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REPLY to Motion filed by Federal Reserve Bank of… — Oto Analytics, LLC v. Benworth Capital Partners PR LLC (Dkt. 209)

Filed February 18, 2025 in Oto Benworth; one of 69 filings from this case.

Record facts

CourtU.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico
Filed2025-02-18

U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico · No. 3:23-cv-01034-GMM · Doc. 209 · 2025-02-18 · Docket on CourtListener

Full text

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 
FOR THE DISTRICT OF PUERTO RICO 
 
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF SAN 
FRANCISCO,  
Plaintiff 
 
v. 
 
OTO ANALYTICS, LLC; BENWORTH 
CAPITAL 
PARTNERS 
PR, 
LLC; 
BENWORTH CAPITAL PARTNERS, 
LLC; BERNARDO NAVARRO and 
CLAUDIA NAVARRO, 
Defendants. 
 
Civil No. 23-01034 (GMM) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPLY TO JOINT OPPOSITION TO CONSOLIDATED PLAINTIFF FEDERAL 
RESERVE BANK OF SAN FRANCISCO’S MOTION TO COMPEL  
BENWORTH’S QUICKBOOKS ACCOUNTING DATA
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 1 of 8

 
 
 
 
 
 
COMES NOW Plaintiff Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (the “Reserve Bank”), by 
and through its undersigned counsel, and respectfully files, with prior leave of the Court, this reply 
(“Reply”) to Defendants’ Joint Opposition to Consolidated Plaintiff Federal Reserve Bank of San 
Francisco’s Motion to Compel Benworth’s Quickbooks Accounting Data (ECF No. 206, the 
“Opposition”), in further support of the Reserve Bank’s Motion to Compel Benworth’s QuickBooks 
Accounting Data (ECF No. 200, the “Motion to Compel”).1  Pursuant to Local Civil Rule 7(c), the 
Reserve Bank submits this Reply solely to respond to two arguments raised in the Opposition:  
(1) Defendants’ claim that the Reserve Bank’s request for access to the QuickBooks database 
violates the parties’ ESI Stipulation; and (2) Defendants’ claim that providing search queries to 
run through the QuickBooks database is no different from establishing search terms for the 
production of responsive documents.  We address each in turn. 
ARGUMENT 
A. The ESI Stipulation Does Not Mandate Defendants’ Proposed Approach to 
Production of the QuickBooks Data. 
 
 
First, Defendants’ arguments that the Reserve Bank “has refused to comply with the ESI 
Stipulation” by requesting access to Defendants’ QuickBooks database are facially meritless.  See 
Opp’n at 2.  The ESI Stipulation merely requires the parties to discuss and consider whether the 
requested information may be provided by querying the QuickBooks database and generating a 
report, which the Reserve Bank has done in good faith.  See Mot. to Compel at 4-6. 
 
Despite this clear language, Defendants continue to double-down on their erroneous 
assertion that the ESI Stipulation requires the parties to adopt Defendants’ preferred method of 
running the Reserve Bank’s own search queries through the QuickBooks database, in order to then 
 
1 Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Motion to Compel. 
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 2 of 8

 
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“determine whether the reports generated from those queries contain all relevant information.”  
Opp’n at 4.  For the reasons set forth in the Motion to Compel, and as is clear from the plain 
language of the ESI Stipulation, that interpretation is flatly wrong.  See Mot. to Compel at 5-6 
(explaining that the ESI Stipulation requires only that the parties “meet and confer regarding 
methods of production” and “consider” whether the requested information may be provided by 
querying the database and generating a report). 
 
In addition to being predicated on a fundamental misreading of the ESI Stipulation, 
Defendants’ position is also functionally unworkable.  Setting aside the privilege concerns 
implicated by Defendants’ proposed approach (which are well briefed in the Motion to Compel 
and supplemented below), the Reserve Bank is simply not in a position to ex ante provide queries 
that will provide it with all relevant information requested by the discovery requests.  That is 
because, among other reasons, the Reserve Bank does not have necessary details regarding what 
transfers were made to which entities during the relevant time period.  Indeed, as of the filing of 
this Reply, the Reserve Bank does not know which entities other than Benworth FL and Benworth 
PR are owned or controlled by the Navarros—a key predicate to determining which transfers may 
have been undertaken with actual intent to hinder, defraud or delay Benworth creditors.2  The 
Reserve Bank expects that further details will unfold throughout the discovery process, and 
therefore requires full access to the QuickBooks database so it can update and iterate upon its 
searches as facts evolve.3   
 
