Report - 2024 Commercereports Csd 2023 Human Trafficking Training Evaluation Report
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- 2024 Commercereports Csd 2023 Human Trafficking Training Evaluation Report
Summary
A report to the Legislature dated March 2024 from the Washington State Department of Commerce Office of Crime Victims Advocacy on the statewide training program on human trafficking laws for law enforcement, prosecutors and court personnel, which state law at RCW 43.280.095 requires. It is described as the fourth biennial report and covers July 2021 to June 2023, when one-day trainings were held in Bremerton on May 13, 2022 with 19 participants and in Poulsbo on Feb. 13, 2023 with 46. The report states that pre- and post-training self-evaluations showed increased familiarity, with the largest growth in the prosecution of labor trafficking segment, from 1.4 to 3.09. It lists next steps and recommends that the Legislature continue funding, narrow the definition of court personnel and create a separate labor trafficking training program. Appendix A gives score tables by trainee group.
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Human trafficking laws and
investigations
Report on statewide training for law enforcement, prosecutors and
court personnel per RCW 43.280.095
March 2024
OFFICE OF CRIME VICTIMS
ADVOCACY Report to the Legislature
Director Mike Fong
v3.4
Acknowledgments
Washington State Department of Commerce
Cindy Guertin-Anderson, Assistant Director
Community Services Division
Rick Torrance, Managing Director
Office of Crime Victims Advocacy
Stephanie Pratt, Program Manager
Victims of Crime Program
Office of Crime Victims Advocacy
Kate Fernald, Research Project Manager
Research and Development Services
Jordan Laramie, Research Analyst
Research and Development Services
Washington State Department of Commerce
Stephanie Pratt, Program Manager
Office of Crime Victims Advocacy
1011 Plum St. SE
P.O. Box 42525
Olympia, WA 98504-2525
www.commerce.wa.gov
For people with disabilities, this report is available on
request in other formats. To submit a request, please
call 360-725-4000 (TTY 360-586-0772)
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 2
2.0
Table of Contents
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................4
Background ....................................................................................................................................................6
Summary of completed training ......................................................................................................................8
Program next steps .......................................................................................................................................10
Legislative recommendations .......................................................................................................................11
Appendix A: Daylong training data ................................................................................................................12
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 3
Executive Summary
Overview
In 2015, the Washington State Legislature passed SSB 5933, requiring the Department of Commerce Office of
Crime Victims Advocacy (OCVA) to establish a statewide training program on Washington’s human trafficking
laws for criminal justice personnel, including prosecutors, law enforcement and court personnel. The bill,
codified in RCW 43.280.095, requires:
(1) The office of crime victims advocacy shall establish a statewide training program on Washington's human
trafficking laws for criminal justice personnel.
(2) The training shall be provided where possible by an entity that has experience in developing coalitions, training,
programs, and policy on human trafficking in Washington.
(3) The entity will provide or coordinate training for law enforcement personnel, prosecutors, and court personnel
covering Washington's state anti-trafficking laws, the investigation of sex trafficking cases, and the adjudication of
sex trafficking cases. The training shall encourage interdisciplinary coordination among criminal justice personnel,
build cultural competency, and develop understanding of diverse victim populations including children, youth, and
adults.
(4) The office shall provide a biennial report to the appropriate policy committees of the legislature on the statewide
training program, with a focus on the effectiveness of the training.
This is the fourth biennial report to the Legislature on the statewide training program on human trafficking
laws and investigations. This report includes background information on the human trafficking industry and
relevant state laws, activities completed, a description of the methodology used to measure the effectiveness
of the training program, a description of the next steps for the program recommendations, and a conclusion.
The appendix contains data tables and figures.
Training outcomes and findings
One-day training was provided twice in Kitsap County during the reporting period, from July 2021 to June 2023.
The Bremerton training had 19 participants, and the Poulsbo training had 46. Training included members from
law enforcement, prosecutors and other criminal justice personnel. During the previous two-year reporting
period, Commerce provided one daylong training for 18 individuals. This was due to the COVID-19 pandemic's
limitations on in-person gatherings, law enforcement being over capacity due to social justice protests,
increases in violent crime and staffing challenges.
