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08 Provider Relief Fund Congressional Record Coronavirus

Summary

Pages of the Congressional Record — Senate dated May 20, 2020, opening on S2544. A senator closes remarks on the national debt, stating it is over $77,000 per American, and objects to a request; the Presiding Officer notes the objection. Mr. Portman, recognized as the Senator from Ohio, then speaks under the heading Coronavirus, stating that the first four relief packages total about $2.8 trillion and that only about half has been disbursed. He says about $160 billion of PPP capacity has not gone out, that less than half of the $175 billion for hospitals under the Provider Relief Fund has been sent, and that less than $40 billion of roughly $450 billion for Federal Reserve lending facilities is operational. He criticizes the House's $3 trillion bill, including $136 billion to repeal the cap on the State and local tax deduction.

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                                             S2544                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                        May 20, 2020
                                             needed, one, for coronavirus relief, and,                 This crisis is unlike anything we                   have worked a lot in, and he is talking
                                             unfortunately, many States have not                     have ever seen. I mean, it has dev-                   about the increase he has seen in do-
                                             been shy about their desire for hun-                    astated so many families. It has turned               mestic violence and human trafficking
                                             dreds of billions of dollars in taxpayer                our lives upside down. It has put an                  and the calls that have increased, the
                                             bailouts for their liberal agendas.                     enormous strain on our healthcare sys-                number of suicides.
                                               I am not going to let this happen. I                  tem; and our frontline healthcare                       This is all troubling. This kind of a
                                             think about this in the context of my                   workers, our researchers, our first re-               crisis, therefore, requires swift and de-
                                             seven grandchildren. We cannot saddle                   sponders are working around the clock                 cisive action to ensure that we have
                                             them and children like them all across                  to help patients and look for treat-                  got the resources and the help to be
                                             our great country with mountains of                     ments. For the past couple of months,                 able to respond to both the healthcare
                                             debt. Right now, the debt stands at                     every American has been asked to do                   crisis, which we have to address on the
                                             over $77,000 per American.                              his or her part through social                        coronavirus front, but also on the eco-
                                               Now, think about that for a second.                   distancing, through doing smart things                nomic and the broader societal issues
                                             The median income for Americans is                      like wearing masks, like being sure                   we talked about here and how it im-
                                             about $33,000, and we already have put                  that we are doing all we can within our               pacts us and the rest of our lives. It is
                                             them on the hook for $77,000—$9,000                     home, within our workplace, and out in                a tough balance.
                                             just with what we have done this year.                  public to stop the spread of the dan-                   I think, for the most part, Congress
                                               Now, to put that in perspective, after                gerous virus.                                         and the Trump administration have
                                             the first 200 years of this country’s ex-                 I think these have helped. I think                  done that. They have responded swiftly
                                             istence, national debt per person was                   these measures have made a difference,                and correctly with major new legisla-
                                             around $3—$3, after 200 years—and now,                  and I think we are in a better place by               tion. We came together here in Con-
                                             we are at $77,000.                                      most metrics on the public health dan-                gress, on a bipartisan basis, to pass leg-
                                               I think about that in the context of a                ger. I just saw the numbers from Ohio                 islation already that has addressed the
                                             Social Security recipient like my                       a moment ago here, and we have fewer                  healthcare crisis the virus has caused.
                                             mom. How are we helping people like                     new positive cases today than we have                 We have also passed legislation that
                                             my mom when we run multiple tril-                       had over the past week or the past few                has helped the economic crisis caused
                                             lion-dollar deficits and grow our na-                   weeks on average, and so we are begin-                by government at all levels effectively
                                             tional debt to an excess of $26 trillion?               ning to make progress, but it has come                pumping the brakes on the economy.
