to directly address trou-           House (relating to college transparency).
                                                                                                                                                              Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I send
                                             bling developments in Mexico’s energy sec-                                                                     a cloture motion to the desk.
                                             tor that intentionally cause harm to United                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES
                                                                                                                                                              The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clo-
                                             States jobs and economic interests, business              Mrs. CAPITO moves that the managers on
                                                                                                                                                            ture motion having been presented
                                             and investor interests, and climate goals               the part of the Senate at the conference on
                                                                                                     the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on             under rule XXII, the Chair directs the
                                             through the use of consultations under the
                                             USMCA (as defined in section 3 of the United            the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521             clerk to read the motion.
                                             States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implemen-                be instructed to insist that the final con-              The senior assistant legislative clerk
                                             tation Act (19 U.S.C. 4502)).                           ference report include provisions that—                read as follows:
                                                     MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                      (1) emphasize that, under current law, the                          CLOTURE MOTION
                                                                                                     President may not—
                                               Mr. BENNET moves that the managers on                                                                          We, the undersigned Senators, in accord-
                                                                                                       (A) declare, on the basis of climate
                                             the part of the Senate at the conference on                                                                    ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the
                                                                                                     change—
                                             the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on                                                                     Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby
                                                                                                       (i) a national emergency under the Na-
                                             the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 4521                                                                     move to bring to a close debate on the nomi-
                                                                                                     tional Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et
                                             be instructed to insist that the final con-                                                                    nation of Executive Calendar No. 546, Joshua
                                                                                                     seq.);
                                             ference    report    include   provisions   to                                                                 Frost, of New York, to be an Assistant Sec-
                                                                                                       (ii) an emergency or major disaster under
                                             strengthen the resilience, capacity, and secu-                                                                 retary of the Treasury.
                                                                                                     the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and
                                             rity of critical supply chains to reduce costs                                                                     Charles E. Schumer, Brian Schatz, Alex
                                                                                                     Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et
                                             for United States consumers and businesses                                                                          Padilla, Benjamin L. Cardin, Jack
                                                                                                     seq.); or
                                             and to avoid supply chain shocks that in-                                                                           Reed, Robert P. Casey, Jr., Tammy
                                                                                                       (iii) a public health emergency under sec-
                                             crease prices and jeopardize the national and                                                                       Duckworth, Angus S. King, Jr., Patrick
                                                                                                     tion 319 of the Public Health Service Act (42
                                             economic security of the United States, in-                                                                         J. Leahy, Chris Van Hollen, Catherine
                                                                                                     U.S.C. 247d); or
                                             cluding provisions that—                                                                                            Cortez Masto, Gary C. Peters, Eliza-
                                                                                                       (B) invoke, on the basis of climate change,
                                               (1) reinvigorate United States semicon-                                                                           beth Warren, Jacky Rosen, Ben Ray
                                                                                                     the authorities of the Defense Production
                                             ductor manufacturing and promote the re-                                                                            Luján, Cory A. Booker, Christopher A.
                                                                                                     Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.); and
                                             search and development needed to regain and                                                                         Coons.
                                                                                                       (2) provide that nothing in H.R. 4521 grants
                                             maintain the ability to manufacture, test,
                                                                                                     the President the authority to make a dec-                               f




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             assemble, and package advanced semicon-
                                                                                                     laration or invocation described in para-
                                             ductor products in the United States;                                                                                 LEGISLATIVE SESSION
                                                                                                     graph (1).
                                               (2) strengthen supply chains in critical in-
                                             dustries and improve the availability of crit-                  MOTION TO INSTRUCT CONFEREES                     Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I
                                             ical goods important to the national and eco-             Mr. TOOMEY moves that the managers on                move to proceed to legislative session.
                                             nomic security of the United States, includ-            the part of the Senate at the conference on              The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
                                             ing by identification and mapping of those              the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on             question is on agreeing to the motion.



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