Self-reported knowledge in pre- and post-training participant evaluations indicates that the training effectively
increased awareness of anti-trafficking laws, investigations, adjudication of cases, interdisciplinary
coordination, and diverse populations affected.
Attendees' greatest learning growth occurred in the "prosecution of labor trafficking" portion of the training,
according to pre- and post-training self-evaluation scores. Participants’ self-reported level of understanding
more than doubled from an average score of 1.4 to an average score of 3.09, or a 121% increase in
understanding. Law enforcements' and prosecutors' average understanding of "prosecution of labor
trafficking" more than doubled. Other criminal justice personnel tripled their level of understanding, a 200%
increase, for the "prosecution of labor trafficking" segment of the training.
Most effective training areas for law enforcement personnel:
Prosecution of labor trafficking cases: average scores more than doubled from 1.4 to 3
Adjudication of labor trafficking cases : average scores doubled from 1.5 to 3
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 4
Likelihood of routinely engaging/will be more likely to engage in interdisciplinary coordination: average
scores more than doubled from 1.9 to 3.9
Human trafficking of men: average scores more than doubled from 1.6 to 3.4
Most effective training areas for prosecutors:
Personal involvement with sex trafficking investigations: average scores almost quadrupled from 1 to 3.7
Investigating sex trafficking cases in general: average scores more than tripled from 1.3 to 4
Investigating labor trafficking cases in general: average scores nearly tripled from 1.3 to 3.7
Likelihood of routinely engaging/will be more likely to engage in interdisciplinary coordination: average
scores almost tripled from 1.5 to 4.1
Next steps for the training program
OCVA plans to:
Identify opportunities to provide training at relevant association conferences
Identify priority training components and update training information to reflect new legislation related to
human trafficking laws
Develop a one and a half to two-day training program to meet the training needs of law enforcement and
prosecutors
Identify next steps regarding advanced training for law enforcement and prosecutors
Identify training needs and interests of law enforcement and prosecutors related to training on human
trafficking in tribal communities
Recommendations
Commerce recommends that the Legislature:
Continue funding for statewide training.
Narrow the definition of "court personnel."
Create a separate training program to address labor trafficking.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 5
Background
The human trafficking industry
Human trafficking is a complex issue affecting children, youth and adults in communities throughout
Washington. The crime of human trafficking includes labor and sex trafficking. Traffickers can be male or
female, family members, strangers, trusted adults, employers, or individuals involved in gangs. Traffickers use
a variety of tactics to force, coerce and mislead individuals into situations where they are trafficked. Tactics
include physical and sexual violence, fear, shame, threats, and a false perception of “love.”
Human trafficking occurs in a wide variety of contexts, including in homes, hotels and motels, massage
parlors, and in industries such as agriculture, home care, manufacturing, and food service. Individuals may be
trafficked to commit illegal activities such as carjacking, drug dealing, stealing and other crimes. In addition,
sex trafficking relies heavily on social media.
Individuals impacted by human trafficking
As indicated in the first biennial report,1 traffickers often target individuals who are vulnerable due to poverty,
socio-economic status, race and ethnicity, lack of caregiver and family support, age, cognitive and intellectual
disabilities, being from another country, and other factors. Systemic inequities are a critical factor and include
lack of education and employment opportunities, poverty, racism, lack of housing and more. Gender-based
discrimination and violence put women, girls, and transgender youth and adults at heightened vulnerability to
trafficking. Other factors that increase an individual’s risk are age, prior experiences of physical or sexual
abuse, and alienation from one’s family.2
It is important to note that boys and men are also impacted by sex trafficking. Several studies have found that
comparable numbers exist for boys and girls who disclose sexual exploitation among homeless youth.3 In a
study completed in New York City in 2008, 249 youth under 18 self-reported participating in commercial sexual
exploitation of children markets. Forty-five percent of the sample was male, and 48% was female.4
Challenges in identification of and service delivery to victims of trafficking
Human trafficking can occur in any demographic and across Washington. Identifying the crime of human
trafficking requires understanding the nuances and sub-culture, individuals targeted, and tactics used by
traffickers. It also requires an understanding of the impact of trauma and its effect on trust, behavior, and
meeting one's basic needs and relationships. In addition, understanding systemic inequities, risk factors and
potential indicators is vital. With an increased understanding of these factors, professionals will have the skills,
knowledge, and person-centered approach to effectively engage with victims of human trafficking and
individuals at risk.