                                             What happens to those living on fixed                   at an enormous cost to our economy,                     The legislation that has been en-
                                             incomes when our deficits and national                  and I would say even at an enormous                   acted, of course, isn’t perfect. It is
                                             debt cause high inflation?                              cost to our culture and our society.                  thousands of pages, and it is now four
                                               I grew up in a poor family in public                    Since the crisis began a couple of                  different bills that have been passed al-
                                             housing. My mom worked three jobs                       months ago, more than 36 million                      ready. I think it was necessary for us
                                             and my parents—my adopted dad and                       Americans have lost their jobs or filed               to act quickly, in a unified manner,
                                             my mom—were constantly struggling                       for unemployment. Some estimates                      and on a bipartisan basis to get stuff
                                             for work. Even though my mom had no                     show that we could potentially hit a 25-              done around here. By the way, that bi-
                                             money, she told me: You are the                         percent unemployment rate before this                 partisanship has been a welcome
                                             luckiest kid alive because you grew up                  is over. I think we probably will. By                 change because that is not typical for
                                             in this country. She was optimistic,                    the way, that would match the worst of                this place.
                                             and she was hopeful. She told us that                   our country’s unemployment that we                      So far, on each of the 4 pieces of leg-
                                             we were blessed because God and our                     have ever seen, and that would be dur-                islation we passed to respond to the
                                             Founders created the greatest country                   ing the Great Depression. That is                     challenges of this pandemic, an aver-
                                             ever, where anything was possible.                      where we are headed.                                  age of 500 of the 535 Members of both
                                               To take away the same opportunities                     Some small businesses have had to                   the House and Senate have voted in
                                             I had to live the American Dream from                   close their doors; others are teetering               favor of passage. That is how bipar-
                                             our children and grandchildren would                    right on the brink of bankruptcy. Hos-                tisan it has been. Five hundred of the
                                             not only be a political failure, it would               pitals have been closed for needed pro-               535, on average, have voted yes on
                                             be an abdication of our moral responsi-                 cedures like mammograms and cancer                    these 4 pieces of legislation.
                                             bility.                                                 screenings. More are being missed                       These are not small bills. Combined,
                                               It is time we make the hard choices                   every day, and basic healthcare is at                 the funds provided by these first four
                                             to put our Nation on a path to recov-                   risk. So that is one consequence that                 rescue packages total about $2.8 tril-
                                             ery—recovery from this virus, from the                  we don’t always focus on, but our                     lion. That is $2.8 trillion—$2,800 billion.
                                             economic devastation it brought with                    healthcare system has had to respond                  Phase 3 of the CARES Act alone—the
                                             it, and the fiscal calamity that decades                to the coronavirus appropriately.                     most recent one we passed—is about
                                             of politicians have ignored.                              But there is a balance here, and the                $2.2 trillion in resources. That is an un-
                                               I hope my colleagues will join me in                  result has been we have had other                     precedented amount of spending. It has
                                             this fight to keep our country’s future                 healthcare needs that have gone                       never been done before. It has certainly
                                             bright. To do that, we have to make                     unmet.                                                never been done in such a short period
                                             hard choices; we have to be fiscally re-                  Without that revenue, by the way,                   of time.
                                             sponsible.                                              from surgeries—so-called elective sur-                  Now Congress is talking about a fifth
                                               Mr. President, I therefore respect-                   geries, although some aren’t very elec-               rescue package. The fifth rescue pack-
                                             fully object.                                           tive, like they are necessary surgeries               age that is being talked about—it has
                                               The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec-                         for a back or a knee or something like                already passed the House of Represent-
                                             tion is heard.                                          that—many hospitals now are in very                   atives. It is being talked about even
                                               The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen-                       deep financial trouble because that is                though—and this might surprise you—
                                             ator from Ohio.                                         how they make most of their money.                    only about half of the $2.8 trillion in
                                                              f                                        Colleges and universities, of course,               the first four packages has actually
                                                                                                     are losing revenue, and children are                  been disbursed. Think about that. Only
                                                         CORONAVIRUS                                 out of school, which is not a good thing              about half of the money in the first
                                               Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I am                      because our kids, many of whom are                    four legislative projects that we have
                                             here on the floor to talk about how                     not able to get the same help at home                 undertaken here has actually gone out
                                             Congress can do a better job in re-                     that they can get at school are falling               the door to the intended recipients. Yet




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             sponding to the coronavirus pandemic                    behind.                                               we are talking about another package.
