Domestic Violence Intervention Treatment Preliminary Report
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Summary
The Domestic Violence Intervention Treatment Preliminary Report, a March 18, 2025 report to the Legislature from the Washington State Department of Commerce's Office of Crime Victims Advocacy under Sec. 126(137(a)) of Chapter 376, Laws of 2024. It describes a work group convened with $200,000 of the general fund to create a roadmap for insurance and Medicaid or Medicare billing for domestic violence intervention treatment and to clarify educational pathways for providers. The report sets out the legislative mandate, next steps on billing codes, credentialing and statutory recommendations, and background from 2018 and 2020 legislative reports. It states that Washington has 65 DVIT-certified providers and that a final report is due by June 30, 2025. A table lists work group members by the representative requirement each fills.
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“Domestic Violence Intervention Treatment Preliminary Report.”
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Domestic Violence
Intervention Treatment
Preliminary Report
Report on Domestic Violence Intervention Treatment Work Group
per Sec. 126(137(a)) of Chapter 376, Laws of 2024
March 18, 2025
Report to the Legislature
OFFICE OF CRIME VICTIMS
ADVOCACY Director Joe Nguyễn
Acknowledgements
Washington State Department of Commerce
Trisha Smith, Managing Director, Office of Crime
Victims Advocacy
Marissa Landeis, Senior Project Manager, Research
and Development Services
Kersten Bergstrom, Senior Project Manager,
Research and Development Services
1011 Plum St. SE
P.O. Box 42525
Olympia, WA 98504-2525
www.commerce.wa.gov
For people with disabilities, this report is available on
request in other formats. To submit a request, please
call 7-1-1 and ask to be connected to 360-725-4000.
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 2
Table of contents
Overview .........................................................................................................................................................4
Legislative mandate ........................................................................................................................................4
Next steps.......................................................................................................................................................5
Background ....................................................................................................................................................6
DVIT Work Group ............................................................................................................................................7
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 3
Overview
Domestic violence and intimate partner violence pose a serious public health issue, requiring an adaptive and
comprehensive response. Domestic Violence Intervention Treatment (DVIT) refers to a program that provides
domestic violence assessments or intervention treatment to perpetrators of intimate partner violence. It is
certified by the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS).1 DVIT is recognized by the
Washington State Legislature as a crucial element of Washington's response to domestic violence.2 The cost
and time associated with DVIT has been of particular interest in making this treatment accessible and
affordable in the hopes of reducing recidivism and rehabilitating a wide range of offenders.
To address requirements in Sec. 126(137(a)) of Chapter 376, Laws of 2024,3 the Washington State Department
of Commerce convened a work group to create a roadmap providing a detailed pathway for insurance and
Medicare/Medicaid billing for DVIT. The work group will also clarify educational pathways to become a state-
certified DVIT provider.
The final report, due in June 2025, will clarify the opportunities and challenges of using commercial insurance
billing and Medicaid/Medicare Waiver 11154 as an avenue for funding DVIT throughout Washington. By
clarifying educational pathways, including credentialing, this work may also expand the number of providers
currently serving Washington.
Legislative mandate
Sec. 126(137(a)) of Chapter 376, Laws of 2024 instructed the Department of Commerce's Office of Crime
Victims Advocacy to address domestic violence:
(a) $200,000 of the general fund—state appropriation for fiscal year 2025 is provided solely for the office to convene
a work group to create a roadmap that provides a detailed pathway describing the steps necessary for insurance
billing for domestic violence intervention treatment in Washington state.
(i) In developing the roadmap, the work group must:
(A) Determine if a medicaid state plan amendment or 1115 waiver would be necessary to allow medicaid
billing for domestic violence intervention treatment;
(B) Determine if existing billing codes would work for medicaid and commercial insurance, or if new
billing codes would be necessary;
(C) Identify any healthcare certification or credentials needed for providers to be able to bill insurance for
domestic violence intervention treatment;
(D) Identify the educational pathways that exist to become a domestic violence intervention treatment
provider; and
(E) Identify any statutory changes or funding necessary to implement the roadmap.