Individuals impacted by human trafficking generally do not identify as victims. Moreover, due to the many
complexities of the crime, such as the subculture of sex trafficking, the tactics used by traffickers, the history
of oppression, trauma and violence, and mistrust of systems, victims are often reluctant to disclose
1 Human Trafficking Laws and Investigations, "Statewide Training for Law Enforcement, Prosecutors and Court Personnel," (2017)
2 Washington State Department of Commerce, “Statewide Coordinating Committee on Sex Trafficking: Report on Committee Activities
and Plan to Address Sex Trafficking," (2014)
3 ECPAT USA, “AND BOYS TOO,” (2013)
4 Curtis, Ric, Karen Terry, Meredith Dank, Kirk Dombrowski, and Bilal Khan, “The Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in New York
City, Volume One: The CSEC Population in New York City: Size, Characteristics, and Needs,” 2008
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 6
information, seek services, or report the crime to law enforcement. It is therefore vital that law enforcement,
prosecutors, service providers and other professionals receive training related to the issue of human
trafficking, which can result in more effective strategies to engage with victims/survivors.
Washington laws related to human trafficking
In 2003, Washington became the first state to criminalize human trafficking (RCW 9A.40.100). In 2014, the
Polaris Project published its annual Analysis of State Human Trafficking Laws, listing Washington as one of
three states to receive a perfect score in the 10 categories on which the states were graded.5 The term "human
trafficking" includes labor trafficking, sex trafficking and commercial sexual abuse of a minor, as defined in
RCW 9A.40.100:
Labor Trafficking:
The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person knowing, in reckless disregard of
the fact, that force, fraud, or coercion, as defined in 9A.36.070, will be used to cause the person to engage in
forced labor [or] involuntary servitude.
Sex trafficking:
The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purposes of a commercial
sex act, in which the commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion. If the victim is under 18 years
old, force, fraud or coercion are not necessary elements of the offense, and it does not matter whether the
juvenile consented or appeared to consent to the sexual act.
Commercial sexual abuse of a minor:
Commercial sexual abuse of a minor is defined by RCW 9.68A.100 as providing or agreeing to provide anything
of value to a minor or a third person with the understanding that in return such minor will engage in sexual
conduct with him, her, or them.
Purpose of training
The primary purpose of the statewide training program is to use a person-centered approach to promote the
use of existing laws to initiate sustainable and viable investigations, prosecutions, and adjudications. Trainings
include presentations and small group exercises on case scenarios. To achieve these ends, prosecutors,
members from law enforcement and other criminal justice personnel received training across the following
subject matter areas:
Investigation of sex trafficking cases
Adjudication of sex trafficking cases
Washington state human trafficking laws
Sex trafficking
Labor trafficking
Diverse populations impacted by human trafficking
Service providers/services available
Engagement in interdisciplinary coordination
5 Polaris Project, "State Ratings on Human Trafficking Laws," (2014)
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 7
Summary of completed training
The training team completed two in-person, one-day trainings during the two-year reporting period (July 2021
to June 2023).
A total of 65 attendees participated in the statewide training for law enforcement and prosecutors in the 2022-
2023 biennium. Of those, 57 submitted pre- and post-training evaluations. Some attendees had to leave the
training early due to appointments or unexpected work responsibilities. Because these individuals either left
incomplete surveys or did not complete a survey, their survey responses were not included in the analysis.
Overall, 84% of attendees were law enforcement, 14% were prosecutors, and legal assistants and other
adjacent professions comprised the remaining 2% of attendees.