                                             that has gripped our country.                             We have also got to acknowledge the                   For example, the Paycheck Protec-
                                               I just thought that debate was great,                 impacts of isolation on people’s mental               tion Program to help small businesses
                                             something we just heard a moment ago                    health, on substance abuse. I talked to               stay afloat still has about 25 percent of
                                             about what we should do going for-                      an individual earlier today who focuses               its original capacity that hasn’t gone
                                             ward.                                                   a lot on human trafficking, an area I                 out, about $160 billion. Well below half



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                                             May 20, 2020                                      CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                              S2545
                                             of the funding—the $175 billion that                    first four bills. I believe it was nec-               part that went to the State hasn’t even
                                             Congress provided to hospitals has yet                  essary to act and act quickly, but I                  gone down to the local communities,
                                             to be sent out under the Provider Re-                   also believe there are real limits as to              and that is happening all over the
                                             lief Fund. Less than half of the                        how much financial risk we should                     country.
                                             healthcare dollars have even gone out                   take beyond the, again, $2.8 trillion we                We need more information to be able
                                             the door.                                               have already spent in the first four                  to know how much of this new spend-
                                               Of the roughly $450 billion that the                  bills. We have to be sure, at a min-                  ing is necessary. But again, even with
                                             CARES Act gave to Treasury to unlock                    imum, that every new dollar is spent as               all the new spending, this new $3 tril-
                                             the Federal Reserve lending facilities,                 wisely as possible, so it is as targeted              lion House bill does very little to do
                                             less than $40 billion of that has been                  as possible.                                          something else really important in the
                                             operational. That is right—less than 10                   Even overlooking the massive $3 tril-               next bill, which is help get the econ-
                                             percent of the money designated to                      lion price tag, by the way, the House                 omy moving. Again, it raises taxes on
                                             provide direct lending to businesses of                 bill also focuses on some things that                 businesses. It does some other things
                                             all sizes so they can stay in business                  just seem unrelated to this crisis. For               that have nothing to do with the
                                             and hire people has been sent out.                      example, the House spends $136 billion                coronavirus. What it doesn’t do is it
                                               So even though about half the money                   on repealing the cap on the State and                 doesn’t provide the stimulus you would
                                             from the CARES Act hasn’t even been                     local tax deduction. There is a deduc-                hope would be in the next bill we are
                                             spent—and we still don’t have a good                    tion, but it is capped right now.                     going to pass because that is what ev-
                                             handle, of course, on how the money                       By the way, this $136 billion policy                erybody is looking for right now. How
                                             that has been sent out is being spent—                  they have in their bill would deliver                 do you do something here in Wash-
                                             Democrats in the House have gone                        half of its benefits—50 percent of its                ington to make it easier to create jobs,
                                             ahead and passed a new rescue pack-                     tax benefits to the top 1 percent of tax-             make it easier to invest, make it easier
                                             age.                                                    payers. Tell me how that is related to                for small businesses to get back on
                                               In many respects, it is a wish list of                the coronavirus. To put that in some                  their feet?
                                             Democratic priorities that has been                     context, we can use that same amount                    Much of what we did in the first four
                                             talked about here on the floor. Some                    of money—the $136 billion—to provide                  bills was really a rescue package, and
                                             are related to the coronavirus, and                     almost 2 million more PPP loans to                    it was necessary. People had lost their
                                             some are not. It passed by a near-party                 small businesses that need it most:                   jobs for no reason that they could do
                                             line vote. I think one Republican voted                 movie theaters, bowling alleys, res-                  anything about. It wasn’t their fault—
                                             yes and more than a dozen Demo-                                                                               36 million Americans. We had to do
                                                                                                     taurants, bars.
                                             crats—more moderate Democrats—                            There are also provisions that would                something to shore that up—the direct
                                             voted no. Again, this is a $3 trillion                  force States to adopt broad changes in                payments, unemployment insurance,
                                             package—$3,000 billion. That is more                    their election laws regardless of wheth-              and other things. We had to help small
                                             than the total spending of all four of                  er they want to. Election law has al-                 businesses with the PPP program to
                                             the previous coronavirus bills. So all                                                                        ensure they weren’t going to close
                                                                                                     ways been in the province of the
                                             four of the previous combined are less
                                                                                                     States, but that is in this legislation.              their doors, some forever.
