Presentation - Emergency Management Roles and Responsibilities, Washington Military Department (Feb 1, 2022)
Summary
Presentation on Emergency Management Roles and Responsibilities, a briefing to the House Community and Economic Development Committee dated Feb 1, 2022, with Robert Ezelle, Director of the Emergency Management Division, and MG Bret Daugherty, The Adjutant General, Washington Military Department, named on the opening slide. The slides state the Emergency Management Division mission, show NIMS/ICS across all levels of government and list Washington's recent disaster experience by year of federal declarations. One slide reads "Since 1956 – 186 Federal Declarations" with 59 Major Disasters, 8 Emergency Declarations and 119 Federal Fire Suppression/Management Declarations. Other slides cover State Active Duty, Title 32 and Title 10 duty status.
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“Presentation - Emergency Management Roles and Responsibilities, Washington Military Department (Feb 1, 2022).”
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Washington Military Department
Emergency Management Roles and Responsibilities
Briefing to the House Community and Economic Development Committee
Feb 1, 2022
Robert Ezelle
Director, Emergency Management Division
Washington Military Department
MG Bret Daugherty
The Adjutant General
Director, Washington Military Department
Emergency Management Division Mission
EMD leads and coordinates mitigation, preparedness, response and
recovery in Washington State to minimize the impact of disasters and
emergencies on the people, property, environment and economy.
2
NIMS/ICS Across All Levels of Government
Joint Field Office
Off-scene Coordination
with Unified Coordination Group
Mutual Aid:
EMAC, PNEMA
Requests and Information
State Emergency Operations Center
and elected officials
Resources Mutual Aid:
WAMAS
City/County Emergency Operations Center
and elected Officials
On-scene Command Delegation of Authority
Mutual Aid:
Incident Command Post with LE, Fire, EMS
Incident Command/Unified Command/
Type III, II, or I Incident Management Team
3
Washington’s Recent Disaster Experience
2022 Federal Declarations 2017 Federal Declarations 2013 Federal Declarations
1 Major Disaster (Nov 2021 Flooding 1 Major Disaster (Severe Winter Storms, 3 Fire Management Assistance Grants
and Mudslides) Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides)
2012 Federal Declarations
0 Fire Management Assistance Grants 3 Fire Management Assistance Grants
2 Major Disasters (January winter storm,
2021 Federal Declarations 2016 Federal Declarations July high winds and flooding)
2 Major Disasters (Sept 2020 Wildfires, 4 Fire Management Assistance Grants 8 Fire Management Assistance Grants
Dec 20-Jan 21 Winter Storms) 2015 Federal Declarations
8 Fire Management Assistance Grants 4 Major Disasters (Historic Fires;
2020 Federal Declarations Windstorm; Nov Severe Storm; Dec
2 Major Disasters (Jan Severe Storms, Severe Storm)
12 Fire Management Assistance Grants FMAG Totals: 65
Pandemic)
10 Fire Management Assistance Grants 2014 Federal Declarations Major Disaster Declarations:
2019 Federal Declarations 2 Major Disasters (SR530 Fire 3
1 Major Disaster (Severe Winter Storms, Landslide/Central Washington Windstorm 2
Flooding, Landslides, and Tornado) Firestorm) Winter Storms 8
2018 Federal Declarations 8 Fire Management Assistance Grants Landslide 1
9 Fire Management Assistance Grants Pandemic 1
Total 15
Washington’s Disasters Over Time
Since 1956 – 186 Federal Declarations
• 59 Major Disasters
• 8 Emergency Declarations
• 119 Federal Fire Suppression/Management
Declarations
Washington ranks as the fourth most disaster-prone state in the U.S.A
5 5
Disaster Growth
FMAG Declarations by Decade Total Declarations by Decade
50 45
70
40 34
30
30 61
20 60
10 7
0 1 2
0 50
44
41
40
Disaster Declarations by Decade 30
14 13
12 11
10
10 9 20 18
8 6 6
6 4
4 9
10 7
2 6
0
0
1956-1965 1966-1975 1976-1985 1986-1995 1996-2005 2006-2015 2016-2025
6
State Role in Disaster
• The State EOC coordinates the resources and activities of state
government, voluntary organizations, and the private sector in
support of local and tribal jurisdictions responding to incidents
and disasters
• When federal help is required EMD drafts the request for
assistance and partners with FEMA to manage the assistance
provided to the state
• EMD facilitates establishment of a structure/process to manage
long term recovery
7
Emergency Support Functions
ESF-2 ESF-3 ESF-4 ESF-5
Communication Public Works Firefighting Emergency
ESF-1 Systems DES DNR/WSP Management ESF-6
Transportation WMD WMD Mass Care, Sheltering
WSDOT WMD
ESF-20 ESF-7
DSCA Logistics
WMD SEOC DES
ESF-15
External Affairs
WMD/EMD ESF-8
Public Health
WMD DOH
ESF-14 ESF-9
Recovery SAR
WMD ESF-13 ESF-12 ESF-11 ESF-10 WMD
Law Enforcement Energy Agriculture HAZMAT
WSP Commerce WSDA ECY 8
State Recovery Assistance
• Governor’s emergency assistance fund
– $5 million FY21-23 Biennium
• DSHS
– Disaster Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (D-SNAP)
– Disaster Cash Assistance Program (DCAP)
– Mobile Community Service Office
• Dept of Commerce Programs
– Covered separately
9
Presidential Major Disaster Declaration
• Any natural catastrophe, or regardless of cause, any fire, flood,
or explosion, in which the President determines has caused
damage of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant federal
disaster assistance to alleviate the damage, loss, hardship, or
suffering.