Table 1: Attendee information
Training Date Location Law Enforcement Prosecutors Other Total Trainees
May 13, 2022 Bremerton 11 7 16 19
Feb. 13, 2023 Poulsbo 43 2 1 46
Training workgroup
A workgroup of professionals from the anti-trafficking and criminal justice fields guides the Human Trafficking
Training Program. The statewide training workgroup met in January 2022 and had several meetings through
2023 to discuss the challenges resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, potential training, updates needed for
the training modules and other areas. The trainers for this project are from King and Pierce Counties. They are
dealing with various high-priority and pandemic-related challenges. Workgroup professionals shared that
referrals, investigations, and staffing challenges have decreased. OCVA contacted the Washington Association
of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs (WASPC) for in-person and virtual training feedback. WASPC shared that while
jurisdictions have and continue to experience staffing challenges, in-person training would interest law
enforcement.
OCVA received requests from the Kitsap County Prosecuting Attorney's Office and the Naval Criminal
Investigative Services (NCIS) to provide training. OCVA assessed COVID-19 protocols to ensure the training
met the requirements of venues.
The Safe Harbor bill, House Bill 1775, was signed into law in 2020. The law intends to better support child
victims of sex trafficking. The workgroup discussed the new law and where to incorporate information into the
daylong training. The workgroup decided that information about Safe Harbor would be included in the legal
landscape component of the training, which is provided by the county prosecuting attorney, U.S. Attorney,
and/or an Assistant Attorney General.
Trainers and participants have shared the need for more time for questions, discussion, case scenarios, and
for trainers to provide information. The workgroup is planning to expand the one-day training to one-and-a-half
days to two days.
6 Note: One attendee from the training held in Bremerton did not complete the pre- or post-training evaluation.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 8
There has been an increase in training requests, especially in Central and Eastern Washington. With increased
requests and limited capacity of current trainers, the workgroup identified additional trainers to assist with
training. Due to the geographical, population, demographic and other differences and nuances of human
trafficking across the state, the workgroup identified criminal justice professionals from Central and Eastern
Washington to participate in training development and planning. The workgroup is considering larger training
venues for more law enforcement and prosecutors to attend.
Key findings for one-day training
Trainee analysis
Respondents demonstrated sound knowledge and increased familiarity in each training area. Examining
training effectiveness by trainee type offers nuanced insight into the most- and least-effective training areas.
Participants rated their familiarity with each training topic on pre- and post-training evaluations. Familiarity was
rated from one to five, with one representing "not at all aware of" the category and five representing "extremely
aware of" the topic. The difference between pre- and post-training scores conveys training effectiveness. A
summary of these findings is below.
Tables in Appendix A illustrate the change in scores between the pre- and post-test assessment for each
training area and the training's effectiveness for each survey question.
Law enforcement
The most effective areas of the training for law enforcement personnel:
Prosecution of labor trafficking cases
(Average scores more than doubled from 1.4 to 3, increasing understanding by 111%)
Adjudication of labor trafficking cases
(Average scores doubled from 1.5 to 3, increasing understanding by 101%)
Likelihood of routinely engaging/will be more likely to engage in interdisciplinary coordination
(Average scores more than doubled from 1.9 to 3.9, increasing understanding by 108%)
Human trafficking of men
(Average scores more than doubled from 1.6 to 3.4, increasing understanding by 106%)
The area with the least effective training for law enforcement personnel:
Personal involvement with sex trafficking investigations (familiarity increased by 28%)
Prosecutors
The most effective areas of the training for prosecutors:
Personal involvement with sex trafficking investigations
(Average scores almost quadrupled from 1 to 3.7, increasing understanding by 267%)
Investigating sex trafficking cases in general
(Average scores more than tripled from 1.3 to 4, increasing understanding by 220%)
Investigating labor trafficking cases in general
(Average scores nearly tripled from 1.3 to 3.7, increasing understanding by 193%)
Likelihood of routinely engaging/will be more likely to engage in interdisciplinary coordination
(Average scores almost tripled from 1.5 to 4.1, increasing understanding by 174%)
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 9
The area with the least effective training for prosecutors:
The applicability of federal human trafficking laws prior to this training (familiarity increased by 11%)
Program next steps
Identify opportunities to provide training at relevant association conferences: Opportunities may include
training judges and court clerks. As discussed in further detail below, the current description of court
personnel covers a broad array of staff involved in the criminal justice system.