                                             than the spending that the House is                       They also want to raise taxes on em-                  Those were more rescue packages to
                                             recommending for the fifth coronavirus                  ployers. Bad time to raise taxes. We                  get us through the storm, to weather
                                             bill.                                                   want employers to stay in business be-                the storm. Now we have to figure out
                                               It is actually also a lot more money
                                                                                                     cause they are the ones who create the                how we do something to actually get
                                             than Congress would normally appro-
                                                                                                     jobs.                                                 this economy moving. That ought to be
                                             priate in an entire fiscal year. It is
                                                                                                       They also want to help cannabis                     the goal because there is a limit to how
                                             about half of what we just appropriated
                                                                                                     growers, which I think is interesting.                much Federal tax dollars can be relied
                                             from the fiscal year we are in, in one
                                                                                                     Cannabis is mentioned dozens of times                 on to subsidize the economy. The bet-
                                             bill—in one bill. I am sorry; it is twice
                                                                                                     in the legislation.                                   ter way is to get the economy moving,
                                             as much as Congress appropriated for
                                                                                                       They also want $50 million, as an ex-               get revenues flowing again, and reopen,
                                             the current 12-month period we are in.
                                                                                                     ample,     for   environmental     justice            therefore, our hospitals and schools.
                                             So the appropriations for this fiscal
                                                                                                     grants. What does that have to do with                Hospitals can get more revenue if they
                                             year, 2020, are less than half of what
                                                                                                     the coronavirus?                                      can reopen and do more procedures,
                                             the House is now proposing to spend in
                                                                                                       Once more of the existing funds are                 and they can keep from either shutting
                                             one bill.
                                               I think, you know, we have to be very                 delivered—in other words, as I said ear-              their doors or relying on the Federal
                                             cautious, and we have to be sure it is                  lier, of the first four bills, only about             taxpayer for more and more subsidies.
                                             the right amount of money going out                     half of it has even gone to the intended              Getting back to work is critical, and
                                             because it is a huge and unprecedented                  recipients. Once more of these existing               we have to do it in a safe way, and we
                                             spending package. Our annual deficit                    funds are delivered and we know more                  can.
                                             here in the Congress is already pro-                    about what is working, what is not                      We have to use social distancing
                                             jected to be over $1 trillion. We were                  working, and where the needs are, I                   smart practices. We have to be sure we
                                             already running a large deficit.                        suspect more funds will be needed.                    have the testing. I agree with all that.
                                               By the way, it has only been at that                  They will probably be needed for the                  But any new legislation that Congress
                                             level four times in the history of our                  healthcare side of this—for testing, as               considers has to include measures that
                                             country. So the $1 trillion was already                 an example—and that is probably                       are going to help get people back into
                                             viewed by many of us, including me, to                  money well spent.                                     the workforce safely and get this econ-
                                             be an unacceptably high number for                        There probably needs to be more                     omy moving again. I think that should
                                             our annual deficit. Now the estimate is                 flexibility, as the Senator from Lou-                 include some tax incentives for invest-
                                             that this year’s annual deficit will be                 isiana just talked about. I believe there             ment and jobs. I think it should in-
                                             between $3.7 trillion and $4.2 trillion—                does need to be more flexibility. I also              clude some targeted infrastructure in-
                                             mind-boggling. We have just never had                   believe we need to find out, once the                 vestments to create good jobs and also
                                             deficits like these before. Of course,                  money goes to the local communities,                  economic benefits that come from the
                                             that adds to the $23 trillion national                  what their budgets look like. Do they                 right kind of infrastructure.