• Federal assistance is supplementary to the efforts and available
resources of States, local governments, and relief
organizations.
10
Disaster Recovery Process
Declaration Joint Field Office
Request for
Assistance
Individual & Households Program
Public Assistance
Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
On-going Response 11
Federal Assistance – Public Assistance (PA)
• Eligibility – State, Local, Tribal, Territorial governments and certain non-
profit entities
• Activities:
– Debris removal
– Emergency protective measures
– Restoration of publicly-owned facilities and specific facilities of certain PNPs
– Hazard mitigation
• 75 percent federal cost share, 25 percent local cost share (of which the
state customarily pays half)
• WA State threshold - $12.6 Million
12
Federal Assistance – Individual Assistance (IA)
• Programs are authorized based on the need of the disaster.
• Through IA programs, FEMA provides assistance to individuals and
households, as well as SLTT governments to support individual survivors.
– Mass Care/Emergency Services
– Individuals and Households Program (IHP)
– Disaster Case Management
– Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program
– Disaster Legal Services
– Disaster Unemployment Assistance
– Voluntary Agency Coordination
13
Federal Assistance – Individual Assistance (IA)
• Individuals and Households Program (IHP) - financial assistance and direct
services to eligible individuals and households who have uninsured or
underinsured necessary expenses and serious needs as a result of a
Presidentially-declared disaster
– Housing Assistance (HA) – Lodging, home repair, home replacement, etc.
– Other Needs Assistance (ONA) – Miscellaneous items, critical needs, etc.
• Not designed to make people whole again, or to rebuild ruined homes. It is
designed only to keep disaster victims safe, sanitary and secure.
• FEMA is the last resort and relies on insurance programs first, and they cannot
duplicate funds.
• Maximum award is $33,000, average is $8,000
14
Small Business Administration (SBA) Loans
• Physical Disaster Loans
• Economic Injury Disaster Loans
• Disaster declarations which make SBA loans possible
– Major Disaster Declaration for Individual Assistance
– Major Disaster Declaration for Public Assistance
– SBA physical disaster declaration
– SBA economic injury disaster declaration in response to a determination of a
natural disaster by the Secretary of Agriculture
– SBA makes an economic injury declaration in reliance of state certification of
economic injury to small businesses in a disaster area
15
Gaps
• Lack of a state individual assistance program
– FEMA Individual Assistance is seldom awarded
– Limited assistance for disaster victims if IA is not awarded
– Program in statute but unfunded with no rule-making authority
• Lack of a state public assistance program
– No state program to assist local and tribal jurisdictions rebuild public
infrastructure if a disaster does not arise to the level of a major disaster
declaration
• Infrastructure resilience
• Preparedness
16
Legislature’s Role in Disaster
• Authorizing and appropriating
– Emergency management programs
– Response and recovery activities
• Preparedness and mitigation advocacy
• Communications conduit between emergency management and
the community during disasters
17
ORGANIZATIONAL OVERVIEW
The Washington Military Department’s mission is to minimize the impact of emergencies and
disasters on people, property, environment and the economy of Washington state by providing
trained and ready forces for state and federal missions. The department also provides
structured alternative education opportunities for at-risk youth.
WASHINGTON MILITARY DEPARTMENT – SAVING LIVES AND PROPERTY IN WASHINGTON STATE
WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD
• Nearly 8,000 citizen-soldiers and airmen
• The Washington Army National Guard = five Major Subordinate Commands
• The Washington Air National Guard = two Wings and the Western Air Defense Sector
• Soldiers and airmen serve both the President and the Governor.
WASHINGTON MILITARY DEPARTMENT – SAVING LIVES AND PROPERTY IN WASHINGTON STATE
A UNIQUE MILITARY FORCE - STATE AND FEDERAL MISSIONS
State Federal
Governor President
Sec. of Defense
Sec. of Army Sec. of Air Force
The Adjutant Chief, National
General CHANNEL OF COMMUNICATIONS Guard Bureau
WASHINGTON MILITARY DEPARTMENT – SAVING LIVES AND PROPERTY IN WASHINGTON STATE
A UNIQUE MILITARY FORCE - STATE AND FEDERAL MISSIONS
State Active Duty (SAD) Title 32 State Duty Title 10 Federal Duty
State Status Federal Status Federal Status
Serve the state under the Consequence management
Direction of the Governor & other large national responses President (Fed) controls &
State pays Fed government pays
Fed government pays and state controls
Example: State emergency & disaster Examples: COVID-19 response, Example: Iraq & Afghanistan
response (floods, fires) Hurricane Katrina & Airport manning conflicts
RCW 38.08.040 after 9/11
WASHINGTON MILITARY DEPARTMENT – SAVING LIVES AND PROPERTY IN WASHINGTON STATE
Personnel and equipment available
from:
• 5 Army National Guard Major
Subordinate Commands
• 2 Air National Guard Wings
• Homeland Response Force
• 10th Civil Support Team
Local jurisdictions/tribes/
organizations request a resource –
reviewed by SEOC.
Work under the direction of the
organization that requested
assistance.
A fulltime force on State Active
Duty would eliminate time
constraints.
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