Prioritize training components, update training information to reflect new legislation related to human
trafficking laws and assess training modules: Adapt training to best meet the needs of law enforcement
and prosecutors and include an update on new legislation related to human trafficking laws.
Develop a one-and-a-half to two-day training program to meet the training needs of law enforcement and
prosecutors: A more extended training will allow time for more discussion, questions, case scenarios,
and time to provide context and discuss new laws.
Identify next steps regarding advanced training for law enforcement and prosecutors: The advanced
training would be available for law enforcement and prosecutors who have received basic training on
human trafficking laws and investigations. The training workgroup would identify the next steps and the
feasibility of implementing advanced training.
Identify training needs and interests of law enforcement and prosecutors related to human trafficking in
Indian Country: Human trafficking occurs in tribal communities. However, there are limited training
opportunities for law enforcement and prosecutors related to this issue. There are also complexities
related to law enforcement jurisdiction, tribal code, state and federal laws, government and tribal
jurisdiction regarding where the crime occurred, involved parties and more.
Commerce recommends that the Legislature:
Continue funding for statewide training.
Narrow the definition of court personnel.
Create a separate training program to address labor trafficking.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 10
Legislative recommendations
Continue funding for statewide training
While multiple activities are occurring statewide to respond to human trafficking, few training opportunities are
available for law enforcement, prosecutors and court personnel. The availability of this free training program is
vital to ensure law enforcement, prosecutors, and court personnel have victim-centered information about the
complexities of human trafficking, including relevant laws, the investigation and adjudication of sex trafficking
cases, the diverse populations impacted by this crime, and the support and assistance available to victims.
Continued funding is important to continue offering these trainings.
Narrow the definition of court personnel
The workgroup recommends defining court personnel specifically as judges and court clerks in RCW
43.280.095. The current description of court personnel covers many staff involved in the criminal justice
system. Narrowing the definition to specify judges and court clerks would help identify, develop, and
implement training specific to the duties and responsibilities of these positions.
Create a separate training program to address labor trafficking
Finding training and resources related to labor trafficking is challenging. There are few training opportunities
available for professionals on this topic. Labor trafficking is occurring in Washington and is impacting youth,
adults and families.
The workgroup recommends that RCW 43.280.095 be amended to create a separate statewide training
program on labor trafficking. A separate labor trafficking training program would require additional funding.
Training would include human trafficking laws, investigations, adjudication and impacted individuals. Training
on labor trafficking for law enforcement and prosecutors would likely increase the identification and
prosecution of labor trafficking cases.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 11
Appendix A: Daylong training data
Trainees rated their level of familiarity with each training topic before and after the training. Rating options
ranged from one to five, one representing "not at all aware of" and five representing "extremely aware of" the
topic.
Tables one through five on the following pages illustrate trainee type, the average score for each training
segment, changes in scores between the pre-and post-training assessments, and training effectiveness for
each training topic.
Table 1: Trainees' Scores
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
The applicability of
Washington State 2.4 4.1 1.7 69%
human trafficking laws
The applicability of
federal human
2.2 3.6 1.4 63%
trafficking laws prior to
this training
Investigating sex
trafficking cases in 2.4 3.8 1.4 56%
general
Investigating labor
trafficking cases in 1.6 3.3 1.7 108%
general
Personal involvement
with sex trafficking 2.2 3.0 0.8 37%
investigations
Prosecution of sex
2.1 3.6 1.5 71%
trafficking cases
Prosecution of labor
1.4 3.1 1.7 121%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of sex
2.0 3.6 1.6 81%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of labor
1.5 3.1 1.6 106%
trafficking cases
Role of community-
based
agencies/organizations 2.4 3.7 1.4 57%
in addressing human
trafficking in my area
Services available for
victims from community
2.5 3.6 1.1 42%
based organizations in
my area
Likelihood of routinely
engaging/will be more 2.1 4.0 1.9 91%
likely to engage in
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 12
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
interdisciplinary
coordination.