                                             debt, which is already at record levels.                need more money to be able to con-                      I think one place to start is Federal
                                               We are entering dangerous, unchart-                   tinue to provide police protection, fire-             highway projects. We need to pass that
                                             ered waters here from a fiscal point of                 fighters’ salaries, and EMS services?                 bill around here. Also, there are a




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             view. Most economists agree that this                   We don’t know that yet. How can we                    bunch of State highway projects that
                                             increases the chance of a fiscal and                    know it when the money hasn’t even                    would normally be funded by the State
                                             therefore a financial crisis that would                 gone down yet? In Ohio, not one penny                 gas tax. Because we aren’t driving
                                             follow.                                                 is gone except for the amount that                    nearly as much, the State gas tax has
                                               Of course, we have to respond to this                 went directly to the largest five coun-               plummeted. In the State of Ohio, for
                                             immediate crisis. Again, I voted for the                ties and the one large city. But the                  instance, there are a lot of great



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                                             S2546                                             CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                       May 20, 2020
                                             projects out there that have gone                       are reopening all around the country,                 stay on unemployment insurance. Yes,
                                             through all the process. They have                      and, small business people are telling                it pays more for many Americans, but
                                             been vetted, and they have gone                         me: I would like to get started again,                they would rather be at work. The dig-
                                             through a merit-based process. They                     but I can’t get the employees.                        nity and self-respect for work is real. It
                                             are ready to go. In other words, they                      Some say: Well, you can go to that                 gives meaning to your life.
                                             are shovel-ready. Yet the State is not                  unemployment insurance office and say                   I think we need to take a hard look
                                             going to have enough money to pay for                   ‘‘I have a job,’’ and then, under the                 at this flat $600 increase in the unem-
                                             them.                                                   State’s rules, they have to tell these                ployment benefits and ask ourselves
                                               So rather than sending the money to                   people ‘‘You are no longer under UI,                  whether it is really in the best interest
                                             the States, how about sending some                      and you have to go back to work.’’                    of those workers, of our businesses. Is
                                             money directly to these infrastructure                  That is true, but, one, the unemploy-                 it really the best system to have it in
                                             projects? Good jobs. Economic benefits.                 ment insurance systems are over-                      place when we are trying to get people
                                             The analysis is, in the right kind of in-               whelmed. They tell me that really is                  to get back to work? Again, this addi-
                                             frastructure investments, you spend a                   not something they have the capability                tional $600 benefit on top of the $360 av-
                                             dollar and you get back more than a                     of doing right now. They are over-                    erage the States have means that un-
                                             dollar in terms of revenue from the                     whelmed. They have never seen these                   less you are making more than
                                             economic benefit. That is the sort of                   kinds of numbers ever.                                $50,000—or in some States, $60,000 a
                                             thing I think should be in this next                       Secondly, a lot of employers don’t                 year—it is more advantageous to be on
                                             package to help get the economy back                    want to do that, and I get it. Their em-              unemployment insurance than to go
                                             on its feet.                                            ployees are making a lot more money,                  back to work.
                                               Right now, I am told by small busi-                                                                           A recent study by the American Ac-
                                                                                                     in some cases, on unemployment insur-
                                             nesses that one of the biggest barriers                                                                       tion Forum and the University of Chi-
                                                                                                     ance than they can in their place of
                                             to getting the economy going is the un-                                                                       cago says that between 60 and 70 per-
                                                                                                     business, and they are just hesitant to
                                             employment insurance provisions that                                                                          cent of individuals on unemployment
                                                                                                     tell them to come back and make less
                                                                                                                                                           are making more than they did in their
                                             were passed as part of the CARES Act                    money. I do think there is a role for us
                                                                                                                                                           prior job—60 to 70 percent. Further, for
                                             back in March. This is what I am hear-                  to help make that happen and do it in
                                                                                                                                                           about 20 percent of wage earners, they
                                             ing from small business owners all                      a smart way.
                                                                                                                                                           say, on average, they are making dou-
                                             around Ohio—that the additional un-                        Things are different in other respects
                                                                                                                                                           ble on unemployment insurance what
                                             employment insurance benefits in the                    too. Not only is the economy starting
                                                                                                                                                           they made in the workforce. So they
                                             CARES Act, which allow individuals at                   to reopen around the country, but it is
                                                                                                                                                           say that for the bottom 20 percent of
                                             or below the average income to receive                  being done in a much safer manner.
                                                                                                                                                           wage earners, on average, they are
                                             more in unemployment than they                          Why? Because we have a lot more test-
                                                                                                                                                           making double on unemployment in-
                                             could get at work, is a disincentive to                 ing, and that is good.
                                                                                                                                                           surance.