1 WAC 388-60B-0015
2 Domestic Violence Manual for Judges - Chapter 3-The Legislative Response to Domestic Violence (Revised 2022)
; HB 1715 Part III Sec 301 (2)
3 Chapter 376, Laws of 2024 (2023-25 Supplemental Operating Budget)
4 Medicaid Transformation Project
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 4
(ii) The work group members must include representatives of:
(A) Organizations that provide domestic violence intervention treatment;
(B) Individual clinicians that provide domestic violence intervention treatment;
(C) Social workers;
(D) Licensed marriage and family therapists;
(E) Domestic violence survivors;
(F) The domestic violence treatment program administered by the department of social and health
services;
(G) Staff from the department of health with expertise in licensing and credentialing of health
professionals;
(H) Staff from the health care authority who work on insurance billing for medicaid, the public employees
benefits board, and the school employees benefits board;
(I) The office of the insurance commissioner;
(J) Medicaid managed care organizations; and
(K) Commercial insurance carriers.
(iii) The office of crime victims advocacy must provide staff support for the work group.
(iv) The work group must submit a preliminary report including the roadmap to the appropriate committees of
the legislature by December 31, 2024.
Next steps
The work group is examining the following issues and conducting tasks described below.
Insurance and Medicaid or Medicare
Determine if a Medicaid state plan amendment or 1115 waiver would be necessary to allow Medicaid
billing for domestic violence intervention treatment
Determine if existing billing codes would work for Medicaid and commercial insurance, or if new billing
codes are necessary
Health care certifications and educational pathways
Identify any health care certification or credentials needed for providers to be able to bill insurance for
domestic violence intervention treatment
Identify the educational pathways that exist to become a domestic violence intervention treatment provider
Statutory and funding recommendations
Make recommendations of statutory changes to credentialing
Identify new educational pathways and funding required for these pathways
Identify regulatory, statutory, and financial changes needed for commercial insurance and Medicaid or
Medicare
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 5
Background
In June 2018, the Washington State Legislature released the report "Domestic Violence Perpetrator Treatment:
A Proposal for an Integrated System Response (ISR)."5 The cost associated with Domestic Violence
Intervention Treatment (DVIT) was highlighted as prohibitive and non-reimbursable by insurance, potentially
leading perpetrators to seek out treatment options that are not state-certified or currently regulated less
reputable treatment options. A later report released by the Washington State Legislature in October 2020,
"Domestic Violence Intervention Treatment: Removing Obstacles to Implementation"6 identified that the
creation of a reliable funding scheme for court-ordered DVIT was a top concern. The 2020 report noted that the
"insurance option" potentially created a hurdle in funding DVIT because there were no International
Classification of Diseases (ICD) 9 or 10 codes7 for providers to use when billing insurance.
Although standards associated with DVIT have been clearly outlined,1 use of insurance and Medicare/Medicaid
as a sustainable funding source and different educational pathways for providers has not been determined by
previous work. As such, the legislature appropriated $200,000 of the general fund—state appropriation for
fiscal year 2025 solely for the office to convene a work group to examine these possibilities.
What is DVIT?
DVIT is a Washington state-certified program specifically designed to address intimate partner violence
through court ordered therapeutic services. These evidence-based services are aimed at increasing safety to
the community and victim, rehabilitative efforts for the perpetrator, and reduced rates of recidivism.8
Standards of treatment including staff qualifications, treatment modalities, continuing education requirements,
and treatment focus are set and maintained by the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS). DSHS
ensures that certified programs provide perpetrator intervention in accordance with the state laws and rules
that were specifically designed for DVIT. Currently, Washington has 65 DVIT-certified providers working
throughout the state providing in-person and internet-based therapeutic intervention treatment to perpetrators.