Human trafficking of
2.0 3.6 1.6 83%
LGBTQ individuals
Human trafficking of
1.9 3.6 1.6 85%
boys
Human trafficking of
1.7 3.5 1.7 101%
men
Human trafficking of
2.2 3.6 1.4 64%
people of color
Human trafficking of
2.4 3.7 1.4 57%
girls
Human trafficking of
2.4 3.7 1.3 52%
women
How to work with
2.6 3.8 1.1 42%
victims
Table 2: Law Enforcements' Scores
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
The applicability of
Washington State 2.3 4.0 1.7 76%
human trafficking laws
The applicability of
federal human
2.3 3.5 1.3 55%
trafficking laws prior to
this training
Investigating sex
trafficking cases in 2.4 3.7 1.3 54%
general
Investigating labor
trafficking cases in 1.6 3.2 1.6 100%
general
Personal involvement
with sex trafficking 2.2 2.8 0.6 28%
investigations
Prosecution of sex
1.9 3.5 1.6 82%
trafficking cases
Prosecution of labor
1.4 3.0 1.6 111%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of sex
1.8 3.4 1.7 94%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of labor
1.5 3.0 1.5 101%
trafficking cases
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 13
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
Role of community-
based
agencies/organizations 2.1 3.6 1.5 70%
in addressing human
trafficking in my area
Services available for
victims from
2.3 3.5 1.1 48%
community-based
organizations in my area
Likelihood of routinely
engaging/will be more
likely to engage in 1.9 3.9 2.0 108%
interdisciplinary
coordination.
Human trafficking of
1.9 3.5 1.6 85%
LGBTQ individuals
Human trafficking of
1.9 3.5 1.6 88%
boys
Human trafficking of
1.6 3.4 1.7 106%
men
Human trafficking of
2.1 3.5 1.4 69%
people of color
Human trafficking of
2.2 3.6 1.4 64%
girls
Human trafficking of
2.3 3.6 1.3 56%
women
How to work with
2.5 3.6 1.1 45%
victims
Table 3: Prosecutors' Scores
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
The applicability of
Washington State 3.3 4.3 1.1 33%
human trafficking laws
The applicability of
federal human
3.5 3.9 0.4 11%
trafficking laws prior to
this training
Investigating sex
trafficking cases in 1.3 4.0 2.8 220%
general
Investigating labor
trafficking cases in 1.3 3.7 2.4 193%
general
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 14
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
Personal involvement
with sex trafficking 1.0 3.7 2.7 267%
investigations
Prosecution of sex
2.3 4.3 2.1 93%
trafficking cases
Prosecution of labor
1.8 3.8 2.0 116%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of sex
2.3 4.3 2.1 93%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of labor
1.8 3.8 2.0 116%
trafficking cases
Role of community-
based
agencies/organizations 2.5 4.1 1.6 64%
in addressing human
trafficking in my area
Services available for
victims from
3.3 4.0 0.8 23%
community-based
organizations in my area
Likelihood of routinely
engaging/will be more
likely to engage in 1.5 4.1 2.6 174%
interdisciplinary
coordination.