                                             work.                                                      We need to do a lot more, by the way.                Again, people needed the help. They
                                               Of course, again, we needed to act to                 Ohio has gone from about 3,700 tests                  needed direct payments, and they need-
                                             make sure people who lost their jobs                    per day a few weeks ago to over 10,000                ed the UI help. A lot of people lost
                                             through no fault of they own could get                  tests a day now. Soon it will be over                 their jobs and had no income coming in
                                             by while government at every level ef-                  20,000 tests a day in a couple of weeks,              just to put food on the table, pay the
                                             fectively pumped the brakes on the                      they say. That is good.                               rent, and pay their car payment. Some
                                             economy to better withstand the                            We also have more PPE, personal                    people used this UI, even though it was
                                             health crisis. In other words, people                   protective gear, and that is important                more than they were making before, to
                                             lost their jobs because the government                  because if you reopen—say you run a                   help with healthcare. That is impor-
                                             said: You can’t go to work.                             factory. You want people to have the                  tant. But isn’t the best thing to do is
                                               At the same time, it was not the best                 protective gear they need to keep them                to get people back to work?
                                             solution to provide a flat $600 increase                safe.                                                   We need to continue to help people
                                             in benefits to everybody, which is on                      Also, we finally have some anti-viral              during this time who have lost their
                                             top of the State unemployment insur-                    medications coming online, thank                      jobs, no question. Not every business is
                                             ance benefits, and that is what we did.                 goodness. Remdesivir is the first one                 ready to reopen, by the way, and the
                                             That was the proposal here that was                     approved by the FDA. It is now in Ohio,               employees who had to be let go by
                                             passed. That continues, by the way,                     my own State, and other States. Peo-                  some businesses certainly shouldn’t be
                                             until July 31.                                          ple are using it. That is great. That                 punished for that.
                                               Wage replacement for people making                    gives people more comfort in being                      At the same time, we have to ask
                                             at or below the average income level                    able to go back to work more safely.                  ourselves whether there is a way we
                                             would have been a good and generous                        It is time to start to transition from             can combine that need with the need to
                                             approach—in other words, saying: If                     thinking about helping people get by                  actually get people back to work as we
                                             you make up to whatever the wage av-                    and helping to encourage them to stay                 reopen. I think there is. Specifically, I
                                             erage is in your State—$52,000 a year,                  home through unemployment to think-                   would propose that instead of keeping
                                             $48,000 a year, or $58,000 a year—you get               ing about how we can get people back                  in place the additional $600 of the Fed-
                                             full wage replacement. But that is not                  into the workforce safely so we can get               eral benefit for people on unemploy-
                                             what this is. The $600 on top of the                    this economy, our small businesses,                   ment between now and July 31, let’s
                                             State benefit, which is, on average, $360               our hospitals, our colleges and univer-               shift some of those Federal dollars to a
                                             probably, puts you up near $1,000 a                     sities, back on track.                                back-to-work bonus—a program where
                                             week. That is more than wage replace-                      We should also want to help people                 you let people take some of that $600
                                             ment for people who make less than                      get back to work because that is good                 with them to work. I propose $450 a
                                             the average wage.                                       for everybody. It is where most people                week. Others have different numbers,
                                               Regardless of how you feel about the                  get their healthcare—from work, from                  probably. They think that is too much,
                                             $600-per-week Federal increase, we are                  their employer. We want to get them                   or they think it is too little. I chose
                                             in a very different situation now than                  back to that. It is where most people                 $450 per week because that represents
                                             we were 2 months ago when we passed                     get their retirement, their 401(k). Not               the amount that would be needed to
                                             it. Back then, remember, we were en-                    everybody offers it, but if you have                  make a person making the average
                                             couraging people to stay home and not                   one, you are probably getting it from                 minimum wage better off in the work-
                                             to go to work because that was the                      work.                                                 force than on unemployment. When




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             time period when we were shutting                          It is good to get people back to work              you take the minimum wages around
                                             things down and we were giving stay-                    and connected with their benefits. It is              the country, on average, you take $450
                                             at-home orders. So it made much more                    also good to get people returning to a                a week with you to work. That means
                                             sense to have an unemployment insur-                    safe workplace because that is what                   that you would be making a little bit
                                             ance system that actually would en-                     most people want to do. They want to                  more in the workforce than you would
                                             courage people to stay home. Now we                     go back to work. They don’t want to                   be on unemployment.