2 Of course, if Defendants experience a change of heart and now are willing to provide a comprehensive list of all 
entities in which the Navarros have a beneficial ownership stake and to detail any and all transfers from Defendants 
to those entities, that would largely moot the Motion to Compel.  
3 By way of example, the Reserve Bank only recently learned of an entity affiliated with Defendants that materially 
contributed to Defendants’ settlement with Womply, which it otherwise would have had no knowledge of. 
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 3 of 8

 
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At base, Defendants’ proposed approach risks supplying the Reserve Bank with an 
incomplete picture of the flow of funds made by and among Defendants during the relevant time 
period, when understanding the complete picture is integral to the Reserve Bank’s claims.  And, 
because Defendants have raised no arguments with respect to relevance, proportionality, burden, 
or confidentiality, there is no reason the Reserve Bank should be required to rely solely on a 
smattering of transactions that Defendants are willing to disclose, rather than the full scope of 
information it is entitled to, in order to further develop its claims.  See Autoridad de Carreteras y 
Transportacion v. Transcore Atlantic, Inc., 319 F.R.D. 422 (D.P.R. 2016) (“When a party resists 
the production of evidence, it bears the burden of establishing lack of relevancy or undue burden.”) 
(internal quotation marks and citations omitted)).  If Defendants continue to refuse to provide the 
Reserve Bank access to the QuickBooks database, the only suitable alternative is for Defendants 
to export and produce to the Reserve Bank all QuickBooks data from the relevant time period, 
which Defendants have thus far objected to (but which the Reserve Bank would accept). 
B. Defendants’ Attempts to Dismiss the Reserve Bank’s Privilege Concerns Fail. 
 
 
Second, Defendants’ attempts to defeat the Reserve Bank’s arguments with respect to 
attorney-client privilege and work product are unavailing.   
As explained in the Motion to Compel, Defendants’ proposed approach raises significant 
privilege concerns, as any search queries developed by the Reserve Bank’s counsel or experts 
would reflect the mental impressions, conclusions, or opinions of counsel and would therefore 
constitute undiscoverable opinion work product.  See Mot. to Compel at 9.  Despite this, 
Defendants’ main argument in the Opposition is that any queries provided by the Reserve Bank to 
Defendants to run through the QuickBooks database are “no different than search terms” and are 
therefore categorically non-privileged.  Opp’n at 4.  But each of the cases Defendants rely upon 
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 4 of 8

 
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address whether there is a categorical prohibition on disclosing search terms in the context of a 
bona fide dispute over a party’s compliance with its discovery obligations.  As explained in Burnett 
v. Ford Motor Co: 
When two-way planning does not occur upfront, and questions 
about the adequacy of the document production subsequently arise, 
common sense dictates that the party conducting the search must 
share information regarding the universe of potentially relevant 
documents being preserved . . . as well as the search terms used in 
collecting relevant documents . . . . After all, the party responsible 
for the search and production has the duty to demonstrate its 
reasonableness. 
 
2015 WL 4137847, at *8 (S.D. W. Va. July 8, 2015) (citations omitted); see also 
HealthEdge Software, Inc. v. Sharp Health Plan, 2021 WL 1821358, at *2-3 (D. Mass. May 6, 
2021) (requiring defendant to disclose to plaintiff “how it filtered [] documents to arrive at its 
proposed review universe (i.e., date ranges, search terms, de-duping methods, etc.)” where plaintiff 
alleged that defendant had “failed to be transparent” regarding its collection of electronically stored 
information); FormFactor, Inc. v. Micro-Probe, Inc., 2012 WL 1575093, at *1, 7 (N.D. Cal. May 
3, 2012) (ordering plaintiff to provide the search terms it used to identify documents responsive to 
defendants’ document requests, where defendants argued that plaintiff failed to comply with the 
court’s discovery order). 
 