Human trafficking of
1.8 3.9 2.1 122%
LGBTQ individuals
Human trafficking of
1.8 4.0 2.3 129%
boys
Human trafficking of
2.0 3.8 1.8 89%
men
Human trafficking of
2.0 4.0 2.0 100%
people of color
Human trafficking of
2.8 4.2 1.5 54%
girls
Human trafficking of
2.8 4.1 1.4 49%
women
How to work with
3.3 4.2 1.0 30%
victims
Table 4: Other criminal justice personnel's scores
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
The applicability of
Washington State 2.0 5.0 3.0 150%
human trafficking laws
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 15
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
The applicability of
federal human
2.0 4.0 2.0 100%
trafficking laws prior to
this training
Investigating sex
trafficking cases in 3.0 5.0 2.0 67%
general
Investigating labor
trafficking cases in 2.0 3.0 1.0 50%
general
Personal involvement
with sex trafficking 3.0 4.0 1.0 33%
investigations
Prosecution of sex
5.0 5.0 0.0 0%
trafficking cases
Prosecution of labor
1.0 3.0 2.0 200%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of sex
2.0 4.0 2.0 100%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of labor
2.0 3.0 1.0 50%
trafficking cases
Role of community-
based
agencies/organizations 3.0 5.0 2.0 67%
in addressing human
trafficking in my area
Services available for
victims from
4.0 4.0 0.0 0%
community-based
organizations in my area
Likelihood of routinely
engaging/will be more
likely to engage in 4.0 5.0 1.0 25%
interdisciplinary
coordination.
Human trafficking of
1.0 5.0 4.0 400%
LGBTQ individuals
Human trafficking of
2.0 4.0 2.0 100%
boys
Human trafficking of
2.0 5.0 3.0 150%
men
Human trafficking of
3.0 5.0 2.0 67%
people of color
Human trafficking of
5.0 5.0 0.0 0%
girls
Human trafficking of
5.0 5.0 0.0 0%
women
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 16
Training increased my
Pre-average Post-average Change Percent
familiarity with:
How to work with
5.0 5.0 0.0 0%
victims
Table 5: Average change in scores
Training increased my Law Law
All groups All groups Prosecutor Prosecutor Other Other
familiarity with: enforcement enforcement
Change % Change Change % Change Change % Change Change % Change
The applicability of
Washington State 1.7 69% 1.7 76% 1.1 33% 3.0 150%
human trafficking laws
The applicability of
federal human
1.4 63% 1.3 55% 0.4 11% 2.0 100%
trafficking laws prior to
this training
Investigating sex
trafficking cases in 1.4 56% 1.3 54% 2.8 220% 2.0 67%
general
Investigating labor
trafficking cases in 1.7 108% 1.6 100% 2.4 193% 1.0 50%
general
Personal involvement
with sex trafficking 0.8 37% 0.6 28% 2.7 267% 1.0 33%
investigations
Prosecution of sex
1.5 71% 1.6 82% 2.1 93% 0.0 0%
trafficking cases
Prosecution of labor
1.7 121% 1.6 111% 2.0 116% 2.0 200%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of sex
1.6 81% 1.7 94% 2.1 93% 2.0 100%
trafficking cases
Adjudication of labor
1.6 106% 1.5 101% 2.0 116% 1.0 50%
trafficking cases
Role of community-
based
agencies/organizations 1.4 57% 1.5 70% 1.6 64% 2.0 67%
in addressing human
trafficking in my area
Services available for
victims from
community-based 1.1 42% 1.1 48% 0.8 23% 0.0 0%
organizations in my
area
Likelihood of routinely
engaging/will be more
likely to engage in 1.9 91% 2.0 108% 2.6 174% 1.0 25%
interdisciplinary
coordination.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 17
Training increased my Law Law
All groups All groups Prosecutor Prosecutor Other Other
familiarity with: enforcement enforcement
Human trafficking of
1.6 83% 1.6 85% 2.1 122% 4.0 400%
LGBTQ individuals
Human trafficking of
1.6 85% 1.6 88% 2.3 129% 2.0 100%
boys
Human trafficking of
1.7 101% 1.7 106% 1.8 89% 3.0 150%
men
Human trafficking of
1.4 64% 1.4 69% 2.0 100% 2.0 67%
people of color
Human trafficking of
1.4 57% 1.4 64% 1.5 54% 0.0 0%
girls
Human trafficking of
1.3 52% 1.3 56% 1.4 49% 0.0 0%
women
How to work with
1.1 42% 1.1 45% 1.0 30% 0.0 0%
victims
HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAWS AND INVESTIGATIONS 18
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- 2024_commercereports-csd-2023-human-trafficking-training-evaluation-report-.pdf
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- Original
- app.leg.wa.gov