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                                             May 20, 2020                                      CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE                                                                S2547
                                               What is more, this return-to-work                     footing it had here only a few months                 an invisible enemy that can’t be seen
                                             bonus would put additional cash in the                  ago.                                                  or heard; yet just as we did in World
                                             hands of individuals who lost their jobs                  Back in February, we had the 19th                   War II—just as Michigan has always
                                             due to the health crisis, which would                   straight month of wage increases of                   done—we are standing up, and we are
                                             provide additional stimulus to the                      over 3 percent, most of which was                     fighting back, together.
                                             economy, which is experiencing his-                     going to lower income and middle-in-                    Our plants once produced bombers
                                             toric declines in consumer spending.                    come workers. We had unemployment                     and tanks; today, they are producing
                                             This incentive for people to get back                   tied with the 50-year low. Unemploy-                  ventilators and respirators, gowns and
                                             into the workforce to get our economy                   ment was low then. It is incredibly                   testing supplies. People are stepping up
                                             running again is exactly the kind of                    high now.                                             to serve across our State: tending the
                                             policy we should all want. Instead, I                     To get back to that, we have to put                 sick in our hospitals and clinics, deliv-
                                             will tell you that as for the $3 trillion               some more policies in place, and I be-                ering food to neighbors in need, even
                                             House bill we talked about earlier, all                 lieve the back-to-work bonus is exactly               sewing masks to keep one another safe.
                                             it does is to propose extending the $600                that. It will not solve everything, but                 Seventy-five years after World War
                                             per month from the end of its expira-                   it will help people get back into jobs,               II, a lot of things have changed, but
                                             tion at the end of July into the begin-                 and it will send a clear message that                 one thing hasn’t: The people of Michi-
                                             ning of next year.                                      Congress is looking forward and pro-                  gan are still willing to step up and
                                               We talked earlier about how the next                  viding a positive path forward for                    serve whenever and wherever we are
                                             package—whatever it is—ought to en-                     workers, for small businesses, and for                needed, and we are needed today.
                                             courage the economy to get moving                       taxpayers.                                              On Memorial Day and every day, let
                                             again, right? The House bill doesn’t do                   Thank you.                                          us remember all servicemembers we
                                             that in a lot of respects we talked                       I yield the floor.                                  have lost, thank those who are still
                                             about. But, specifically, on unemploy-                                    f                                   with us, and surround our military
                                             ment insurance, what it says is, let’s                                                                        families with love and support. Our
                                                                                                             VOTE EXPLANATION                              military members and veterans have
                                             continue this policy of making it hard-
                                             er for people to get back to work. It                     Mr. PETERS. Mr. President, I was                    provided us the very best examples to
                                             will ensure that that 60 or 70 percent of               unable to attend the vote No. 93 on                   follow. Let’s honor their service and
                                             the workforce that the study showed                     May 18, 2020, on the nomination of                    sacrifice with our actions.
                                             are making more on unemployment in-                     Scott H. Rash to be the United States                                    f
                                             surance would be better off staying on                  District Court for the District of Ari-
                                                                                                     zona. Had I been able to attend, I would                    TRIBUTE TO MYRON LEPP
                                             the unemployment rolls.
                                               By the way, it is also another $300                   have supported the nomination.                          Mr. CRAMER. Mr. President, I want
                                             billion of taxpayer spending in this $3                                   f                                   to honor the half century of distin-
                                             trillion bill. I don’t think it is going to                                                                   guished Federal service of a remark-
                                                                                                                 MEMORIAL DAY                              able North Dakota man who is retiring
                                             move our country forward. It is going
                                             to make it even harder to get back on                      Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I                     at the end of May.