DVIT assesses the level of risk, need, and responsiveness prior to treatment. Based on this assessment, along
with the severity of domestic violence charges, perpetrators are assigned to different levels of treatment,8
resulting in a tailored approach. Currently, DVIT programs span six to 12 months, with some rare instances
extending beyond one year of treatment. Although the period associated with treatment may vary, as
determined by DVIT certified practitioners in association with the court and/or probation services, all
participants within DVIT are expected to understand and accept core competencies. These core competencies
include recognizing different types of abuse, identifying belief systems associated with abusive patterns,
understanding the impact of abuse on children, and taking accountability for actions personally, legally, and
financially.8 During and after treatment, DVIT participants are asked to provide feedback on services and
effectiveness of treatment to DSHS.
5 Domestic Violence Perpetrator Treatment: A Proposal for an Integrated System Response (ISR). Report to the Washington State
Legislature 2018
6 Domestic Violence Intervention Treatment: Removing Obstacles to Implementation. Report to the Washington State Legislature 2020
7 ICD Code Lists - Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
8 CBT Guide for Intimate Partner Violence 2020
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 6
DVIT Work Group
Schedule and program
To develop the required recommendations and final report due to the Legislature by June 30, 2025, the work
group (Table 1) met in September and October 2024 and intends to meet six more times. The work group was
developed based on the proviso language and recommendations from the Office of Crime Victims Advocacy
(OCVA) and the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS). In addition to these
recommendations and requirements, inquiries to the Association of Washington Healthcare Plans, and the
Washington State Health Care Authority (HCA) also guided work group membership.
The membership represents professional and/or lived experience with domestic violence, as required by
legislation and includes people needed to ensure that recommendations are comprehensive, such as
individuals familiar with tribal health billing codes and therapeutic court coordinators. Our membership spans
a broad geographical range covering eastern and western Washington.
The work group will develop a broad set of recommendations. The requirements as provided in this legislation
will serve as a foundation and framework for this effort. The work group will use members’ professional
training, credentialing, and lived experiences to shape and prioritize recommendations.
Work group meetings are by invitation only, due to the sensitive nature of domestic violence and domestic
violence intervention treatment, and to ensure a transparent discussion surrounding these issues. These
meetings are intended to discuss and develop recommendations that have proven elusive within the previous
legislative work. The schedule for the work group follows:
September and October 2024: Medicaid and Medicare Waiver 1115
November 2024: Insurance coding options
January 2025: Credentialing and certifications
February 2025: Educational pathways
March - April 2025: Refinement and prioritization
Table 1: Work group members
Name Representative Requirement Title and Organization
Organizations that provide domestic violence
Mark Adams, MA, LMHC intervention treatment/Individual clinicians that Supervising Therapist, ACT&T Central
provide domestic violence intervention treatment
Organizations that provide domestic violence
Rosemary Crawford, MA, Northwest Family Life Learning &
intervention treatment/Individual clinicians that
LMHC Counseling Center
provide domestic violence intervention treatment
Stacy Crutcher
Individual clinicians that provide domestic violence Supervisor/Owner, Counseling and
McFadden, MSW, CC, DV
intervention treatment/Social Worker Wellness PC
Certified Level 1-4
Organizations that provide domestic violence
Dr. Alisha Guthery, PhD, Visiting Professor/Adjunct Professor,
intervention treatment/Individual clinicians that
LMHC, CATP Palo Alto University, Antioch University
provide domestic violence intervention treatment
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 7
Supervisor of a State Certified Domestic
Organizations that provide domestic violence
Dr. Nancy Murphy, Violence Treatment Program, Northwest
intervention treatment/Individual clinicians that