Here, there is no dispute about the information the Reserve Bank is requesting or the 
Defendants’ obligation to produce such information.  All parties are aware that the Reserve Bank 
seeks Defendants’ financial records from the relevant time period, and that such records are housed 
on the QuickBooks database.  Unlike in the cases cited by Defendants, the search terms at issue 
here do not go to “the underlying facts of what documents are responsive” to the Reserve Bank’s 
discovery requests, but rather the “thought processes of [] counsel” around how to review and 
analyze such responsive documents and which transfers may be subject to legal challenge.  See 
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 5 of 8

 
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FormFactor, 2012 WL 1575093, at 7 n.4.  Courts have drawn distinctions between the two.  See, 
e.g., Brooks v. Thomson Reuters, Corp., 2022 WL 16698686, at *2 (N.D. Cal. Nov. 3, 2022) 
(denying defendant’s request for production of screen recordings generated from plaintiffs’ use of 
an online database because plaintiffs’ search processes “may reflect what an attorney believes is 
relevant preparation for the instant litigation, including the choice of search terms and queries, 
which results are chosen, and which additional steps to take”); see also Hickman v. Taylor, 329 
U.S. 495, 511 (1947) (“Proper preparation of a client’s case demands that [a lawyer] assemble 
information, sift what he considers to be the relevant from the irrelevant facts, prepare his legal 
theories and plan his strategy without undue and needless interference.”).  
 
Defendants’ attempts to minimize the import of von Kahle v. Cargill, Inc., No. 1:21-cv-
08532, also miss the mark.  See Opp’n at 5.  Although the district court in von Kahle did not provide 
a written analysis regarding privilege in its order, the filings make clear that privilege concerns 
were at the forefront of the dispute.  And the court’s order prohibiting the plaintiff’s representative, 
who supervised the defendant’s use of the accounting database, from disclosing to plaintiff’s 
counsel any information on the searches conducted demonstrates the court’s focus on preserving 
defendant’s privilege.  See Mot. to Compel at 11. 4 
CONCLUSION 
 
For the foregoing reasons, the Reserve Bank respectfully requests that this Court grant the 
Motion to Compel. 
 
4 Defendants also argue, without citing a single authority, that “the Reserve Bank waived any privilege concerns 
when it signed the ESI Stipulation.”  Opp’n at 3.  Defendants fail to articulate any theory as to how the ESI 
Stipulation operates as a waiver of privilege, let alone the type of “extreme circumstances” necessary for a court to 
find an implied waiver of privilege.  See Especias Montero, Inc. v. Best Seasonings Grp. Inc., 2021 WL 12319949, at 
*4 (D.P.R. Oct. 26, 2021).  As such, this argument holds no water.  For the avoidance of doubt, the Reserve Bank has 
not, and does not, waive any privileges it or its attorneys enjoy. 
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 6 of 8

 
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Respectfully submitted in San Juan, Puerto Rico on February 18, 2025. 
 
Thomas S. Kessler (admitted pro hac vice) 
tkessler@cgsh.com 
 
CLEARY GOTTLIEB STEEN & 
HAMILTON LLP 
One Liberty Plaza 
New York, New York 10006 
Telephone: (212) 225-2000 
Facsimile: (212) 225-3999 
Attorneys for the Federal Reserve Bank of 
San Francisco  
 
 
s/  Antonio L. Roig Lorenzo 
Antonio L. Roig Lorenzo  
antonio.roig@oneillborges.com 
USDC-PR No. 207712 
 
s/  Salvador J. Antonetti Stutts  
Salvador J. Antonetti Stutts  
salvador.antonetti@oneillborges.com 
USDC-PR No. 215002 
 
s/  Ubaldo M. Fernández Barrera 
Ubaldo M. Fernández Barrera 
ubaldo.fernandez@oneillborges.com 
USDC-PR No. 224807 
 
s/  Aníbal A. Román Medina 
Aníbal A. Román Medina  
anibal.roman@oneillborges.com 
USDC-PR No. 308410 
 
O’NEILL & BORGES LLC 
250 Muñoz Rivera Ave., Ste. 800 
San Juan, PR 00918-1813 
Tel: (787) 764-8181 
Fax: (787) 753-8944 
Attorneys for the Federal Reserve Bank of 
San Francisco 
 
 
 
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 7 of 8

 
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE 
 
 
I certify that on February 18, 2025, I filed a copy of the foregoing document using the 
Court’s CM/ECF system, which will automatically generate a Notice of Electronic Filing to all 
counsel of record in this matter. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
s/  Aníbal A. Román Medina 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aníbal A. Román Medina 
 
Case 3:23-cv-01034-GMM     Document 209     Filed 02/18/25     Page 8 of 8

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