                                             track.                                                  rise today to pay special tribute to the                Myron Lepp has been the administra-
                                               By the way, our back-to-work bonus                    Michigan heroes who have given their                  tive program director for the North Da-
                                             also benefits taxpayers. So instead of                  lives for their country while serving in              kota office of USDA Rural Develop-
                                             $300 billion in additional funding that                 our military. This is an especially fit-              ment for the past 13 years. He took this
                                             is going to go into the House bill for                  ting time to do so as we commemorate                  position after 37 years in the military,
                                             unemployment insurance, if we assume                    the 75th anniversary this year of the                 retiring as a full colonel. In these 50
                                             that States would have trouble enforc-                  end of World War II.                                  years of service, Myron has brought
                                             ing their UI laws, which we talked                         The people of Michigan have always                 knowledge, intelligence and dedication
                                             about earlier, and that individuals                     stood up whenever our Nation has                      to everything he has undertaken.
                                             would choose unemployment over re-                      needed us. That was certainly the case                  He began his military service in 1971
                                             turning to work, even if 25 percent of                  during World War II. Perhaps no State                 and became a commissioned officer in
                                             those who were on unemployment in-                      was as crucial to our Nation’s victory                1976. Myron served in the North Dakota
                                             surance today chose to take advantage                   in the fight against tyranny as was                   National Guard as director of informa-
                                             of this $450 bonus—and I think a lot                    Michigan.                                             tion management for 12 years and later
                                             will; I think a lot more than that will,                   More than half a million Michigan                  held other positions such as chief of
                                             but let’s be conservative, and let’s say                men and women proudly served in uni-                  staff for the adjutant general, State di-
                                             that just 25 percent take advantage of                  form in the Pacific Theater, the Atlan-               rector of maintenance, and joint forces
                                             it—that will result in tens of billions of              tic Theater, and anywhere and every-                  logistics director. In his final 2 years in
                                             dollars of savings to the taxpayer.                     where we were called. Back home, the                  the military, he was the national com-
                                               Think about it. For the State, they                   people of our State were hard at work                 mand logistics inspector for the Na-
                                             will not have the unemployment insur-                   producing the bombers, tanks, trucks,                 tional Guard Readiness Center in
                                             ance benefit that they are providing                    helmets, and guns needed to win the                   Washington, DC, traveling every other
                                             because the person will be at work.                     war. We were the Arsenal of Democ-                    week to conduct combat readiness in-
                                             That is good. And for the Federal Gov-                  racy, and both at home and abroad,                    spections at all State Army National
                                             ernment, the $600 is reduced to $450. So                victory depended on us, the people of                 Guard units
                                             that enables savings to the taxpayer. It                Michigan.                                               Myron brought this invaluable back-
                                             enables people to get back to work. It                     We won that fight; yet the costs were              ground to the USDA Rural Develop-
                                             allows our small businesses to be able                  staggeringly high. Sadly, more than                   ment office, giving exemplary guidance
                                             to reopen.                                              10,000 Michiganders never made it                     to the crucial work this agency does to
                                               It is a solution that I think Repub-                  home. These were our beloved children                 support our rural communities in
                                             licans and Democrats alike can get be-                  and parents, siblings and cousins,                    North Dakota. His lifelong background
                                             hind. Let’s continue to help the people                 friends and neighbors. We were so in-                 in farming and ranching enhanced this
                                             who can’t return to the workplace                       credibly proud of their willingness to                work. Myron has raised crops such as
                                             through no fault of their own, but let’s                give everything—even their lives—to                   wheat, oats, and corn, and he has a
                                             also remember that the American peo-                    defend freedom; yet that pride could                  cow/calf operation near his hometown
                                             ple right now are looking to us here in                 never fully fill the aching loss our fam-             of Lehr.




dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE
                                             Congress to come together on a bipar-                   ilies and communities endured. Those                    I came to appreciate Myron’s dedica-
                                             tisan basis to put in place policies that               losses are still felt 75 years later.                 tion and professional expertise when
                                             will actually help move us forward in                      Now, once again, Michigan is mourn-                we worked together on North Dakota’s
                                             this crisis, get back to normalcy, get                  ing. Far too many of our beloved chil-                Roughrider Honor Flight program. As
                                             back to work safely, and get our econ-                  dren and parents, siblings and cousins,               president of this program, Myron
                                             omy back on the historically strong                     friends and neighbors have been lost to               oversaw the work of many dedicated



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