LMHC, Dmin Family Life Learning & Counseling
provide domestic violence intervention treatment
Center
Individual clinicians that provide domestic violence
Valerie Waterland, MS DVIT Supervisor/Trainer, Waterland
intervention treatment/Licensed Marriage and
LMFT ARM Counseling LLC
Family Therapist
Representative of Washington State
Coalition Against Domestic Violence,
Ashley Albert Domestic violence survivor organizations
Founder and Certified Peer Counselor for
Intuned Consulting, LLC
Senior Prevention Strategist, Washington
Ward Urion Domestic violence survivor organizations State Coalition Against Domestic
Violence
Domestic Violence Program
The domestic violence treatment program
Administrator, Washington State
Mette Earlywine administered by the Washington State Department
Department of Social and Health
of Social and Health Services
Services, Community Services Division
Domestic Violence Intervention
The domestic violence treatment program
Treatment Program Supervisor,
Amie Roberts, LMHC administered by the Washington State Department
Washington State Department of Social
of Social and Health Services
and Health Services
Staff from the Washington State Department of Office of Health Professions Executive
Eve E. Austin, RDN, CD Health with expertise in licensing and credentialing Director -Behavioral Health, Washington
of health professionals State Department of Health
Staff from the Washington State Health Care
Uniform Medical Plan, Account Manager
Authority who work on insurance billing for
Chelsey Anderson - Employee and Retiree Benefits Division,
Medicaid, the Public Employees Benefits Board,
Washington State Health Care Authority
and the School Employees Benefits Board
North Sound Regional Tribal Liaison -
Staff from the Washington State Health Care
Tina Anderson, MSW, Island, San Juan, Skagit, Snohomish,
Authority who work on insurance billing for
SUDP, Curyung Tribal Whatcom Counties - Office of Tribal
Medicaid, the Public Employees Benefits Board,
Member Affairs, Washington State Health Care
and the School Employees Benefits Board
Authority
Staff from the Washington State Health Care
Teresa Eltritch, MS, Authority who work on insurance billing for Perinatal Mental Health Manager,
LMHC, PMH-C Medicaid, the Public Employees Benefits Board, Washington State Health Care Authority
and the School Employees Benefits Board
Staff from the Washington State Health Care
Uniform Medical Plan, Senior Account
Authority who work on insurance billing for
Lauren Johnston Manager, Washington State Health Care
Medicaid, the Public Employees Benefits Board,
Authority
and the School Employees Benefits Board
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 8
Health Policy Analyst, Washington State
Delika Steele The Office of the Insurance Commissioner
Office of Insurance Commissioner
Vice President - Business Process
Medicaid managed care organizations/
Donna Arcieri, HIA, MHP Outsourcing Operations, Community
Commercial Insurance Carrier
Health Plan of Washington
Medicaid managed care organizations/ Tribal Liaison, WA Health Plan - United
Ali Desautel
Commercial Insurance Carrier Healthcare Community and State
Erin Gilliland, LMHC, Medicaid managed care organizations/ Behavioral Health Operations Manager,
CCM, SUDP-T Commercial Insurance Carrier Community Health Plan of Washington
Medicaid managed care organizations/ Medicaid Program Manager,
Lindsey Greene, MSW
Commercial Insurance Carrier Coordinated Care of Washington
Medicaid managed care organizations/
Libby Hein Director of Behavioral Health, Molina
Commercial Insurance Carrier
Tribal Liaison - Medicaid/Medicare State
Medicaid managed care organizations/
Robert E. Howard of Washington, Wellpoint Washington
Commercial Insurance Carrier
Inc.
Medicaid managed care organizations/ Medicaid Program Manager,
Camille Walton
Commercial Insurance Carrier Coordinated Care of Washington
Social Determinants of Health Liaison,
Brittany St. Clair, NCMA, Medicaid managed care organizations/
WA Health Plan - United Healthcare
CHW Commercial Insurance Carrier
Community and State
Washington State Department of Commerce's Assistant Managing Director, Office of
Alla Hassan
Office of Crime Victims Advocacy Crime Victim's Advocacy
Violence Against Women Section
Washington State Department of Commerce's
Jodine Honeysett Manager, Office of Crime Victim's
Office of Crime Victims Advocacy
Advocacy
Therapeutic Court Coordinator, Spokane
Sarah Thompson Other
Municipal Court
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INTERVENTION TREATMENT 9
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